Alcohol consumption causes significant liver damage, including hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even primary liver carcinoma. Metadoxine (MTDX) is considered to be a beneficial treatment for alcoholic liver disease (ALD) because it accelerates the metabolism and elimination of ethanol. However, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. Here, the rat model of ALD was developed by feeding with 50% ethanol at the dose of 5 g/kg, and samples of serum and liver tissue were collected to test the levels of liver injury and inflammation and evaluate the hepatoprotective function of MTDX in alcohol-induced liver injury. Further investigation on the infiltration of immune cells was performed to understand the potential hepatoprotective mechanism of MTDX in the ALD model. The results showed that MTDX attenuated liver injury, evidenced by decreased levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Meanwhile, the liver proinflammatory environment was improved after MTDX treatment, evidenced by decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and NLRP3 in the liver tissue. Furthermore, inhibited infiltrations of macrophages and neutrophils were observed in MTDX-treated ALD rats compared with the untreated ALD rats. Our results indicated that MTDX played an important role in preventing the progression of ALD, and the underlying mechanisms might be related to its function of attenuating liver inflammation by inhibiting immune cell infiltration. 相似文献
The application of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) has a history of more than 2000 years, which have the characteristics of multi-component, multi-target, and high safety. Post-infectious cough (PIC) is a respiratory disease with high incidence. It belongs to subacute cough and accounts for as much as 40%–50%. Cough is the main clinical manifestation of PIC. PIC seriously affects people's life quality because of complex etiology, long-term course of disease, treatment difficulties and other characteristics. Western medicines are based on the principle of symptomatic treatment, so they are often difficult to control PIC fundamentally. These factors could due to that PIC is prolonged and unable to heal repeatedly. TCMs have obvious advantages in treating PIC, with accurate curative effects, less side effects and adverse reactions and are effective in improving PIC-related symptoms and indicators, enhancing patients' life quality and reducing pain. TCMs, guided by holistic concept and syndrome differentiation, advocate determine treatment on the basis of pattern types, and have remarkable clinical treatment effects. As for TCMs etiology, pathogenesis and syndrome types of PIC, TCM scholars have not yet reached a unified standard. However, most of them think that wind pathogen can cause PIC alone, or it can be combined with other evils, which might be the main mechanism of PIC. This paper discusses the advantages and limitations of TCMs in PIC treatment from etiology, pathogenesis, distribution of syndrome types and treatment of TCMs. This article focuses on the treatment methods and pharmacodynamic material basis of wind pathogen, providing ideas in treating PIC of TCMs clinically and innovative drug development. 相似文献
PurposeThis study aimed to describe the spectrum of cancers observed in Bloom Syndrome and the observed survival and age of first cancer diagnosis in Bloom syndrome as these are not well-defined.MethodsData from the Bloom Syndrome Registry (BSR) was used for this study. Cancer history, ages of first cancer diagnosis, and ages of death were compiled from the BSR and analyzed.ResultsAmong the 290 individuals in the BSR, 155 (53%) participants developed 251 malignant neoplasms; 100 (65%) were diagnosed with 1 malignancy, whereas the remaining 55 (35%) developed multiple malignancies. Of the 251 neoplasms, 83 (33%) were hematologic and 168 (67%) were solid tumors. Hematologic malignancies (leukemia and lymphoma) were more common than any of the solid tumors. The most commonly observed solid tumors were colorectal, breast, and oropharyngeal. The cumulative incidence of any malignancy by age 40 was 83%. The median survival for all participants in the BSR was 36.2 years. There were no significant differences in time to first cancer diagnosis or survival by genotype among the study participants.ConclusionWe describe the spectrum of cancers observed in Bloom syndrome and the observed survival and age of first cancer diagnosis in Bloom syndrome. We also highlight the significant differences in survival and age of diagnosis seen among different tumor types and genotypes. 相似文献