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Pharmaceutical Research - Biologics are structurally heterogeneous and can undergo biotransformation in the body. Etanercept (ETN) is a fusion protein composed of a soluble tumor necrosis factor...  相似文献   
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Excessive salt intake causes hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is synthesized and released from the ventricle, and is a surrogate marker reflecting various CVDs. Moreover, when a slight BNP elevation is shown, it leads to a poor prognosis in the general population. However, the relationship between salt intake and BNP levels in the general population remains unclear, especially in those without hypertension and heart diseases.In this study, we recruited 1404 participants without hypertension and electrocardiogram abnormalities, who received regular annual health check-ups in Japan. Plasma BNP levels were measured, and daily salt intake levels were evaluated using urinary samples. In addition, some clinical parameters were obtained, and the data were cross-sectionally analyzed.The median of plasma BNP levels was 10.50 pg/mL, and daily salt intake was 8.50 ± 1.85 g. When dividing participants into quartiles according to daily salt intake, those with the highest daily salt intake revealed the highest plasma BNP levels. Plasma BNP levels were significantly and positively associated with daily salt intake. Moreover, multiple linear regression analyses revealed that plasma BNP levels showed a significant positive association with daily salt intake levels after adjustments.Plasma BNP levels were significantly and positively associated with daily salt intake after adjustment in the general population. Plasma BNP levels may be a surrogate marker reflecting salt-induced heart diseases.  相似文献   
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International Journal of Clinical Oncology - Self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement is an emergent decompression approach for patients with obstructive colorectal cancer, alongside...  相似文献   
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Hereditary apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA-1) amyloidosis is a rare disease characterized by progressive deposition of amyloid fibrils in the kidney, heart, and liver. We observed a 45-year-old male patient with liver failure. Liver dysfunction was detected at 30 years of age during an annual health check-up. At 35 years of age, renal dysfunction was also found. At 40 years of age, the pathologic findings of the liver revealed amyloid deposition. A testis biopsy specimen taken at 42 years of age to identify the cause of male infertility showed amyloid accumulation. At 43 years of age, the amyloid results and genetic profile led to a definitive diagnosis of hereditary ApoA-1 amyloidosis caused by Glu34Lys mutation. A family history was absent. Liver failure showed Budd-Chiari–like formation, including enlargement of the caudate lobe and liver congestion. Although the patient showed end-stage liver cirrhosis and renal failure, only liver transplant was performed considering the burden for a living donor. The enlarged liver (4.9 kg) showed amyloid deposition in parenchyma and the space of Disse. Amyloid also accumulated in the giant spleen. The APOA1 mutation Glu34Lys is extremely rare, and in this case hepatic failure was successfully treated by liver transplant to both replace organ function and reduce production of the amyloidogenic ApoA-1–variant protein. Careful observation for reaccumulation of amyloidosis in the organ is required.  相似文献   
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Statins inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme of the mevalonate pathway, and are widely used as an effective and safe approach handle hypercholesterolemia. The mevalonate pathway is a vital metabolic pathway that uses acetyl-CoA to generate isoprenoids and sterols that are crucial to tumor growth and progression. Multiple studies have indicated that statins improve patient prognosis in various carcinomas. Basic research on the mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of statins is underway. The development of new anti-cancer drugs is progressing, but increasing medical costs from drug development have become a major obstacle. Readily available, inexpensive and well-tolerated drugs like statins have not yet been successfully repurposed for cancer treatment. Identifying the cancer patients that may benefit from statins is key to improved patient treatment. This review summarizes recent advances in statin research in cancer and suggests important considerations for the clinical use of statins to improve outcomes for cancer patients.  相似文献   
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Background/purposeAcinetobacter is an aerobic, gram-negative coccobacillus, which causes nosocomial infections including bacteremia. Recent development of molecular techniques has made classification of the Acinetobacter genomospecies possible, but there are still only a few studies comparing clinical features of the subspecies. We investigated bacteremia caused by Acinetobacter, isolated subspecies, and compared clinical features for each group.MethodsA retrospective analysis of Acinetobacter bacteremia cases was made in a 900-bed hospital in Japan. In addition to conventional procedures, subspecies identification based on rpoB sequence was made, and comparison of clinical characteristics between each subspecies were analyzed.ResultsWe collected 35 cases (Acinetobacter baumannii 14, A. nosocomialis 12, Acinetobacter ursingii 6, and A. seifertii 3). All of the A. seifertii bacteremia cases were blood stream infection occurring in cerebrovascular disease patients, showing particularly higher incidence of shock (100%) and high Pitt bacteremia score (PBS) (6.33 ± 2.52) in comparison to A. baumannii (43% and 2.86 ± 2.25, respectively). Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and the PBS were slightly higher in A. nosocomialis in comparison to A. baumannii, and the 7 day mortality rate was higher in A. nosocomialis (25%) than in A. baumannii (7%), though this difference was not found to be significant.ConclusionsA.seifertii, the recently defined novel species, showed distinctive clinical features of bacteremia. And, in contrast to previous studies, the severity of A. nosocomialis infection was not lower than that of A. baumannii, which might suggest the influence of local epidemiology. Further characterization of these subspecies should be continued.  相似文献   
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Clinical and Experimental Nephrology - In the original publication, the author has found few errors. The corrections are given below.  相似文献   
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Abstract

Purpose: Children with cerebral palsy may face difficulties using handheld pointing devices, due to involuntary muscle movements. This study aimed at describing the idea of the new wearable sensor switch and assessing its feasibility as an access solution in a case of mixed-type cerebral palsy.

Methods: The study participant was a 17-year-old male with mixed-type cerebral palsy characterized by chorea-athetotic movements and bilateral spasticity with gross motor function classification system level V. He exhibited sudden and irregular involuntary upper limb movements when sitting. Because spastic finger movements limited his ability to use a handheld mouse, he used a trackball near his neck as a pointing device (previous input method). The wearable switch system using a stretchable strain sensor was introduced; the sensor was attached to a groove worn on the dorsal regions of the right hand crossing the proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints of the middle finger (new input method). The switch turned on when the subject flexed his middle finger.

Results: The user successfully turned the switch on and typed almost the same numbers of characters per trial compared with the previous input method. The speed of his head movements during typing reduced (p?<?.01), and his sitting posture was nearly upright during computer operation (p?<?.01). No involuntary movement, requiring physical assistance, was observed when using the wearable switch.

Conclusion: The new switch system can be a new option for people with difficulty using standard handheld input devices due to paralysis and involuntary muscle movements.
  • Implications for rehabilitation
  • Cerebral palsy is a major cause of motor dysfunction and spasticity and dyskinesia in the fingers and upper limbs may prevent children with cerebral palsy from using handheld input devices.

  • Wearable devices may be useful for children with cerebral palsy who have limited access to handheld pointing devices.

  • We developed a new wearable switch to control devices using a flexible stretchable sensor.

  • The wearable switch contributed to the improvement of sitting posture and reduction of neck burden during the typing task at the speed equivalent to that using the previous method in a child with mixed type of cerebral palsy exhibiting choreoathetotic movements and bilateral spasticity.

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