Confounded association between proton pump inhibitor use and risk of biliary tract cancer: Result from three cohorts

Recent epidemiological studies suggested that proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use was associated with an increased risk of biliary tract cancer (BTC), however, confounders were not adequately controlled. Our study aimed to evaluate PPI use and subsequent risk of BTC and its subtypes in three well-established cohorts. We conducted a pooled analysis of the subjects free of cancers in UK Biobank (n = 463 643), Nurses' Health Study (NHS, n = 80 235) and NHS II (n = 95 869). Propensity score weighted Cox models were used to estimate marginal HRs of PPIs use on BTC risk, accounting for potential confounders. We documented 284 BTC cases in UK Biobank (median follow-up: 7.6 years), and 91 cases in NHS and NHS II cohorts (median follow-up: 15.8 years). In UK biobank, PPI users had a 96% higher risk of BTC compared to nonusers in crude model (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.44-2.66), but the effect was attenuated to null after adjusting for potential confounders (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.60-1.49). PPI use was not associated with risk of BTC in the pooled analysis of three cohorts (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.60-1.43). We also observed no associations between PPI use with risk of intrahepatic (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.49-2.04), extrahepatic bile duct (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.52-2.27) and gallbladder cancers (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.26-1.66) in UK Biobank. In summary, regular use of PPIs was not associated with the risk of BTC and its subtypes.     

Online Health Information-Seeking Behavior Among Korean American Immigrants in Rural Alabama: Dose Discrimination Matter?

Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health - Little attention has been paid to online health information seeking (OHIS) among immigrants residing in rural areas. This study examines the intensity of...     

重症患者再喂养综合征危险因素的Meta分析

目的 分析重症患者营养支持期间发生再喂养综合征的危险因素，为早期识别及预防再喂养综合征提供参考。方法 检索中国知网、万方数据库、中华医学期刊全文数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普网、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Elsevier关于重症患者再喂养综合征危险因素的文献，检索时间为各数据库建库至2021年12月，采用RevMan5.3进行Meta分析。结果 纳入13篇文献，包括2 519例患者，其中病例组793例，对照组1 726例；Meta分析合并效应值显示年龄(WMD=4.69)、APACHEⅡ评分(WMD=2.50)、BMI(WMD=-0.94)、白蛋白水平(OR=4.61)、前白蛋白水平(WMD=-53.46)、基线血镁水平(WMD=-0.05)、基线血钾水平(WMD=0.18)、基线血磷水平(WMD=-0.07)是重症患者发生再喂养综合征的危险因素(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 基于现有证据，重症患者再喂养综合征的危险因素包括年龄、APACHEⅡ评分、营养状况及电解质水平，医护人员需密切关注重症患者营养支持期间能量、蛋白质及电解...     

超微经皮肾镜取石术在直径1.5～2.5 cm肾及输尿管上段结石患者中的应用

目的探讨超微经皮肾镜取石术(UMP)应用于直径1.5~2.5 cm肾及输尿管上段结石患者中的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析2018年6月-2020年6月宿迁市第一人民医院收治的60例直径为1.5~2.5 cm肾及输尿管上段结石患者的临床资料,均采用UMP治疗,分析患者手术时间、住院时间、手术成功率、结石清除率、并发症发生率及额外镇痛药使用情况。结果60例患者均一期建立通道并顺利完成手术。所有患者均未行单通道手术,未接受输血,无毗邻脏器损伤(肠道、肝脏和脾脏等),无血气胸发生;存在尿外渗或者有明显症状的腹膜后灌注液患者3例(5.0%),均行保守治疗好转;发热(体温高于38℃)5例(8.3%),均对症治疗后好转;无感染性休克患者。手术时间为35~98 min,平均(56.1±21.3)min;术后住院天数为3~8 d,平均(4.1±1.8)d;术后立即评估结石清除率为85.0%(51/60),术后1个月评估结石清除率为91.7%(55/60);术后镇痛药使用率为15.0%(9/60)。结论UMP是治疗直径1.5~2.5 cm肾及输尿管上段结石安全、有效的治疗方法之一,值得临床推广。     

Venetoclax alone or in combination with other regimens treatment achieve deep and sustained remission of relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a meta-analysis

Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Recently, the use of novel targeted drugs significantly improved the overall response rate (ORR) and survival of patients with relapsed/refractory chronic...     

Zhang Weishen: A Pioneer in the Development and Industrial Production of Penicillin in New China

The research and development of penicillin started with difficulty before 1949 and achieved certain results. In 1951, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhang Weishen, as the only Chinese scientist who had been trained and worked in a penicillin research and development center in the United States for many years, overcame many difficulties and returned to China. In 1953, with the efforts of Zhang Weishen and his colleagues, China realized the industrialized production of penicillin, alleviating the urgent needs of the masses. Antibiotics has also become the first discipline to achieve major scientific and technological achievements after the founding of the New China. In the mid-1950s, the technical breakthrough in the localization of lactose substitutes marked the localization of the raw materials of the penicillin-producing culture medium, which paved the way for the industrialized production of penicillin with Chinese characteristics. Antibiotics have become one of the most widely used and affordable drugs for hundreds of millions of patients in China, and China has since ended the humiliating history of the “Sick Man of East Asia".     

基于文献的老年人群常见证候分布特征研究＊

目的 了解我国老年人中医证候分布特征，为中医药辨治老年人提供参考依据。方法 系统检索中国知识基础设施（CNKI）、中文科技期刊数据库（CCD）、万方数据资源系统数据库（CSPD），纳入研究对象为老年人的临床流行病学调查研究文献，对其调查目的、调查疾病及调查结果等进行描述统计。结果 ①最终纳入168篇文献，其中2010至2020年之间发表138篇（82.14%）；调查地区涵盖全国28个省市自治区，共纳入43948例老年人，累计覆盖340个研究中心；②主要研究结果显示，老年人中医证候阴虚阳亢证（10.05%）>血瘀证（9.5%）>痰浊（湿）证（8.91%）>阴阳两虚证（4.98%）>痰瘀互结证（4.96%）；单元证分布阴虚证（14.70%）>痰证（11.22%）>气虚证（7.15%）>肾虚证（4.72%）>血瘀证（4.18%）；涉及病变脏腑肾>肝>脾>肺>心。结论 根据统计结果，可以看出老年人证候分布虚证多于实证，虚证中又以阴虚证、气虚证最为多见，实证常见血瘀证、痰浊（湿）证等，且多见痰瘀互结证；老年人五脏皆损，其中又以肾、肝、脾功能失调最为突出。