Targeting 13-secretase with RNAi in neural stem cells for Alzheimer＇s disease therapy

There are several major pathological changes in Alzheimer＇s disease, including apoptosis of cho- linergic neurons, overactivity or overexpression of 13-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 （BACE1） and inflammation. In this study, we synthesized a 19-nt oligonucleotide targeting BACE1, the key enzyme in amyloid beta protein （AI3） production, and introduced it into the pSilenCircle vector to construct a short hairpin （shRNA） expression plasmid against the BACE1 gene. We transfected this vector into C17.2 neural stem cells and primary neural stem cells, resulting in downregulation of the BACE1 gene, which in turn induced a considerable reduction in reducing AI3 protein production. We anticipate that this technique combining cell transplantation and gene ther- apy will open up novel therapeutic avenues for Alzheimer＇s disease, particularly because it can be used to simultaneously target several pathogenetic changes in the disease.     

MRCP对十二指肠憩室的诊断价值

目的探讨磁共振胰胆管成像（MRCP）对十二指肠憩室的诊断价值。方法2004年3月～2005年2月，使用GE Signa 1．5T MR扫描仪，对因上腹痛或伴有黄疸的患者行MRCP检查，采用薄层（3mm层厚，零间隔）及厚层（50mm层厚）成像，在观察胰胆管的同时，着重观察十二指肠及其周围结构，以期发现憩室或其他病变。结果共发现6例十二指肠憩室，男1例，女5例；年龄53～74岁，平均65岁。所有憩室均位于十二指肠降段与胰头之间。6例中2例显示胆总管下段受压绕行，伴有胆总管及胰管的不同程度扩张，2例合并胆总管下端结石，1例合并胆总管下段炎性狭窄，另1例较大憩室因压迫胰头区而致胰胆管扩张。所有病例均经十二指肠镜检查证实。在MRCP图像上，十二指肠憩室表现为一端连于十二指肠，另一端为游离的盲袋样结构，其形态及信号均类似于十二指肠。3例憩室内可见散在气泡影或气一液平面，以横轴位T2WI显示较佳。1例较大憩室呈盘曲状，轴位像上呈多囊样改变，增强扫描囊壁与十二指肠壁呈同等强化，囊内容物无强化。结论MRCP对发现十二指肠憩室较为敏感，也非常准确，并能显示某些并发症；缺点是难以显示黏膜溃疡及一般炎症；但由于其为无创性检查，简便易行，患者无痛苦，故仍不失为一种较好的检查方法。     

Prognostic value of serial [F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CT uptake in stage III patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated by concurrent chemoradiotherapy

Objective

To evaluate ¹⁸FDG PET-CT for the assessment of therapy response and prediction of patient outcome after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods

Forty-six patients with pathologically proven stage III NSCLC had 2 serial FDG PET-CT scans, before and during CCRT. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUV_max) of the primary lung lesion was calculated. The value changes of SUV_max before and during treatment were calculated according to the following equation: SUV = (SUV_before − SUV_during)100%/SUV_before. The relationship between changes of the SUV_max and the therapy response as well as long-term survival was studied in the responsive and non-responsive groups after CCRT.

Results

Of the 46 enrolled patients, after a medicine follow-up of 2 years, the initial SUV_max in the responsive and non-responsive groups was 7.59 ± 3.14 and 14.72 ± 4.67, respectively. The SUV_max during treatment in the two groups was 2.89 ± 1.39 and 9.82 ± 3.31, respectively. Significant difference (P = 0.001; P = 0.001) in SUV_max was observed either before or during treatment. Furthermore, the percent change of SUV_max before and during treatment was 61.91 ± 86.69 and 33.56 ± 90.37, respectively. There was significant difference between these two groups (P = 0.007). In addition, the 1-year survival rate in the responsive and non-responsive group was 73% and 69%, respectively. The 2-year survival rate in the two groups was 40% and 37%, respectively. There was significant difference between these two groups (P = 0.001).

Conclusions

¹⁸FDG PET-CT is an effective method in the prediction of therapy response in patients with stage III NSCLC. The analysis of percent change of SUV_max provides additional value in early prediction of therapy response and patient outcome.     

成人胸内淋巴结结核69例临床分析

报告经临床确诊的６９例成人胸内淋巴结结核。提示纵隔，肺门多组淋巴结同时受累居多，肿大淋巴结内中心溶解占２７．５％，有钙化者占１７．４％。纤维支气管镜检查有较高阳性率，可做为鉴别论断的重要手段。提出胸内淋巴结结核的论断要点。     

Ethnic Differences in Preterm Birth Risks for Pregnant Women with Thyroid Dysfunction or Autoimmunity：A Meta-analysis

ObjectiveAbnormal maternal thyroid function is associated with preterm birth. However, this association stays dubious in relevant individual studies for ethnic difference reasons and lack of direct supporting data. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between preterm birth and thyroid dysfunction or autoimmunity based on ethnic differences. MethodsRelevant studies were identified through searches of MEDLINE, Excerpta Medica, Wan Fang, China Biological Medicine disc, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from inception to June 15, 2016. Original articles in which an incidence or prevalence of thyroid dysfunction or autoimmunity before second trimester of pregnancy could be extracted were included. ResultsThirty-two unique studies were included for the final meta-analysis. Patients involved were divided into two groups: Group 1 (G1) and Group 2 (G2) comprising of Asian and Caucasian populations, respectively. Positive thyroid antibodies were associated with the occurrence of preterm birth in both G1 [odds ratio (OR): 3.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.83-4.65] and G2 (OR: 1.35, 95%CI: 1.17-1.56);hypothyroidism, only in G2 (OR: 1.20,CI: 1.09-1.33); and subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroxinemia, in neither group. ConclusionThyroid autoimmunity may be a more favorable factor leading to preterm birth among pregnant women of different ethnicities, compared with thyroid dysfunction.     

Herpes zoster-induced acute urinary retention,limb paresis,and constipation in two immunocompetent patients

Clinical Autonomic Research -     

P—选择素检测在脑血栓诊断中的临床意义

目的探讨血小板活化的分子标志物P-选择素检测在脑血栓诊断中的临床意义。方法用流式细胞术及放射免疫法分别检测43例脑血栓病人和20例正常对照者的血小板膜表面P-选择素表达量和血浆TXB2和PGF1a结果脑血栓患者血小板表面P-选择素表达量（24．049．14）%明显高于正常对照者（3.432.73）％．P-选择素水平与脑血栓形成存在一定关系,并与脑血栓患者血浆TXB2等变化趋势有一定的相关性。结论P-选择素检测对及早诊断和预测高危人群发生脑血栓的危险性有一定意义。     

安阳钢铁公司健康体检人群静息态正常心率范围

目的：调查安阳钢铁公司健康体检人群静息态正常心率范围,寻求静息状态正常心率标准.方法：①选择2004-04/05安阳钢铁公司职工总医院健康体检者1 493人,男739人,女754人;年龄18～79岁.均自愿参加.其中,18～29岁266人,30～39岁264人,40～49岁304人,50～59岁366人,60～79岁293人.②采用XDH-10型数字式12导联心电图仪测定心率,根据心电图R-R间期自动计算出静息心率.③由于心率参数测量值呈非正态分布,采用非参数检测方法对收集到的数据进行处理,确定正常值范围.测量数据分布的第98百分位数和第2百分位数作为测量数据的上限和下限.计数资料差异比较采用χ^2检验.结果：健康体检职工1 493人均进入结果分析.①5个年龄段中,50～59岁健康职工静息心率中位数最低.②18～29,30～39,40～49,50～59,60～79岁男性和女性职工平均静息心率中位数分别为67,66,66,67,68次/min;72,70,71,69,70次/min.男性静息心率的下限值低于女性（5个年龄段男性分别为51,50,51,50,52次/min,女性：56,54,55,52,53次/min）.女性静息心率上限值总体趋势较男性为高（5个年龄段女性分别为98,97,96,98,97次/min,男性：95,94,95,93,95次/min）.③随着年龄的增长,男性和女性的窦性心动过缓和窦性心动过速的检出率都明显增加,其中50～59岁和60～79岁男性和女性窦性心动过缓检出率明显高于18～29岁（P＜0.05）.结论：①50～59岁健康职工静息心率中位数最低.②各年龄男性职工平均静息心率随年龄波动不明显,女性职工静息心率随年龄的增高呈下降趋势,且波动起伏较男性明显;男性静息心率的下限值偏低,但分布也较恒定.女性静息心率的下限值较男性为高,波动也较大;男、女性静息心率上限值分布都较活跃,比下限值起伏大;女性静息心率上限值总体趋势较男性为高.③随着年龄的增长,男性和女性的窦性心动过缓和窦性心动过速的检出率都明显增加.