Myocarditis in the pediatric population: A review

Myocarditis has a variable clinical presentation and there is still debate regarding accurate diagnostic criteria. Adding to the controversy surrounding this diagnosis, there is no clear consensus for the treatment or ongoing follow‐up of patients with myocarditis. All of this makes the diagnosis and management of myocarditis a particular challenge in the pediatric population. Furthermore, the literature with respect to this topic is dynamic and ever‐changing. In this review article, we aim to review and summarize the common clinical presentations of myocarditis, along with the latest recommendations for diagnostic criteria, treatment, and follow‐up of patients with myocarditis.     

Family-centered Care for Sick Newborns: A Thumbnail View

Family-centered care (FCC) for sick newborns is emerging as a paradigmatic shift in the practice of facility-based newborn care. It seeks to transforming a provider-centered model into a client-centered one and thus build a new therapeutic alliance. FCC is the cornerstone of continuum of care, imparting caregiving competencies to parents/caregivers both within institutions as well as after the discharge. This has potential gains for the newborn, family members, and facility-level staff. The initial model piloted in tertiary-care settings is now undergoing translation at five sites across the country; the outcomes are keenly awaited.     

Atopic dermatitis in the pediatric population: A cross-sectional,international epidemiologic study

BackgroundLittle is known on the current global prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in the pediatric population.ObjectiveTo estimate the real-world global prevalence of AD in the pediatric population and by disease severity.MethodsThis international, cross-sectional, web-based survey of children and adolescents (6 months to <18 years old) was conducted in the following 18 countries: North America (Canada, United States), Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, Columbia, Mexico), Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom), Middle East and Eurasia (Israel, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Russia), and East Asia (Japan, Taiwan). Prevalence was determined using the following 2 definitions: (1) diagnosed as having AD according to the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) criteria and self- or parent-report of ever being told by a physician that they or their child child had AD (eczema); and (2) reported AD based on the ISAAC criteria only. Severity was assessed using the Patient Global Assessment (PtGA) and Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM).ResultsAmong 65,661 responders, the 12-month diagnosed AD prevalence (ISAAC plus self-reported diagnosis) ranged from 2.7% to 20.1% across countries; reported AD (ISAAC only) was 13.5% to 41.9%. Severe AD evaluated with both PtGA and POEM was generally less than 15%; more subjects rated AD as mild on PtGA than suggested by POEM. No trends in prevalence were observed based on age or sex; prevalence was generally lower in rural residential settings than urban or suburban.ConclusionThis global survey in 18 countries revealed that AD affects a substantial proportion of the pediatric population. Although prevalence and severity varied across age groups and countries, less than 15% had severe AD.     

There is fat in this sclerosis: A case report of sclerotic lipoma and review of the literature

Sclerotic lipomas, a lipoma variant, are benign subcutaneous tumors, so-named because of their resemblance to sclerotic fibromas. Previous literature has suggested that these tumors may show a predilection for middle-aged adult males. We report an unusual case of a sclerotic lipoma diagnosed on the scalp of a 66-year-old female. The patient presented to the outpatient clinic with a 3- to 4-year history of an enlarging and irritated 2.6-cm nodule on the anterior crown of the scalp, clinically thought to be a pilar cyst. Histopathological examination from the excisional specimen revealed a well-circumscribed dermal to subcutaneous tumor with ample sclerotic collagen bundles, an increased number of CD34 positive spindled cells, and prominent S-100 positive mature adipocytes comprising greater than 50% of the tumor. We present this case given its atypical clinical and histopathological presentation, review the literature of sclerotic lipomas, and discuss the differential diagnosis to raise awareness of this rare entity.