Deferoxamine promotes recovery of traumatic spinal cord injury by inhibiting ferroptosis

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent novel cell death pathway. Deferoxamine, a ferroptosis inhibitor, has been reported to promote spinal cord injury repair. It has yet to be clarified whether ferroptosis inhibition represents the mechanism of action of Deferoxamine on spinal cord injury recovery. A rat model of Deferoxamine at thoracic 10 segment was established using a modified Allen's method. Ninety 8-week-old female Wistar rats were used. Rats in the Deferoxamine group were intraperitoneally injected with 100 mg/kg Deferoxamine 30 minutes before injury. Simultaneously, the Sham and Deferoxamine groups served as controls. Drug administration was conducted for 7 consecutive days. The results were as follows:(1) Electron microscopy revealed shrunken mitochondria in the spinal cord injury group.(2) The Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor rating score showed that recovery of the hindlimb was remarkably better in the Deferoxamine group than in the spinal cord injury group.(3) The iron concentration was lower in the Deferoxamine group than in the spinal cord injury group after injury.(4) Western blot assay revealed that, compared with the spinal cord injury group, GPX4, xCT, and glutathione expression was markedly increased in the Deferoxamine group.(5) Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that, compared with the Deferoxamine group, mRNA levels of ferroptosis-related genes Acyl-CoA synthetase family member 2(ACSF2) and iron-responsive element-binding protein 2(IREB2) were up-regulated in the Deferoxamine group.(6) Deferoxamine increased survival of neurons and inhibited gliosis. These findings confirm that Deferoxamine can repair spinal cord injury by inhibiting ferroptosis. Targeting ferroptosis is therefore a promising therapeutic approach for spinal cord injury.     

Multi-center investigation of the clinical and pathological characteristics of inflammatory breast cancer based on Chinese Society of Breast Surgery (CSBrs-007)

BackgroundInflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is an aggressive type of cancer with poor prognosis and outcomes. This study aimed to investigate clinicopathological features, molecular characteristics, and treatments among Chinese patients diagnosed with IBC.MethodsWe collected data of 95 patients with IBC who were treated by members of the Chinese Society of Breast Surgery, from January 2017 to December 2018. The data, including demographic characteristics, pathological findings, surgical methods, systemic treatment plans, and follow-up, were obtained using a uniform electronic questionnaire. The clinicopathological features of different molecular types in patients without distant metastases were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis (H) test followed by post hoc analyses.ResultsLymph node metastasis was noted in 75.8% of all patients, while distant metastasis was noted in 21.4%. Pathological findings indicated invasive ductal and lobular carcinomas in 86.8% and 5.3% of cases, respectively. Hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2−) (41.5%) and HR−/HER2+ (20.1%) were the most common biologic subtypes, followed by HR+/HER2+ (19.1%) and HR−/HER2− (19.1%). Stage III IBC was treated via pre-operative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 87.7% of the cases, predominantly using anthracycline and taxanes. A total of 91.9% of patients underwent surgical treatment. Among them, 77.0% of the patients underwent modified radical mastectomy, 8.1% of whom also underwent immediate breast reconstruction. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that the efficacy of chemotherapy significantly differed among those with HR+/HER2− and HR−/HER2− tumors (adjusted P = 0.008), and Ki-67 expression significantly differed in HR−/HER2+ and HR+/HER2+ molecular subtypes (adjusted P = 0.008).ConclusionOur study provides novel insight into clinicopathological characteristics and treatment status among patients with IBC in China, and might provide a direction and basis for further studies.Trial registrationchictr.org.cn, No. ChiCTR1900027179; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=45030     

深度水解蛋白配方乳对早产儿喂养和生长影响的多中心临床对照研究

目的 通过多中心临床对照研究,观察深度水解蛋白配方乳（eHF）对早产儿喂养和生长的影响。方法 随机选取2012 年2 月至2013 年12 月入住国内8 家三甲医院的早产儿,根据喂养方案分组：（1）胎龄结果 纳入研究的早产儿共328 例。胎龄PPPP>0.05）。胎龄32~34 周的观察组发生喂养不耐受后用eHF,生后第2 周血清总胆红素水平低于其相应的对照组（PPP>0.05）。结论 eHF 可促进早产儿胃肠动力功能、加速胆红素代谢和排泄,且未增加EUGR 的发生。     

A temporary-sustainable team: A new multidisciplinary team model for severe trauma

The treatment of severe trauma, especially multiple injuries, requires multidisciplinary collaboration. The current study aims to highlight the challenges of consultation mode for severe trauma in general hospitals and emphasizes the need to create a new temporary-sustainable team. It suggests developing an information consultation mode and enforcing the fine management to improve the quality and safety of the medical treatment. The management mode of a temporary-sustainable team will reduce the cost and improve the treatment efficiency. Overall, a temporary-sustainable team has significant advantages over a traditional multidisciplinary team for severe trauma treatment.     

正常人骨髓不同细胞群中WT1基因表达及其异构体比例研究

本研究探讨WT1基因在正常人骨髓不同分化阶段造血细胞中的表达程度及异构体间比例关系。采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测18例正常人骨髓标本中CD34^＋CD38^-、CD34^＋CD38^＋、CD15^＋CD11b^＋、CD33＋CD14^＋、CD20^＋CD5^-和CD20^-CD5^＋细胞群中总WT1、WT1（＋17AA）及WT1（＋KTS）的表达。结果表明：与K562细胞相比,CD34^＋CD38^-、CD34^＋CD38^＋、CD15^＋CD11b^＋和CD33^＋CD14^＋细胞群中均存在WT1基因的低表达,且依次逐渐降低;在CD20^＋CD5^-和CD20^-CD5^＋细胞群中未检测到WT1基因表达。在分化程度较低的CD34^＋CD38^-和CD34^＋CD38^＋细胞群中以＋17AA,＋KTS及WT1（＋/＋）异构体为主,而较成熟的CD15^＋CD11b^＋和CD33＋CD14^＋细胞群中以-17AA、-KTS及WT1（-/-）异构体为主。结论：在正常人骨髓细胞中WT1基因的表达随着细胞分化程度提高而降低,造血细胞可能通过其4种异构体比例的调整而发挥抑制或促进分化的作用。     

妊娠合并急性胰腺炎15例临床分析

目的 探讨妊娠期急性胰腺炎的病因及临床诊治经验.方法 回顾性分析15例妊娠合并急性胰腺炎的发病特点、治疗方法及结局.结果 15例产妇均治愈,无严重并发症发生,孕妇无流产及死亡.终止妊娠5例,其中2例妊娠合并轻症急性胰腺炎者1例实施了引产,1例行剖宫产术;3例妊娠合并重症急性胰腺炎患者实施了剖宫产.结论 对于妊娠合并轻症胰腺炎患者尽量选择保守治疗,病情加重时,可以终止妊娠;对于妊娠合并重症急性胰腺炎患者,若病情能够控制,且胎儿宫内情况良好,可尽量延长孕周至32～34周,若孕妇病情加重或无缓解则应尽早终止妊娠.     

Use of Nursing Diagnosis in China—Measures and Thoughts on Education of Nursing

"Where Are We Now?" is an occasional feature in Nursing Diagnosis. The column focuses on current issues and trends related to nursing diagnosis development, implementation, and evaluation. The writing in this issue describes use of nursing diagnosis in China, and provides a perspective on the international use of the taxonomy. The authors describe introduction of nursing diagnoses content in their school of nursing.     

Diffusion Efficiency and Bioavailability of Resveratrol Administered to Rat Brain by Different Routes: Therapeutic Implications

Resveratrol possesses anti-tumor activities against central nervous system (CNS) tumors in vitro but has not yet been used clinically due to its low bioavailability, particularly in the CNS. This study thus aimed to elucidate brain bioavailability of trans-resveratrol by monitoring brain concentrations and dwell times following administration of resveratrol through intragastric, intraperitoneal, external carotid artery/ECA and intrathecal routes. In parallel, we evaluated the biological responses of rat RG2 glioblastoma cells as well as RG2-formed rat intracranial glioblastomas treated with resveratrol via intrathecal administration. The results revealed that resveratrol was detected in rat brains except when administered systemically. Intrathecal administration of reseveratrol led to abundant apoptotic foci and increased staining of the autophagy proteins, LC-3 and Beclin-1 and shrinkage of the intracranial tumors. In conclusion, the BBB penetrability of resveratrol is remarkably increased by intracthecal administration. Regular short-term resveratrol treatments suppress growth and enhance autophagic and apoptotic activities of rat RG2 glioblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, intrathecal administration of resveratrol could be an optimal intervention approach in the adjuvant management of brain malignancies.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13311-014-0334-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.Key words: Resveratrol, blood brain barrier, drug administration, bioavailability, glioblastoma neurotherapeutics     

Molecular epidemiological investigation of G6PD deficiency by a gene chip among Chinese Hakka of southern Jiangxi province

In southern China, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a significant health problem, and the incidence ranged from 0.5 to 4.08% in different Chinese population. The aims of this study are to investigate the molecular epidemiological characteristic of the G6PD gene among Chinese Hakka in southern Jiangxi province. 2331 unrelated subjects were screened for G6PD deficiency by a fluorescent test. DNA from deficient individuals was analyzed by a gene chip analysis for thirteen common Chinese G6PD mutations. In total, 3.60% (82/2331; 95% CI 2.77-4.27) of the sample were found to be G6PD-deficient. Eight mutations were found from 80 samples. However, mutation(s) for the two remaining samples were unknown. The most common mutations were G6PD Canton (1376 G>T) and G6PD Kaiping (1388 G>A), and the following mutations were 1311 polymorphism (1311 C>T), G6PD Gaohe (95 A>G), G6PD Chinese-5 (1024 C>T), G6PD Maewo (1360 C>T), Shunde (592 C>T), G6PD Viangchan (871 G>A) and Chinese-3 (493 A>G). This is the first report of G6PD deficiency among Chinese Hakka population in Jiangxi province.     

163例儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病细胞遗传学特征

目的:了解儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病的细胞遗传学特征。方法:通过骨髓染色体核型分析和荧光原位杂交检测,对163例初诊急性淋巴细胞白血病儿童(0-17岁)进行细胞遗传学分型。结果:本组病例细胞遗传学异常率87.7%(143/163)。倍体群分析显示,最常见高超二倍体(51-67条染色体)45例(27.6%),X染色体和21号染色体获得率为100%。特异性基因异常最常见t(12;21)ETV6/RUNX1(26例,16.0%),其次是t(1;19)TCF3/PBX1(13例,8.0%),t(4;11)MLL重排和t(8;14)IGH/MYC(各6例,3.7%),t(9;22)BCR/ABL(2例,1.2%)和i AMP21(1例,0.6%)。非典型结构异常率为:dup(1q)20.2%,del(6q)和del(9p)10.4%,del(12p)12.9%和del(13q)5.5%等。与西方儿童比较,t(12;21)、t(1;19)、t(9;22)和高超二倍体的发生率均较一致(P0.25)。与韩国儿童比较,t(9;22)的发生率似乎更低(1.5%vs 9.5%)(P0.005)。结论:本组急性淋巴细胞白血病儿童的细胞遗传学异常表现与西方儿童基本相似,风险可能不高。