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排序方式: 共有274条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Swapnil P. Borse Abu Sufiyan Chhipa Vipin Sharma Devendra Pratap Singh Manish Nivsarkar 《Medical principles and practice》2021,30(2):109
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for >90% of the cases of diabetes in adults. Resistance to insulin action is the major cause that leads to chronic hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. T2DM is the consequence of activation of multiple pathways and factors involved in insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Also, the etiology of T2DM involves the complex interplay between genetics and environmental factors. This interplay can be governed efficiently by lifestyle modifications to achieve better management of diabetes. The present review aims at discussing the major factors involved in the development of T2DM that remain unfocussed during the anti-diabetic therapy. The review also focuses on lifestyle modifications that are warranted for the successful management of T2DM. In addition, it attempts to explain flaws in current strategies to combat diabetes. The employability of phytoconstituents as multitargeting molecules and their potential use as effective therapeutic adjuvants to first line hypoglycemic agents to prevent side effects caused by the synthetic drugs are also discussed. 相似文献
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Usha Patel Manish Pandey Sadhana Kannan Tanuja A. Samant Poonam Gera Neha Mittal Swapnil Rane Asawari Patil Vanita Noronha Amit Joshi Vijay M. Patil Kumar Prabhash Manoj B. Mahimkar 《British journal of cancer》2020,123(12):1757
Background Anti-EGFR-based therapies have limited success in HNSCC patients. Predictive biomarkers are greatly needed to identify the patients likely to be benefited from these targeted therapies. Here, we present the prognostic and predictive association of biomarkers in HPV-negative locally advanced (LA) HNSCC patients.Methods Treatment-naive tumour tissue samples of 404 patients, a subset of randomised Phase 3 trial comparing cisplatin radiation (CRT) versus nimotuzumab plus cisplatin radiation (NCRT) were analysed to evaluate the expression of HIF1α, EGFR and pEGFR by immunohistochemistry and EGFR gene copy change by FISH. Progression-free survival (PFS), locoregional control (LRC) and overall survival (OS) were estimated by Kaplan–Meier method. Hazard ratios were estimated by Cox proportional hazard models.Results Baseline characteristics of the patients were balanced between two treatment groups (CRT vs NCRT) and were representative of the trial cohort. The median follow-up was of 39.13 months. Low HIF1α was associated with better PFS [HR (95% CI) = 0.62 (0.42–0.93)], LRC [HR (95% CI) = 0.56 (0.37–0.86)] and OS [HR (95% CI) = 0.63 (0.43–0.93)] in the CRT group. Multivariable analysis revealed HIF1α as an independent negative prognostic biomarker. For patients with high HIF1α, NCRT significantly improved the outcomes [PFS:HR (95% CI) = 0.55 (0.37–0.82), LRC:HR (95% CI) = 0.55 (0.36–0.85) and OS:HR (95% CI) = 0.54 (0.36–0.81)] compared to CRT. While in patients with low HIF1α, no difference in the clinical outcomes was observed between treatments. Interaction test suggested a predictive value of HIF1α for OS (P = 0.008).Conclusions High HIF1α expression is a predictor of poor clinical response to CRT in HPV-negative LA-HNSCC patients. These patients with high HIF1α significantly benefited with the addition of nimotuzumab to CRT.Clinical trial registration Registered with the Clinical Trial Registry of India (Trial registration identifier—CTRI/2014/09/004980).Subject terms: Tumour biomarkers, Head and neck cancer, Tumour biomarkers, Head and neck cancer, Predictive markers 相似文献
4.
Swapnil Sharadkumar Chudiwal Mohamed Hassan G. Dehghan 《Pharmaceutical development and technology》2018,23(10):1077-1087
AbstractThe objective of the present study was to design and develop drug-device combination product in particular flunisolide nasal spray (FNS) using quality by design (QbD) approach. Quality target product profile (QTPP) of FNS was defined and critical quality attributes (CQAs), i.e. viscosity (cp) (Y1) and D50 droplet size distribution (DSD) (μm) (Y2) were identified. Potential risk factors were identified using a fish bone diagram and failure mode effect analysis (FMEA) tools. Plackett–Burman and Box–Behnken designs were used for screening the significant factors and optimizing the variables range, respectively. It was observed that viscosity (cp) (Y1) was significantly impacted by formulation variables X1: propylene glycol (PG) (%) and X2: polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3350 (%), while D50 DSD (μm) (Y2) was significantly impacted by formulation variables X1: PG (%), X2: PEG 3350 (%) and device variable X8: delivery volume (μl). A design space plot within which the CQAs remained unchanged was established at laboratory scale. In conclusion, this study demonstrated how QbD based development approach can be applied to the development of drug-device combination products with enhanced understanding of the impact of formulation, process and device variables on CQAs of drug-device combination products. 相似文献
5.
Alba Grifoni Swapnil Mahajan John Sidney Sheridan Martini Richard H. Scheuermann Bjoern Peters Alessandro Sette 《Human immunology》2019,80(11):923-929
Enteroviruses are potentially linked to the emergence of Acute Flaccid Myelitis (AFM), a rare but very serious condition that affects the nervous system. AFM has been associated with coxsackievirus A16, enterovirus A71 (EVA71) and enterovirus D68 (EVD68). Little is known about host-pathogen interactions for these viruses, and whether immune responses may have a protective or immunopathological role in disease presentations. Towards addressing this issue, we used the Immune Epitope Database to assess the known inventory of B and T cell epitopes from enteroviruses, focusing on data related to human hosts. The extent of conservation in areas that are targets of B and T cell immune responses were examined. This analysis sheds light on regions of the enterovirus polypeptide that can be probed to induce a specific or cross-reactive B or T cell the immune response to enteroviruses, with a particular focus on coxsackievirus A16, EVA71 and EVD68. In addition, these analyses reveal the current gap-of-knowledge in the T and B cell immune responses that future studies should aim to address. 相似文献
6.
Gaurav Gupta Sachin Kumar Sangeeta Gupta K. B. Golhar Swapnil Deshpande 《The Indian journal of surgery》2014,76(4):319-320
Case Report
We report a case of 4-day-old male infant who developed rapid abdominal distension with progression to shock. Abdominal radiography showed free gas under diaphragm for which emergency laparotomy was done revealing a perforation in the greater curvature of the stomach that was sutured after excising surrounding ischemic stomach wall. 相似文献7.
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Shailesh Anand Sable Sharad Maheshwari Swapnil Sharma Kapildev Yadav Ashutosh Chauhan Sorabh Kapoor Vibha Varma Vinay Kumaran 《Indian journal of gastroenterology》2018,37(2):133-140
Background/Aim
Right lobe living donor (2/3rd partial hepatectomy) model is the best way to accurately study liver regeneration process in human beings. We aimed to study the kinetics of liver regeneration after 2/3rd partial hepatectomy in donors.Methods
Retrospective analysis of prospectively maintained volumetric recovery data in donors was performed in 23 donors, who underwent 29 contrast-enhanced computed tomography within 3 months for various clinical indications.Results
The absolute volumetric growth percentages were as follows: 37.60?±?21.74 at 1st week, 92?±?53.27 at 2nd week, 115.55?±?59.65 at 4th week, and 110.79?±?64.47 at 3 months. On sub-group analysis of our cohort, we found that 4.3%, 17%, 30.4%, and 39% donors attended ≥?90% volumetric recovery at 1st, 2nd, 4th week, and 3 months, respectively. One patient at 4th week revealed 128% volumetric recovery. There was one more patient who exceeded original total liver volumes (TLV) (111% of TLV) at 2.5 months. The serum bilirubin and INR values peaked at postoperative day (POD) 3rd and then started showing a downward trend from POD 5th onwards.Conclusion
Our study is the first to document complete volumetric recovery in donors as early as 3 weeks. Two of the donors overshot their original TLV during the early regenerative phase.9.
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