全文获取类型
收费全文 | 441篇 |
免费 | 14篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 2篇 |
儿科学 | 3篇 |
妇产科学 | 2篇 |
基础医学 | 147篇 |
口腔科学 | 11篇 |
临床医学 | 22篇 |
内科学 | 69篇 |
神经病学 | 6篇 |
特种医学 | 11篇 |
外科学 | 116篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 5篇 |
眼科学 | 8篇 |
药学 | 18篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 33篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2017年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 6篇 |
2015年 | 7篇 |
2014年 | 5篇 |
2013年 | 10篇 |
2012年 | 17篇 |
2011年 | 15篇 |
2010年 | 14篇 |
2009年 | 22篇 |
2008年 | 21篇 |
2007年 | 16篇 |
2006年 | 18篇 |
2005年 | 15篇 |
2004年 | 16篇 |
2003年 | 21篇 |
2002年 | 15篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 15篇 |
1999年 | 28篇 |
1998年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有455条查询结果,搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
Markus K. Diener Michael D. Menger Joachim Jähne Hans-Detlev Saeger Ernst Klar 《Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie》2014,399(3):253-262
Background
During the last two decades, the complexity of surgical patient care has increased dramatically. Nonetheless, there is substantial need to improve the quality of surgical research in Germany.Purpose
Herein, we present the current concepts of the German Society of Surgery, the Section of Surgical Research, the Study Center of the German Surgical Society, and the German Surgical Trial Network (CHIR-Net) and their perspectives to promote young surgeons for a career in academic surgery and to improve the quality of surgical research in experimental studies as well as in clinical trials. The concepts include also education, teaching, and mentoring in order to strengthen the research profile of surgical departments and surgical research institutes.Conclusions
We feel that realization of these concepts should guarantee the survival of the surgeon-scientist across all surgical subspecialties, increase the attractiveness of academic positions in surgery, and promote translational research from bench to bedside with a benefit for patient care. 相似文献2.
3.
L. Daas N. Szentmáry T. Eppig A. Langenbucher A. Hasenfus M. Roth M. Saeger B. Nölle B. Lippmann D. Böhringer T. Reinhard C. Kelbsch E. Messmer U. Pleyer S. Roters A. Zhivov K. Engelmann J. Schrecker L. Zumhagen H. Thieme R. Darawsha T. Meyer-ter-Vehn B. Dick I. Görsch M. Hermel M. Kohlhaas B. Seitz 《Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft》2015,112(9):752-763
4.
Wolfgang Saeger Bernd Lohe Christina Luise Engels Ulrike Werner 《Endocrine pathology》2018,29(3):294-298
A 67-year-old man was adrenalectomized due to a tumor measuring 100 mm. Specimens revealed an inflammation with slight fibrosis and moderate infiltrates of lymphocytes and plasmacytes with immunoreactivity for IgG and IgG4 resulting in the diagnosis of an active IgG4-associated adrenalitis. To our knowledge, this is the first reported active adrenalitis of this type. It should be the precursor lesion of the adrenal calcifying fibrous tumor that was reported once before. 相似文献
5.
C. Martins A. Vidal M. De Boevre S. De Saeger C. Nunes D. Torres A. Goios C. Lopes R. Assunção P. Alvito 《International journal of hygiene and environmental health》2019,222(6):913-925
Mycotoxins constitute a relevant group of food contaminants with several associated health outcomes such as estrogenic, immunotoxic, nephrotoxic and teratogenic effects. Although scarce data are available in Portugal, human biomonitoring studies have been globally developed to assess the exposure to mycotoxins at individual level. In order to overcome this lack of data, the present study concerned the analysis of mycotoxins in 24h urine and first-morning urine paired samples from 94 participants enrolled within the scope of the National Food, Nutrition, and Physical Activity Survey of the Portuguese General Population (2015–2016). Following a salt-assisted matrix extraction, urine samples were analysed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of 37 urinary mycotoxins’ biomarkers and data obtained used to estimate the probable daily intake as well as the risk characterization applying the Hazard Quotient approach. Results revealed the exposure of Portuguese population to zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin A, alternariol, citrinin and fumonisin B1 through the quantification in 24h urine and first-morning urine paired samples. Risk characterization data revealed a potential concern to some reported mycotoxins since the reference intake values were exceeded by some of the considered participants. Alternariol was identified for the first time in urine samples from a European country; however, risk characterization was not performed due to lack of reference intake value. These results confirmed mycotoxins as part of the human exposome of the Portuguese population reinforcing the need for further studies regarding the determinants of exposure. 相似文献
6.
Bethge H Arlt W Zimmermann U Klingelhöffer G Wittenberg G Saeger W Allolio B 《Clinical endocrinology》1999,51(6):809-814
We describe an early prenatal diagnosis and the successful treatment of fetal Graves' disease from transplacental transfer of maternal thyroid stimulating autoantibodies (TSAb). The diagnosis of fetal thyrotoxicosis was made by umbilical cord sampling (UBS) at 20 weeks gestation, based on suppressed TSH with elevated FT4 levels. Therapy with propylthiouracil (PTU) improved fetal thyroid function tests as well as the clinical signs of fetal Graves' disease. Three more UBS were conducted before delivery indicating persisting mild fetal hyperthyroidism. Undetectable concentrations of thyrotrophin in fetal serum in the presence of markedly elevated FT4, suggests pituitary negative feedback at as early as 20 weeks gestation. Amniotic fluid thyrotrophin levels were measured at 20,24 and 26 weeks and were shown to correlate better with (elevated) maternal rather than (suppressed) fetal TSH values; therefore, we believe that amniotic fluid thyrotrophin measurement is unreliable for prediction of fetal thyroid status. Our observation is the first documentation of an intact feedback mechanism so early in fetal development and it suggests that pituitary maturation occurs earlier than previously believed. 相似文献
7.
Morbidity and mortality conferences have been entitled the "golden hour" of surgical education. There is a long-standing tradition for these conferences in the USA and the United Kingdom. In Germany they are still not fully integrated in the daily clinical work although the positive influence on quality improvement, patient safety and surgical education has been repeatedly proven. Some factors are still hampering the establishment of M & M conferences: the lack of time, worrying about shame and blame and last not least some deficit for a culture of discussions. The commitment of surgeons in leading positions is required for the establishment and further support of -these conferences. In addition to patient safety, one of the main goals is the continuing education of young surgeons. Structuring M & M conferences as well as an intelligent moderation by an experienced surgeon and lively, open and interactive discussions - all these factors are obviously of great importance for improving success in surgery. 相似文献
8.
Nicolas Charette Christine De Saeger Valérie Lannoy Yves Horsmans Isabelle Leclercq Peter Stärkel 《Molecular cancer》2010,9(1):256
Background
Dysregulation of epidermal growth factor and insulin-like growth factor signaling play important roles in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), leading to frequent activation of their downstream targets, the ras/raf/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. Salirasib is an S-prenyl-cysteine analog that has been shown to block ras and/or mTOR activation in several non hepatic tumor cell lines. We investigated in vitro the effect of salirasib on cell growth as well as its mechanism of action in human hepatoma cell lines (HepG2, Huh7, and Hep3B) and its in vivo effect in a subcutaneous xenograft model with HepG2 cells. 相似文献9.
J Flitsch D K Lüdecke U J Knappe W Saeger 《Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes》1999,107(3):183-189
In Cushing's disease, selective total removal of a corticotroph tumor of the pituitary regularly results in subnormal ACTH- and cortisol plasma levels. The duration of secondary adrenocortical insufficiency varies widely, with an average of 17 months in our patients. The goal of this study is to elucidate the underlying causes for the variation in duration of postoperative hypocortisolism. In this retrospective study, we evaluated 35 patients with postoperative hypocortisolism lasting more than 36 months, and compared them to 51 patients with a duration of less than 36 months. Preoperative data, intraoperative findings, and postoperative results with follow-up evaluations are presented. Extensive pituitary exploration, medial localization of the tumor, and a higher age were associated with increased risk for isolated secondary long-term hypocortisolism. The histological examination of paraadenomateous tissue identified a significantly larger amount of Crooke's cells in long-term cortisol insufficient patients. Previous pituitary surgery increased the risk for hypopituitarism. In some of our patients, the long-term adrenocortical insufficiency resolved after a period of over five years. 相似文献
10.
Zusammenfassung. Die spontane intramurale Oesophagusruptur ist eine seltene Ursache für akuten retrosternalen und Oberbauchschmerz. Es wird
über den Fall einer spontanen intramuralen Oesophagusruptur bei einer 82 j?hrigen Patientin berichtet. Dargestellt werden
Symptomatik, Diagnostik, ?tiologie und Therapie der L?sion.
相似文献