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1.
In a recent clinical trial of sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrices, oral rinsing habits were found to influence dental caries. Thus an oral fluoride clearance study has been undertaken which was designed to test a possible mechanism for the observed effects. Eight subjects brushed with one of the trial dentifrices and then rinsed using 1 of 8 procedures of varying thoroughness. The salivary fluoride concentration measured 5 min after dentifrice application decreased significantly with increasing rinse volume, rinse duration, and rinse frequency (p less than 0.01, analysis of variance). The area under the clearance curve determined over a further 3 h was significantly higher (300%; p less than 0.01) following use of the least thorough rinsing procedure (5 ml x 2 s once) as compared with the corresponding area under the clearance curve following the most thorough procedure (20 ml x 10 s twice). These findings indicate that rinsing habits may play an important role in the oral retention of fluoride from dentifrices which may, in turn, affect their clinical efficacy. 相似文献
2.
Jacqueline M. Smits Jens Gottlieb Erik Verschuuren Patrick Evrard Rogier Hoek Christiane Knoop György Lang Johanna M. Kwakkel-van Erp Robin Vos Geert Verleden Benoit Rondelet Daniel Hoefer Frank Langer Rene Schramm Konrad Hoetzenecker Diana van Kessel Bart Luijk Leonard Seghers Tobias Deuse Roland Buhl Christian Witt Agita Strelniece Dave Green Erwin de Vries Guenter Laufer Dirk Van Raemdonck 《Transplant international》2020,33(5):544-554
The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an impact of donation rates on the quality of lungs used for transplantation and whether donor lung quality affects post-transplant outcome in the current Lung Allocation Score era. All consecutive adult LTx performed in Eurotransplant (ET) between January 2012 and December 2016 were included (N = 3053). Donors used for LTx in countries with high donation rate were younger (42% vs. 33% ≤45 years, P < 0.0001), were less often smokers (35% vs. 46%, P < 0.0001), had more often clear chest X-rays (82% vs. 72%, P < 0.0001), had better donor oxygenation ratios (20% vs. 26% with PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 mmHg, P < 0.0001), and had better lung donor score values (LDS; 28% vs. 17% with LDS = 6, P < 0.0001) compared with donors used for LTx in countries with low donation rate. Survival rates for the groups LDS = 6 and ≥7 at 5 years were 69.7% and 60.9% (P = 0.007). Lung donor quality significantly impacts on long-term patient survival. Countries with a low donation rate are more oriented to using donor lungs with a lesser quality compared to countries with a high donation rate. Instead of further stretching donor eligibility criteria, the full potential of the donor pool should be realized. 相似文献
3.
Jessy A. Terpstra Rosalie van der Vaart Saskia Spillekom-van Koulil Arno van Dam Judith G.M. Rosmalen Hans Knoop Henriët van Middendorp Andrea W.M. Evers 《Patient education and counseling》2018,101(9):1702-1707
Objective
Online cognitive-behavioral therapy (iCBT) is effective in supporting patients’ self-management. Since iCBT differs from face-to-face CBT on several levels, proper training of therapists is essential. This paper describes the development and evaluation of a therapist training based on theoretical domains that are known to influence implementation behavior, for an iCBT for chronic pain.Methods
The training consists of 1.5?days and covers the implementation domains “knowledge”, “skills”, “motivation”, and “organization”, by focusing on the therapy’s rationale, iCBT skills, and implementation strategies. Using an evaluation questionnaire, implementation determinants (therapist characteristics, e-health attitude, and implementation domains) and iCBT acceptance were assessed among participants after training.Results
Twenty-two therapists participated, who generally showed positive e-health attitudes, positive implementation expectations, and high iCBT acceptance. Organizational aspects (e.g., policy regarding iCBT implementation) were rated neutrally.Conclusions
An iCBT therapist training was developed and initial evaluations among participants showed favorable implementation intentions.Practice implications
Therapists’ positive training evaluations are promising regarding the dissemination of iCBT in daily practice. Organizational support is vital and needs to be attended to when selecting organizations for iCBT implementation. 相似文献4.
5.
Electrical stimulation of the cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FN) elevates regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) independently of cerebral metabolism (rCGU) throughout brain. One hour of FN stimulation also reduces, by up to 50%, the volume of the focal ischemic infarction produced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rat. Protected areas correspond to the ischemic penumbra. Neuroprotection, while reversible, persists for weeks after 1h of stimulation. It cannot be attributed to increasing rCBF and/or reducing rCGU to improve matching of flow and metabolism. Conditional stimulation of FN initiates long-lived inhibition of expression of peri-infarction depolarizing waves, possibly by altering potassium-channel function and suppresses induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and ICAM in cerebral microvessels. The brain contains intrinsic networks which may protect the brain from ischemic injury, possibly by producing widespread and longterm suppression of electrical excitability and/or and expression of proinflammatory molecules. 相似文献
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ZORICA SVIRČEV SVETISLAV KRSTIČ MARICA MILADINOV-MIKOV VLADIMIR BALTIČ MILKA VIDOVIČ 《journal of environmental science and health part c-environmental carcinogenesis & ecotoxicology reviews》2013,31(1):36-55
A large part of Central Serbia experiences continual shortage of sufficient ground water resources. For that reason, more than 20 reservoirs serve as drinking water suppliers. Significant and persistent cyanobacterial “blooms” have been recognized in nine of them. Samples for cyanotoxin analyses were taken during and after “blooms” in ?elije Reservoir and from Kru?evac town-supplied tap water from that reservoir two days later. Concentration of microcystin-LR was 650 μ gL–1 in the reservoir, while the tap water contained 2.5 μ gL–1. In the two investigated periods, the high primary liver cancer (PLC) mortality of 11.6 from 1980–1990 and extremely high PLC incidence of 34.7 from 2000–2002 were observed in the regions affected by heavy cyanobacterial “blooms.” In contrast, PLC mortality and incidence rates were substantially lower in the regions not affected by cyanobacterial blooms: in 1980–1990 the rate of PLC mortality amounted to 2.7 in Kosovo, 7.6 in Vojvodina, and 8.3 in the non-affected regions of Central Serbia; while in 2000–2002 PLC incidence amounted to 4.1 in Kosovo, 5.2 in Vojvodina, and 13.6 in the non- or less-affected regions of Central Serbia. Keeping in mind that the most affected PLC regions in Central Serbia (Topli?ki, Ni?ki, and ?umadijski regions) have the water supply systems based on six reservoirs found regularly in bloom during summer months and that some of the regions are also connected with two boundary “blooming” reservoirs, representing a total of eight of nine blooming reservoirs, it is easy to presume that the PLC incidence could be related to drinking water quality. The uneven geographic distribution of liver cancer in Serbia is conspicuous and hot spots could be related to drinking water supply. It is very clear that the high-risk regions for PLC occurrence correspond with drinking water reservoirs continually found with cyanobacterial blooms, and the low risk regions correspond with water supplies not affected by cyanobacteria. 相似文献
10.
Relationship Between Objectively Assessed Physical Activity and Fatigue in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Inverse Correlation of Activity and Fatigue 下载免费PDF全文