全文获取类型
收费全文 | 461篇 |
免费 | 34篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 2篇 |
儿科学 | 5篇 |
妇产科学 | 6篇 |
基础医学 | 68篇 |
口腔科学 | 2篇 |
临床医学 | 28篇 |
内科学 | 91篇 |
皮肤病学 | 31篇 |
神经病学 | 39篇 |
特种医学 | 7篇 |
外科学 | 72篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
预防医学 | 104篇 |
眼科学 | 14篇 |
药学 | 14篇 |
肿瘤学 | 11篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 21篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 19篇 |
2015年 | 12篇 |
2014年 | 23篇 |
2013年 | 24篇 |
2012年 | 25篇 |
2011年 | 53篇 |
2010年 | 29篇 |
2009年 | 23篇 |
2008年 | 29篇 |
2007年 | 24篇 |
2006年 | 29篇 |
2005年 | 21篇 |
2004年 | 18篇 |
2003年 | 21篇 |
2002年 | 15篇 |
2001年 | 11篇 |
2000年 | 12篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有497条查询结果,搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
2.
Thymoquinone protects rat liver after partial hepatectomy under ischaemia/reperfusion through oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress prevention 下载免费PDF全文
Ahlem Bouhlel Mohamed Bejaoui Ismail Ben Mosbah Najet Hadj Abdallah Catherine Ribault Roselyne Viel Hassen Hentati Anne Corlu Hassen Ben Abdennebi 《Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology》2018,45(9):943-951
Ischaemia reperfusion (I/R) is associated with liver injury and impaired regeneration during partial hepatectomy (PH). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of thymoquinone (TQ), the active compound of essential oil obtained from Nigella sativa seeds, on rat liver after PH. Male Wistar rats were divided equally into four groups (n = 6) receiving an oral administration of either vehicle solution (sham and PH groups) or TQ at 30 mg/kg (TQ and TQ + PH groups) for 10 consecutive days. Then, rats underwent PH (70%) with 60 minutes of ischaemia followed by 24 hours of reperfusion (PH and TQ + PH groups). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and histopathological damage were determined. Also, antioxidant parameters, liver regeneration index, hepatic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis were assessed. In response to PH under I/R, liver damage was significantly alleviated by TQ treatment as evidenced by the decrease in ALT activity (P < .01) and histological findings (P < .001). In parallel, TQ preconditioning increased hepatic antioxidant capacities. Moreover, TQ improved mitochondrial function (ATP, P < .05), attenuated ER stress parameters and repressed the expression of apoptotic effectors. Taken together, our results suggest that TQ preconditioning could be an effective strategy to reduce liver injury after PH under I/R. The protective effects were mediated by the increase of antioxidant capacities and the decrease of ER stress and apoptosis. 相似文献
3.
4.
Asma Mahfoudh-Boussaid Kaouther Hadj Ayed Tka Mohamed Amine Zaouali Joan Roselló-Catafau 《Renal failure》2014,36(9):1436-1442
Renal ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury, which occurs during renal surgery or transplantation, is the major cause of acute renal failure. Trimetazidine (TMZ), an anti-ischemic drug, protects kidney against the deleterious effects of I/R. However its protective mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study is to examine the relevance of Akt, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) on TMZ induced protection of kidneys against I/R injury. Wistar rats were subjected to 60?min of warm renal ischemia followed by 120?min of reperfusion, or to intraperitoneal injection of TMZ (3?mg/kg) 30?min before ischemia. In sham operated group renal pedicles were only dissected. Compared to I/R, TMZ treatment decreased lactate dehydrogenase (845?±?13 vs. 1028?±?30?U/L). In addition, creatinine clearance and sodium reabsorption rates reached 105?±?12 versus 31?±?11?μL/min/g kidney weight and 95?±?1 versus 68?±?5%, respectively. Besides, we noted a decrease in malondialdehyde concentration (0.33?±?0.01 vs. 0.59?±?0.03?nmol/mg of protein) and an increase in glutathione concentration (2.6?±?0.2 vs. 0.93?±?0.16?µg GSH/mg of protein), glutathione peroxidase (95?±?4 vs. 61?±?3?µg GSH/min/mg of protein), and superoxide dismutase (25?±?3 vs. 11?±?2?U/mg of protein) and catalase (91?±?12 vs. 38?±?9?μmol/min/mg of protein) activities. Parallely, we noted a significant increase in p-Akt, eNOS, nitrite and nitrate (18?±?2 vs. 8?±?0.1?pomL/mg of protein), HIF-1α (333?±?48 vs. 177?±?14?µg/mg of protein) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) levels regarding I/R. TMZ treatment improves renal tolerance to warm I/R. Such protection implicates an activation of Akt/eNOS signaling pathway, HIF-1α stabilization and HO-1 activation. 相似文献
5.
Hiba Hadj Ammar Sirine Lajili Rafik Ben Said Didier Le Cerf Abderrahman Bouraoui Hatem Majdoub 《Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences》2015,23(1)
Background
Seaweed polysaccharides are highly active natural substances having valuable applications. The present study was conducted to characterize the physico-chemical properties of sulphated polysaccharides from three Mediterranean brown seaweeds (Cystoseira sedoides, Cystoseira compressa and Cystoseira crinita) and to evaluate their anti-radical, anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective activities.Methods
The different rates of neutral sugars, uronic acids, L-fucose and sulphate content were determined by colorimetric techniques. The different macromolecular characteristics of isolated fucoidans were identified by size exclusion chromatography equipped with a triple detection: multiangle light scattering, viscometer and differential refractive index detectors, (SEC/MALS/VD/DRI). Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated, using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema test in comparison to the references drugs Acetylsalicylate of Lysine and Diclofenac. The gastroprotective activity was determined using HCl/EtOH induced gastric ulcers in rats and to examine the antioxidant effect of fucoidans in the three species, the free radical scavenging activity was determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl.Results
The pharmacological evaluation of the isolated fucoidans for their anti-inflammatory, and their gastroprotective effect established that these products from C. sedoides, C. compressa and C. crinita exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory activity at a dose of 50 mg/kg, i.p; the percentages of inhibition of the oedema were 51%, 57% and 58% respectively. And, at the same dose, these fucoidans from C. sedoides and C. compressa showed a significant decrease of the intensity of gastric mucosal damages compared to a control group by 68%, whereas, the fucoidan from C. crinita produced a less gastroprotective effect. Furthermore, the isolated fucoidans exhibited a radical scavenging activity.Conclusion
The comparative study of fucoidans isolated from three species of the genus Cystoseira showed that they have similar chemicals properties and relatives anti-radical, anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective activities which are found to be promising. 相似文献6.
7.
U. Ordioni M. Hadj Saïd G. Thiery F. Campana J.-H. Catherine R. Lan 《International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery》2019,48(1):28-39
The aim of this study was to perform a critical review of published data on the epidemiological, aetiological, clinical, histological, biological, and therapeutic characteristics of patients with angina bullosa haemorrhagica (ABH). A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. All publications fulfilling the selection criteria were included in the eligibility assessment according to the PRISMA statement. The full texts of 54 retrieved articles were screened. Forty articles published between 1985 and 2016 describing 225 cases of ABH were finally selected. The mean age of the patients was 55.4 years; the male to female ratio was 0.7. The predominant localization was the palate (66%). A third of patients had no medical history. When specified, a triggering event or promoting factor was frequently found (82%). Biological tests were normal. A biopsy was performed on 35% of the patients. Treatment was symptomatic with a favourable outcome. Recurrences were frequent (62%). In conclusion, ABH is poorly documented and only by studies of low-level evidence. This review did not allow any aetiopathogenic association to be made with a general pathology or treatment. On the basis of this systematic review of the literature, diagnostic criteria aiming to improve the care of patients presenting with ABH are proposed. 相似文献
8.
R. Amode S. Hadj‐Rabia A.‐C. Bursztejn A. Phan F. Boralevi C. Droitcourt J. Mazereeuw‐Hautier M. Piram P. Plantin C. Absaq A. Lasek‐Duriez X. Balguierie A. Maruani A. Beauchet E. Mahé the Groupe de Recherche de la Société Française de Dermatologie Pédiatrique 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2016,30(8):1390-1392
9.
10.
Differential involvement of glutathione S‐transferase mu 1 and multidrug resistance protein 1 in melanoma acquired resistance to vinca alkaloids 下载免费PDF全文
Chaker Attaoua Laure‐Anaïs Vincent Aida Abdel Jaoued Kamel Hadj‐Kaddour Qiang Baï John De Vos Laurence Vian Pierre Cuq 《Fundamental & clinical pharmacology》2015,29(1):62-71
On account of its extreme intrinsic resistance to apoptosis and of its strong ability to become chemoresistant after a primary response to drugs, malignant melanoma (MM) is still a therapeutic challenge. We previously showed that glutathione S‐transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) acts in synergy with multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) to protect GSTM1‐transfected human CAL1 melanoma cells from toxic effects of vincristine (VCR). Herein, we investigated the role of these proteins in the acquired resistance of CAL1 cells to vinca alkaloids (VAs). Resistant lines were established by continuous exposure (>1 year) of parental CAL1‐wt cells to VCR, vindesine (VDS), or vinorelbine (VRB): CAL1R‐VCR, CAL1R‐VDS, CAL1R‐VRB, respectively. All resistant lines displayed more than 10‐fold increase in resistance to their selection VA, and specifically expressed GSTM1. Suggesting a direct interaction between this protein and VAs, each VA specifically decreased the GSTM1‐mediated glutathione conjugation activity in cell lysates. Curcumin (GSTM1 inhibitor), BSO (glutathione synthesis inhibitor), and MK571 (MRP1 inhibitor) considerably reversed the acquired resistance to VCR and VDS, but not to VRB. Microarray data analysis revealed similar gene expression patterns of CAL1R‐VCR and CAL1R‐VDS, and a distinct one for CAL1R‐VRB. These data suggest a differential involvement of GSTM1 and MRP1 in acquired resistance to VAs. A coordinated expression and activity of GSTM1 and MRP1 is required to protect CAL1 cells from VCR and VDS, while the simple expression of GSTM1 is sufficient, possibly by a direct drug/protein interaction, to confer resistance against VRB. 相似文献