全文获取类型
收费全文 | 668篇 |
免费 | 35篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 26篇 |
儿科学 | 43篇 |
妇产科学 | 46篇 |
基础医学 | 55篇 |
口腔科学 | 29篇 |
临床医学 | 66篇 |
内科学 | 99篇 |
皮肤病学 | 21篇 |
神经病学 | 51篇 |
特种医学 | 38篇 |
外科学 | 134篇 |
综合类 | 16篇 |
预防医学 | 16篇 |
眼科学 | 24篇 |
药学 | 35篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 7篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 18篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 15篇 |
2018年 | 18篇 |
2017年 | 18篇 |
2016年 | 26篇 |
2015年 | 31篇 |
2014年 | 27篇 |
2013年 | 40篇 |
2012年 | 48篇 |
2011年 | 61篇 |
2010年 | 29篇 |
2009年 | 29篇 |
2008年 | 41篇 |
2007年 | 50篇 |
2006年 | 36篇 |
2005年 | 53篇 |
2004年 | 46篇 |
2003年 | 34篇 |
2002年 | 25篇 |
2001年 | 11篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有708条查询结果,搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
2.
Kurt H Alioğlu C Karayazgan B Tuncer N Kılıçoğlu H 《European journal of orthodontics》2011,33(6):636-641
The aim of this research was to evaluate, within a controlled clinical study, the effects of a Delaire-type facemask or a modified Jasper Jumper (JJ) used in the treatment of children with Class III malocclusions due to maxillary retrognathia on temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Forty-six patients with Class III malocclusions referred for orthodontic treatment were divided into two groups, a test and a control. The test group comprised 33 randomly chosen patients (15 females, 18 males) aged 8-11 years. The control group included 13 patients (eight females, five males) with similar features. TMD assessment was performed before and after treatment using a two-axis questionnaire, the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMDs). Qualitative data were evaluated using chi-square and McNemar tests. No statistically significant differences related to the presence of TMD were observed pre- or post-treatment (P > 0.05). The most commonly encountered diagnosis was arthralgia in the JJ group both before and after treatment. Evaluation of joint and muscle regions showed decreased symptoms, apart from the diagnosed discomforts, in the JJ group (P < 0.05). Reduced symptoms were observed in the Delaire group; however, this reduction was not statistically significant. An increase, not considered to be statistically significant, was observed in the control group. The Delaire-type facemask and modified JJ used in the early phase of Class III malocclusion treatment did not result in TMD. 相似文献
3.
Hikmet Aydemir G?zlem Ceylan Tamer Tasdemir Elif Kalyoncuoglu Ibrahim Isildak 《Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB》2009,17(6):605-610
During mechanical preparation of the post space, the root canal filling may be twisted or vibrated, depending on several factors associated with the preparation technique and quality of filling.
Objective:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of immediate and delayed post space preparation on the integrity of the apical seal.Material and Methods:
Sixty-four extracted human incisors were biomechanically prepared using the step-back technique. Sixty roots were randomly assigned to 6 experimental groups of 10 teeth each and the remaining 4 roots served as positive and negative controls (n=2). The root canals in the different groups were obturated with cold lateral and warm vertical condensation of gutta-percha and one of two sealers (Sealapex and Diaket). Post space was prepared either individually or simultaneously. An insulated copper wire was cut into 10-cm-long pieces. In each canal, one piece was inserted to maintain contact with gutta-percha and extended to the outside as one of two working electrodes. A stainless steel wire with the same dimensions of those of the copper wire, used as the other working electrode, was immersed into the background electrolyte from the center of the bottle. The electrical current between standard and experimental electrodes in canals was measured over a period of 10 days applying a conductivity meter. The Kruskal-Wallis test (p=0.05) determined whether there was a significant difference in microleakage among the groups and the Mann-Whitney U test (p=0.01) was used for multiple comparison grouping variables.Results:
The results suggest that only the differences between the root canal filling techniques were statistically significant (p<0.01). There were no statistically significant difference in the sealers and the times of filling removal for post space preparation (p>0.01).Conclusion:
The quality of the root canal filling is important for the integrity of the apical seal. 相似文献4.
Background/aims: Nail biting is a common oral habit in children and young adults. However, its effect on the oral carriage of Enterobacteriaceae is unclear. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the differences in prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae in saliva samples from subjects with and without a nail‐biting habit. Methods: Saliva samples were taken from 25 subjects who were nail‐biters and 34 subjects with no oral habit. The mean chronological age for all subjects was 13.5 ± 1.9 years. The saliva samples were studied microbiologically. A Pearson chi‐squared test was performed to compare the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae in the saliva samples of the subjects with and without nail‐biting habits. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in the prevalence of Escherichia coli and total Enterobacteriaceae between both groups (P < 0.001). E. coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae and Enterobacter gergoviae were found in the saliva samples of 19 of the 25 nail‐biting subjects (76%), whereas E. coli, E. aerogenes and E. cloacae were detected in the saliva samples of only nine of the 34 subjects who were not nail‐biters (26.5%). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the Enterobacteriaceae were more prevalent in the oral cavities of children with nail‐biting habits than in children with no oral habit. 相似文献
5.
6.
Ozlem Altuntas Aydin Mucahit Yemisen Hayat Kumbasar Karaosmanoglu Fatma Sargin Alper Gunduz Bahadir Ceylan Bilgul Mete Nail Ozgunes Dilek Yildiz Sevgi Resat Ozaras Fehmi Tabak 《Hepatitis monthly》2014,14(8)
Background:
Rate of coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) varies in different countries. This may be attributable to common transmission routes as well as social, economic, and cultural factors.Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of HCV infection among HIV-positive patients in Istanbul, Turkey.Patients and Methods:
Since January 2006 to November 2013, 949 HIV-positive patients that were enrolled in this study by ACTHIV-IST (Action Against HIV in Istanbul) Study Group, which consists of five centers to follow up HIV-positive patients in Istanbul. Epidemiologic and clinical data were collected retrospectively from medical records and were transferred to an HIV database system.Results:
Among 949 patients, 84% were men and the mean age was 37.92 ± 11.54 years (range, 17-79). The most frequent route of transmission was heterosexual intercourse (48.8%), followed by men having sex with men (30.5%). Only nine patients (0.9%) had history of injection drug use (IDU). The prevalence of HIV/HCV coinfection was 0.9% (9:949). The IDU rate was 44.4% (4:9) in patients with HIV/HCV coinfection (three of them were not Turkish citizens), whereas this rate was only 0.6% (5:881) in patients with only HIV infection (P < 0.01). Genotypes 1b, 2a/2c, and 3 were determined in five, one, and two patients, respectively. Genotype could not be determined in one patient. History of residence in a foreign country (P < 0.01) and imprisonment (P < 0.01) were also considered as risk factors in terms of HIV/HCV coinfection.Conclusions:
Prevalence of HIV/HCV coinfection is considerably low in Turkey. The extremely rare prevalence of IDU might have a role in this low prevalence. 相似文献7.
Effect of indapamide on urinary calcium excretion in patients with and without urinary stone disease
Ceylan K Topal C Erkoc R Sayarlioglu H Can S Yilmaz Y Dogan E Algun E Gonulalan H 《The Annals of pharmacotherapy》2005,39(6):1034-1038
BACKGROUND: Indapamide is an antihypertensive agent similar to thiazides, but with some different effects. Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics are useful in preventing recurrent urinary stone formation due to their hypocalciuric effects. OBJECTIVE: To determine the hypocalciuric and other effects on certain laboratory parameters of indapamide 1.5 mg in different patient groups. METHODS: Four groups of patients recruited from urology and nephrology outpatient departments were experiencing non-hypercalciuric urinary stone disease (group 1), idiopathic hypercalciuria (group 2), urinary stone disease with hypercalciuria (group 3), and essential hypertension (group 4). In all patients, fasting serum uric acid, calcium, sodium, potassium, cholesterol, triglyceride, parathyroid hormone (PTH) values, and morning second-spot urine calcium and creatinine levels were assessed before and 8 weeks after treatment with indapamide. RESULTS: Urinary calcium excretion was reduced significantly in all groups: group 1 from 0.10 +/- 0.02 to 0.07 +/- 0.03 (mean +/-SD; 30% reduction; p < 0.001), group 2 from 0.30 +/- 0.15 to 0.15 +/- 0.10 (50% reduction; p < 0.001), group 3 from 0.35 +/- 0.15 to 0.20 +/- 0.10 (43% reduction; p < 0.001), and group 4 from 0.10 +/- 0.03 to 0.08 +/- 0.02 (20% reduction; p < 0.0010). These results should be interpreted with caution since no control group was included in this study. Mean serum uric acid and triglyceride levels were significantly increased, and mean PTH and potassium levels and diastolic and systolic blood pressure were significantly decreased in all groups. Few temporary adverse effects, such as dizziness and fatigue, were noticed and none of them caused discontinuation of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Indapamide 1.5 mg/day is effective in decreasing calciuria in patients with non-hypercalciuric urinary stone disease, idiopathic hypercalciuria, urinary stone disease with hypercalciuria, and essential hypertension. This could be achieved with few adverse effects similar to those of thiazides and indapamide 2.5 mg. Indapamide decreased the PTH levels in all groups. Long-term clinical benefits of these effects should be evaluated prospectively with further randomized studies. 相似文献
8.
Ceylan D. Windolf Wei Meng Tim T. Lögters Colin R. MacKenzie Joachim Windolf Sascha Flohé 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2013,31(12):2013-2020
Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is the most common causative agent for implant‐associated osteitis. The present study characterizes a novel model of a low grade acute SA osteitis with bone defect in the femur which is stabilized by a titanium locking plate. Wild‐type Balb/c mice were osteotomized, fixed by a locking plate and infected with SA. Mice underwent debridement 7 and 14 days later and were sacrificed at Day 28. At Days 7, 14, and 28 after inoculation local and systemic cell populations and IL‐6 were analyzed. Fracture healing was quantified by radiography. The control group underwent the same procedure without infection. The bacterial load of implant‐associated osteitis with biofilm formation was quantified by counting CFU and real‐time PCR. Fracture healing determined by radiography was delayed in infected compared to non‐infected mice. Throughout the investigation period CFU and leukocyte counts, as well as IL‐6 levels were found to be significantly elevated in infected mice at the infection site but not systemically. Our murine model allows the detailed investigation of implant associated localized osteitis with biofilm producing SA and its influence on fracture healing. The model provides a tool to analyze therapeutic or prophylactic approaches to the problem of biofilm‐associated osteitis. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:2013–2020, 2013 相似文献
9.
Daghan Isik M. Fethi Ceylan Savas Guner M. Ata Gokalp Bekir Atik 《European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie》2012,22(6):521-525
Pes equinovarus is a congenital disease that can be successfully treated with serial casting and percutaneous achillotomy at the newborn stage in most of the cases. Complex surgical interventions are required for patients presenting at advanced age for correction of this deformity. The main problem encountered in the treatment for neglected pes equinovarus cases is repairing the posteromedial skin defect of the ankle due to surgical correction of this deformity. The sural flap is frequently used in the repair of a number of skin defects on the ankles, although reports on the use of this flap in pes equinovarus surgery are scarce. In this article, the technical details of sural flap application in cases with neglected pes equinovarus and the preliminary results of three extremities treated with this method have been presented. 相似文献
10.
Mehmet T. Koylu Gokcen Gokce Yusuf Uysal Osman M. Ceylan Dorukcan Ak?nc?oglu Armagan Gunal 《Saudi medical journal》2015,36(10):1205-1209