抑郁症患者血清 Galectin-3、Netrin-1、IL-33水平与其认知功能损害的关系

目的 探讨抑郁症患者血清半乳糖凝集素-3(Galectin-3)、神经轴突导向因子-1(Netrin-1)、白介素-33(IL-33)水平表达,分析其与患者认知功能损害的关系.方法 选取2016年1月至2019年12月我科收治的抑郁症患者130例作为研究对象(抑郁症组).同期,另选取我院体检健康志愿者100例(对照组).采用酶联免疫吸附法检测两组血清Galectin-3、Netrin-1、IL-33水平.采用智力状态检查量表(MMSE)评估患者认知功能受损程度.采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响抑郁症患者认知功能损害的危险因素.结果 抑郁症组血清Galectin-3、IL-33水平高于对照组,血清Netrin-1低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).认知障碍组血清Galectin-3、Netrin-1、IL-33、HAMD-17评分和MMSE评分与认知正常组血清Galectin-3、Netrin-1、IL-33、HAMD-17评分和MMSE评分相比,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).多因素Logistic回归分析显示,血清Galectin-3、IL-33、HAMD-17评分升高和血清Netrin-1降低是影响抑郁症患者认知功能损害的独立危险因素(P＜0.05).ROC曲线结果显示,血清Galectin-3、Netrin-1、IL-33及三者联合检测预测患者认知功能损害的AUC分别为0.801、0.788、0.843和0.910.结论 抑郁症患者血清GaIectin-3、IL-33水平升高及Netrin-1水平降低,与患者认知功能损害密切相关,联合检测血清Galectin-3、Netrin-1、IL-33对抑郁症患者认知功能损害的预测价值更高,从而有助于尽早进行预防.     

Catheter‐directed Thrombolysis in Acute Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Caused by Central Venous Catheters

Indwelling central venous catheters have been reported to increase the risk of superior venous cava (SVC) syndrome. This case report describes the development of acute SVC syndrome in a 28‐year‐old woman with end‐stage renal disease implanted with a left‐side hemodialysis reliable outflow graft and a right‐side double lumen hemodialysis catheter via internal jugular veins. Her symptoms were not alleviated after catheter removal and systemic anticoagulation therapy. She was eventually treated with catheter‐directed thrombolysis and a predischarge computer tomographic venogram on postthrombolytic procedure day 7 showed patent central veins and patient remained asymptomatic. This case demonstrates that catheter‐directed thrombolysis can be safely employed to treat refractory catheter‐induced acute SVC syndrome in end‐stage renal disease patients.     

Epidermoid Cyst—A Rare Mediastinal Mass

Gallstone disease is a common gastrointestinal problem in day-to-day practice. The Old concept that a typical gallstone sufferer is fat, fertile, flatulent female of 50. This is partially true as the disease has been found in women soon after their first delivery who are thin and underweight and in males also. Conditions that favor the formation of cholesterol gallstones are super saturation of bile with cholesterol, kinetically favorable nucleation and presence of cholesterol crystals in the gall bladder long enough to agglomerate into a stone. Recent studies have defined the role of trace elements (Fe, Ca, Zn and Cu) and defective pH in the formation of gallstones. The aim of the study was to correlate iron-deficiency anemia with gallstone disease. To estimate the serum ferritin level as a diagnostic tool of iron deficiency anemia in patients with gallstone disease, this prospective study of 100 patients was conducted over a period of 24 months in the Department of General Surgery, Jaipur Golden Hospital, New Delhi, India. Serum cholesterol, iron and ferritin levels were compared in patients having gallstones and healthy individuals. A low serum iron level is a factor in bile super saturation with respect to cholesterol, leading to gallstone formation.     

Posttraumatic mandibular deformities

In covering the Emergency Department, the Plastic Surgeon can be faced with the mandibular fracture patient. Although the timely repair of the fracture usually leads to normal function and appearance, occasionally the surgeon is faced with the untoward sequelae of the mandible fracture. Post-traumatic mandibular deformities include non-union, malunion, malocclusion, TMJ dysfuction, and facial asymmetry. The difficulty in treatment of these deformities can be compounded by edentulous mandibles, substance abuse, and approach controversies such as the timing of the repair and surgical versus non-surgical management. Knowledge of the post-traumatic mandibular deformities by the treating physician not only assists in their management but may also allow for their prevention.     

GPC5基因在肺腺癌细胞系中的功能研究

目的 研究GPC5基因在肺腺癌细胞系中的表达情况及其对肺腺癌细胞系生物学行为的影响.方法 采用逆转录PCR (RT-PCR)、实时定量PCR (qRT-PCR)以及Western blot分析肺腺癌细胞系中GPC5基因mRNA及蛋白表达情况;构建GPC5过表达载体及干扰载体,通过转染构建GPC5过表达细胞系及GPC5沉默细胞系;利用CCK-8法分析肺腺癌细胞系生长情况;通过流式细胞术检测肺腺癌细胞系的周期及凋亡变化.结果 检测了GPC5基因在4株肺腺癌细胞系(A549、H1299、H358和H1975)和1株肺正常上皮细胞系(HBE)中的mRNA表达情况,发现与HBE细胞系相比,GPC5基因在A549细胞系中呈低表达,在H1299细胞系中高表达,同时蛋白检测结果与mRNA水平一致;A549细胞中过表达GPC5基因可抑制细胞生长,引起细胞周期阻滞;在H1299细胞中干扰GPC5基因表达促进细胞生长,促进细胞周期;在过表达和干扰细胞模型中均未发现GPC5基因对细胞凋亡的显著影响.结论 GPC5基因可以对肺腺癌细胞系的生物学行为产生影响,可能是肺腺癌的抑癌基因.     

Cordycepin prevents oxidative stress-induced inhibition of osteogenesis

Oxidative stress is known to be involved in impairment of osteogenesis and age-related osteoporosis. Cordycepin is one of the major bioactive components of Cordyceps militaris that has been shown to exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, there are few reports available regarding the effects of cordycepin on osteogenesis and the underlying mechanism. In this study, we investigated the potential osteoprotective effects of cordycepin and its mechanism systematically using both in vitro model as well as in vivo mouse models. We discovered that hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) induced inhibition of osteogenesis which was rescued by cordycepin treatment in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Cordycepin exerted its protective effects partially by increasing or decreasing expression of osteogenic and osteoclastogenesis marker genes. Treatment with cordycepin increased Wnt-related genes'' expression whereas supplementation of Wnt pathway inhibitor reversed its protective effects. In addition, administration of cordycepin promoted osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs by reducing oxidative stress in both ovariectomized and aged animal models. Taken together, these results support the protective effects of cordycepin on oxidative stress induced inhibition of osteogenesis by activation of Wnt pathway.     

Internal target volume for post-hysterectomy vaginal recurrences of cervical cancers during image-guided radiotherapy

Objective:

The outcome of post-surgical recurrences of cervical cancer may be improved through radiation dose escalation, which hinges on accurate identification and treatment of the target. The present study quantifies target motion during course of image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) for vault cancers.

Methods:

All patients underwent planning CT simulation after bladder-filling protocol. A daily pre-treatment megavoltage CT was performed. All translations and rotations were recorded. Post-registration displacement of gross tumour volume (GTV) and centre of mass (COM) of GTV was independently recorded by two observers for fractions one to seven. Day 1 image sets served as reference images against which the displacements of COM were measured. We calculated the displacements of common volume (CV) and encompassing volume (EV) of GTV for both the observers.

Results:

A total of 90 image data sets of 15 patients were available for evaluation. Individual patient GTV and average GTV by both the observers were comparable. The average shifts for EV were 2.4 mm [standard deviation (SD) ±1.2] in the mediolateral, 4.2 mm (SD ±2.8) in the anteroposterior and 4.0 mm (SD ±2.1) in superoinferior directions. Similarly, the average shifts for CV were 1.9 mm (SD ±0.6) in the mediolateral, 3.7 mm (SD ±2.7) in the anteroposterior and 4.4 mm (SD ±2.7) in superoinferior directions. Using Stroom''s/van Herk''s formula, the minimum recommended margins would be 4.5/5.2, 8.2/9.4 and 7.3/8.3 mm, respectively, for lateral, anteroposterior and superoinferior directions.

Conclusion:

Differential directional internal margin is recommended in patients undergoing IGRT for post-surgical recurrence of cervical cancers.

Advances in knowledge:

Internal organ motion of vault cancers can be accounted for by a directional margin to the gross tumour.     

Static Ataxia as a Psychobiological Marker for Alcoholism

Sons and daughters of male alcoholics were compared with the sons and daughters of controls on two measures of static ataxia. Increased sway was seen in the children of the alcoholic fathers who had an average of 3.7 first- and second-degree relatives meeting criteria for alcoholism. The possibility that static ataxia may be a psychobiological marker for the more genetically mediated variant of alcoholism is discussed.