银屑病与心血管疾病发病相关性

银屑病是一种病因不明的慢性、复发性、炎症性疾病,主要表现为皮肤损害。心血管疾病近年来逐渐位居全球疾病负担的首位,已经成为各国政府重点关注的公共卫生问题。银屑病高风险并发心血管疾病的病例显示,银屑病可能是诱发心血管疾病的危险因素之一。研究银屑病与心血管疾病发病相关性有利于进一步认识这两种复杂的慢性病,并为之提供更为多样的诊疗方式。本文从发病相关机制等方面对近年来银屑病与心血管疾病发病相关性进行简要综述。     

放射性同位素示踪技术在药物研发过程中的应用

药物的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄过程决定了药物分子在体内的过程和命运。作为常规生物样本检测技术的有效补充,放射性同位素标记示踪技术如今也被广泛应用于药物发现和开发过程中的各个阶段。特别是其高灵敏性、适用范围广的特点使其具有不可比拟的优势。通过对近年来放射性标记技术在药物评价领域中的应用进行了归纳和梳理,为药物研发相关领域研究人员提供可借鉴的参考。     

Full-length but not truncated CD34 inhibits hematopoietic cell differentiation of M1 cells

CD34 is expressed on human and murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and its clinical usefulness for isolation of stem/progenitor cells has been well established. Although expression of CD34 is regulated in a developmental stage-specific manner, the function of CD34 is not known. Recently we have shown that both a full-length and truncated form of CD34 protein is expressed by hematopoietic cells (Blood 84:691, 1994). To test whether failure to suppress either form of CD34 could affect terminal myeloid differentiation, we constitutively expressed these CD34 proteins in murine M1 myeloid leukemia cells, which can be terminally differentiated to macrophages by treatment with interleukin-6 of leukemia inhibitory factor. Surprisingly our results show that forced expression of the full-length but not the truncated form of CD34 impedes terminal differentiation by these agents. Because the difference between the two forms of CD34 protein resides in the length of their respective cytoplasmic tail domains, our findings strongly suggest that the cytoplasmic domain region of full-length CD34 is responsible for the observed maturation arrest phenotype. These findings suggest a potential negative regulatory role for full-length CD34 in hematopoietic cell differentiation and may explain, at least in part, the block in maturation observed in CD34+ acute myeloid leukemia.     

Does Participatory Decision Making Improve Hypertension Self‐Care Behaviors and Outcomes?

This study examined patients' perceptions of their providers' participatory decision making (PDM) style and hypertension self-care behaviors and outcomes. Five hundred fifty-four veterans with hypertension enrolled in the Veterans' Study to Improve the Control of Hypertension rated providers' PDM styles using a validated 3-item instrument. Behaviors assessed included presence of a home blood pressure monitor, monitoring frequency, and self-reported antihypertensive medication adherence. Overall, veterans with hypertension rated providers as highly participatory. In adjusted analyses, a lower PDM score was associated with decreased odds of having a home monitor (odds ratio, 0.90 per 10-point decrement in PDM score; 95% confidence interval, 0.83-0.98) but not with monitoring frequency, adherence, or blood pressure control. Providers' involvement of patients in decision making, reflected in ratings of PDM style, may be important to securing patients' participation in their own care, but alone this factor seems insufficient. No relationship between PDM score and blood pressure control was observed.     

藏族初中生心理健康状况与应对方式的关系研究

目的 了解应对方式对藏族初中生心理健康状况的影响。方法 采用自编的一般资料,中学生心理健康评定量表、简易应对方式问卷对786名藏族初中生进行问卷调查。结果 分层回归分析显示,第一层人口变量中上学方式、年级、家庭人均月收入、是否留守、学习成绩进入藏族初中生心理健康状况的回归方程(F=8.526,P=0.000),控制人口变量后,应对方式能独立解释心理健康状况21.70%的方差变异。结论 住校、初一、留守、学习成绩差、家庭收入低的藏族初中生心理健康状况差;管理者加强应对技巧的培训,能改善藏族初中生的心理健康状况。     

应用锥形束CT对华南地区924颗下颌第1磨牙的根管形态学研究

目的应用锥形束CT(cone beam computed tomography,CBCT)观察下颌第1磨牙的根管解剖形态,为临床根管治疗提供参考依据。方法由两名牙体牙髓专业医生筛选我院口腔科自2014年12月至2015年12月进行CBCT检查的500名患者,共计924颗下颌第1磨牙的影像资料,分别记录患者的基本信息、牙位、根管构型及钙化情况,并进行统计学分析。结果 424名存在双侧下颌第1磨牙的患者中,76.2%(323)根管构型完全对称。924颗下颌第1磨牙中,双根率为76.7%(709),3根率即远舌根发生率为23.3%(215);近中根最常见根管类型为Vertucci Ⅳ型,占71.97%(665),其次为Ⅱ型,占23.70%(219);远中根最常见根管类型为Ⅰ型,占49.35%(458),其次为Ⅳ型占31.82%(292)。存在远舌根时,远舌根管口与远颊根管口距离为(2.94±0.27)mm。下颌第1磨牙根管钙化率与年龄有关,老年人钙化率高,中年人次之。结论华南地区人群下颌第1磨牙根管形态多样,变异性较大;CBCT是观察根管形态的有效工具,可以为根管治疗提供辅助诊断。