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1.

Background

International sports programs have established pre‐participation athletic screening procedures as an essential component to identify athletes that are at a high risk of becoming injured. The Functional Movement Screen (FMS™) is a screening instrument intended to evaluate deficiencies in the mobility and stability of an athlete that might be linked to injury. To date, there are no published normative values for the FMS™ in adolescent school aged children. The purpose of this study was to establish normative values for the FMS™ in adolescent school aged children (10 to 17 years). Secondary aims were to investigate whether the performance differed between boys and girls and between those with or without previous history of injury.

Methods

1005 adolescent school students, including both males and females between the ages of 10 and 17 years who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were selected for the study. The test administration procedures, instructions and scoring process associated with the standardized version of the test were followed in order to ensure accuracy in scoring. The components of the FMS™ include the deep squat, hurdle step, in‐line lunge, shoulder mobility, active straight leg raise, trunk stability push up, and rotary stability.

Results

The mean composite FMS™ score was 14.59 (CI 14.43 ‐ 14.74) out of a possible total of 21. There was a statistically significant difference in scores between females and males (p= .000). But no statistically significant difference in scores existed between those who reported a previous injury and those who did not report previous injury (p=.300). The variables like age (r= ‐.038, p=.225), height(r= .065, p= .040), weight (r=.103, p=.001) did not show a strong correlations with the mean composite score.

Conclusion

This study provides normative values for the FMS™ in adolescent school aged children, which could assist in evaluation of functional mobility and stability in this population.

Level of evidence

2c  相似文献   
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ObjectiveTo isolate and identify of marine fungal metabolites against clinical bacterial pathogens. To optimize the production medium for isolated fungus.MethodMarine fungus isolated from water and sediment samples from different places of Sundarbans mangrove, Muttukadu (Chennai) and Parangipettai in India. Antimicrobial substance from marine fungi was produced by agar plate method. The potent fungal were inoculated on production medium and extracted was done. The extracted compound was checked for anti bacterial activity. Suitable production medium were optimized.ResultTotally 30 fungal isolates were recovered and morphologically 10 different strains were belongs to the fungal genera such as Fusarium, Aspergillus, Mucor and Penicillium. Preliminary screening results showed 3 fungal isolates showed promising activity. After production of potent fungal SS2 crude extracts showed highest inhibition against the bacterial pathogens out of 3 fungal isolates. The results showed maximum zone in 20mm against E. coli and minimum 10 mm against Vibrio sp.ConclusionsThe present study identified Fusarium sp isolated from Sundarbans mangrove water as a potential source for bioactive compounds. Further isolation of active compound from potential fungal isolates will leads to the discovery of effective antimicrobials.  相似文献   
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Urinary tract injuries during obstetric intervention   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
A retrospective case record review of obstetric urinary tract injury in the Grampian region from 1976 to 1993 identified 16 cases of bladder injury (0.1 per 1000 deliveries, 1.4 per 1000 caesarean sections and four cases of ureteric injury (0.03 per 1000 deliveries, 0.27 per 1000 caesarean sections). Diagnosis of bladder injury was immediate, but of ureteric injury often delayed. Although the injury rates are lower than previously reported and previously reported risk factors not confirmed, this audit has resulted in guidelines for junior staff, compliance with which will be monitored, and every case of urinary tract injury will be reviewed.  相似文献   
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OBJECTIVE: The objective was to evaluate the extent of geometric and positional variations of two different applicators during multiple high-dose-rate (HDR) intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) in carcinoma cervix and its implication on reporting as per International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurement (ICRU) Report 38. METHODS: Fifty patients, following teletherapy, were randomly allocated to two groups of 25 each. They received a dose of 6 Gy to point A during each of the three HDR ICBT applications by either a flexible Ralstron or a rigid geometry Rotterdam applicator. The various applicator components related to its geometry and their Cartesian coordinates were evaluated from orthogonal films. The doses to ICRU bladder, rectal, pelvic, lymphatic trapezoid points, and dimensions of 6-Gy ICRU height, width, thickness, and volume were estimated for each application. RESULTS: Significant variation was observed with the three HDR ICBT applications for each group, for all components and for both applicators, although it was relatively more with the flexible Ralstron applicator. The average shift in each of the coordinates of os, uterine tip, and ovoids was around 10 mm for both groups. These resulted in significant variations in all the ICRU Report 38 reporting parameters for three insertions in any given patient and across 25 patients of both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple HDR ICBT applications led to significant variation in the applicator geometry and its positions in pelvis, irrespective of the applicator rigidity. This results in uncertainties in reporting as per ICRU Report 38 guidelines, and thus calls for its revision.  相似文献   
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