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排序方式: 共有395条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Tanya L. Packer America Fracini Åsa Audulv Neda Alizadeh Betsie G.I. van Gaal Grace Warner George Kephart 《Patient education and counseling》2018,101(4):579-595
Objectives
To identify self-report, self-management measures for adults with chronic conditions, and describe their purpose, theoretical foundation, dimensionality (multi versus uni), and scope (generic versus condition specific).Methods
A search of four databases (8479 articles) resulted in a scoping review of 28 self-management measures.Results
Although authors identified tools as measures of self-management, wide variation in constructs measured, purpose, and theoretical foundations existed. Subscales on 13 multidimensional tools collectively measure domains of self-management relevant to clients, however no one tool’s subscales cover all domains.Conclusions
Viewing self-management as a complex, multidimensional whole, demonstrated that existing measures assess different, related aspects of self-management. Activities and social roles, though important to patients, are rarely measured. Measures with capacity to quantify and distinguish aspects of self-management may promote tailored patient care.Practice implications
In selecting tools for research or assessment, the reason for development, definitions, and theories underpinning the measure should be scrutinized. Our ability to measure self-management must be rigorously mapped to provide comprehensive and system-wide care for clients with chronic conditions. Viewing self-management as a complex whole will help practitioners to understand the patient perspective and their contribution in supporting each individual patient. 相似文献2.
研究生一年级学生运动等级与其健康状况的相关性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:调查研究生一年级学生的体育锻炼和健康状况,并分析其相关性。方法:调查于2005-09/10完成。选取西南大学和重庆大学2005级研究生一年级学生作为调查对象,共发放问卷190份,男90份,女100份。进行问卷调查,当场收回问卷。问卷内容:①自测健康评定量表:由48个条目构成,1~17为自测生理健康评定子量表(170~0分),19~34为自测心理健康子量表(150~0分),35~47为自测社会健康子量表(120~0分),分数越高代表越健康。②体育活动等级量表:主要调查调查对象上1个月参加体育锻炼的运动量,运动量=强度×时间×频率,强度与频率从1~5等级分别计1~5分,时间从1~5等级分别计0~4分,故运动量最高分为100分,最低分为0分。结果:有效回收176份问卷进入结果分析。①不同性别调查对象在运动等级上的分布情况:研究生一年级男女新生的运动量水平都偏低(男生:31.80±23.19,女生:15.57±15.39),且性别对运动量有显著的主效应(P<0.01),女生在运动量上的得分显著偏低。②调查对象健康状况各维度与运动量的相关性:运动量与总体健康、生理健康、心理健康和社会健康都存在显著相关性(r=0.150~0.238,P<0.05~0.01),生理健康对运动量有显著的预测作用(P<0.05)。③不同运动量等级调查对象的健康量表得分:运动等级对生理健康有显著的主效应(P<0.01),随着运动量的增加,研究生一年级学生的生理健康水平不断提高。结论:研究生一年级学生的体育锻炼运动量与健康水平存在着明显的正相关,随着运动量的增加,生理健康、心理健康及社会健康水平均不断增加。 相似文献
3.
A multilaboratory study was conducted to develop a system for standardizing alanine aminotransferase (ALT) acceptability criteria ("cutoffs") for donated blood. Without standardized cutoffs, each laboratory must develop its own cutoff, and this may not make optimal use of ALT testing to reduce transmission of non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANB). Defining an ALT acceptability criterion in absolute terms is necessary because relative cutoffs based on local donor populations may be affected by the prevalence of NANB in each community. This study involved 16 laboratories using 23 different analytic systems. The ALT results of the analysis of a plasma reference sample could be used to translate mathematically a single, absolute cutoff to units applicable to each analytic system. The distribution of ALT results in 1.4 million donations from across the country was established; basing the cutoff on this sample avoids the problems inherent in using a local donor base to establish a cutoff. We propose the implementation of a system to standardize ALT acceptability criteria to an activity level defined by analysis of a nationwide donor sample. 相似文献
4.
Jhon A. Ochoa-Alvarez Harini Krishnan John G. Pastorino Evan Nevel David Kephart Joseph J. Lee Edward P. Retzbach Yongquan Shen Mahnaz Fatahzadeh Soly Baredes Evelyne Kalyoussef Masaru Honma Martin E. Adelson Mika K. Kaneko Yukinari Kato Mary Ann Young Lisa Deluca-Rapone Alan J. Shienbaum Kingsley Yin Lasse D. Jensen Gary S. Goldberg 《Oncotarget》2015,6(11):9045-9060
Podoplanin (PDPN) is a unique transmembrane receptor that promotes tumor cell motility. Indeed, PDPN may serve as a chemotherapeutic target for primary and metastatic cancer cells, particularly oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells that cause most oral cancers. Here, we studied how a monoclonal antibody (NZ-1) and lectin (MASL) that target PDPN affect human OSCC cell motility and viability. Both reagents inhibited the migration of PDPN expressing OSCC cells at nanomolar concentrations before inhibiting cell viability at micromolar concentrations. In addition, both reagents induced mitochondrial membrane permeability transition to kill OSCC cells that express PDPN by caspase independent nonapoptotic necrosis. Furthermore, MASL displayed a surprisingly robust ability to target PDPN on OSCC cells within minutes of exposure, and significantly inhibited human OSCC dissemination in zebrafish embryos. Moreover, we report that human OSCC cells formed tumors that expressed PDPN in mice, and induced PDPN expression in infiltrating host murine cancer associated fibroblasts. Taken together, these data suggest that antibodies and lectins may be utilized to combat OSCC and other cancers that express PDPN. 相似文献
5.
International Headache Society classification: interobserver reliability in the diagnosis of primary headaches 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
F Granella R D'Alessandro GC Manzoni R Cerbo C Colucci D'Amato LA Pini L Savi C Zanferrari G Nappi 《Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache》1994,14(1):16-20
We assessed interobserver reliability of the International Headache Society (IBIS) classification for diagnosis of primary headaches. The study was performed on 103 patients consecutively seen at two Headache Centres. Each patient was given a structured interview recorded on videotape. Four experienced clinicians then reviewed the interviews separately and made a diagnosis of headache according to IHS criteria at the one- and two-digit levels. At both the one- and the two-digit level the agreement was substantial (Kappa = 0.74 and 0.65, respectively). The analysis of reliability for each of nine items necessary for diagnosis showed an agreement ranging from substantial (Kappa = 0.69) to almost perfect (Kappa = 0.89). Our results indicate that the IHS classification has a good reliability for the diagnosis of primary headaches at the one- and two-digit levels. 相似文献
6.
目的:以病理活检结果为金标准,评估多普勒超声检查对移植肾排斥反应的诊断价值。方法:选择2003—01/2006—12在中国医科大学附属第一医院器官移植科行肾移植并在术后行超声检查的患者176例,均知情同意。①实验分组:根据术后移植肾功能分为2组,移植肾功能不良组78例,其中30例次行病理活检;移植肾功能正常组98例。②实验方法及评估:对患者移植肾行多普勒超声检查,参数选择峰收缩期流速、平均舒张期流速、阻力指数及血管显示率。血管显示率的评估标准(0~5级):0级为肾动脉及其远侧血管未显示;5级为肾各级血管均显示良好。以病理活检结果为金标准,分别选取阻力指数=0.7,0.75,0.8,0.85为诊断界值进行诊断试验。结果:169例患者进入结果分析,脱落7例。①峰收缩期流速、平均舒张期流速不呈正态分布,无法作为肾功能评价指标。30例次病理活检中共有28例次被确诊为排斥反应,急性排斥反应15例次,慢性排斥反应13例次。②肾功能正常组患者中血管显示率5级者占63.30%,4级者占36.73%。肾功能不良组患者中血管显示率4级者占41.03%,3级者占46.15%,2级者占10.30%,1级者占2.60%。③移植肾功能不良组患者阻力指数显著高于移植肾功能正常组(P〈0.01)。移植肾功能不良组患者移植肾功能恢复后阻力指数显著低于移植肾尚未恢复时(P〈0.01),其中99%以上的患者△(阻力指数)≥0.20。④界值阻力指数=0.75的诊断试验的敏感性、特异性和准确性最高,均达到100%。结论:当移植肾血管阻力指数升高至0.75以上,特别是同一患者自身对照升高超过0.2以上和或血管显示率低于4级,结合临床表现和生化结果,提示可能出现移植肾排斥反应。 相似文献
7.
8.
Antony George Attokaran FRACP FCICM Mahesh Ramanan MMed FCICM Lisa Hunt MBBS Kavita Chandra MBBS Rajbir Sandha FACEM Stacey Watts RN BN GC Balasubramanian Venkatesh MD FCICM FAHMS 《Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA》2023,35(4):657-663
Objective
To test the hypothesis that fluid resuscitation in the ED with plasmalyte-148 (PL) compared with 0.9% sodium chloride (SC) would result in a lower proportion of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission.Methods
We performed a prespecified nested cohort study at two hospitals within a cluster, crossover, open label, randomised, controlled trial comparing the effects of PL versus SC as fluid therapy for patients who presented to the ED with DKA. All patients presenting within a fixed recruitment period were included. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients admitted to ICU.Results
Eighty-four patients were enrolled (SC n = 38, PL n = 46). The SC group had a lower median pH on admission (SC: 7.09 [interquartile range (IQR) 7.01–7.21], PL: 7.17 [IQR 6.99–7.26]). The median volume of intravenous fluids administered in ED was 2150 mL (IQR 2000–3200 mL; SC) and 2200 mL (IQR 2000–3450; PL); respectively. A higher proportion of patients in the SC group, 19 (50%), was admitted to ICU compared with PL group, 18 (39.1%); however, after adjustment for pH at presentation and diabetes type in a multivariable logistic regression model, the PL group did not have a significantly different rate of ICU admission compared with the SC group (odds ratio for ICU admission 0.73, 95% confidence interval 0.13–3.97, P = 0.71).Conclusion
Patients with DKA treated with PL compared with SC in the EDs had similar rates of requiring ICU admission. 相似文献9.
Geoffrey Porter Robin Urquhart Jingyu Bu Cynthia Kendell Maureen MacIntyre Ron Dewar George Kephart Yukiko Asada Eva Grunfeld 《Health research policy and systems / BioMed Central》2012,10(1):4
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in Canada and accounts for 11.9% of all cancer-related mortality. Fortunately, previous studies have provided evidence of improved outcomes from access to timely and appropriate health services along the disease trajectory in CRC. As a result, the CIHR/CCNS Team in Access to Colorectal Cancer Services in Nova Scotia (Team ACCESS) was created to build colorectal cancer (CRC) research capacity in Nova Scotia (NS) and to study access to and quality of CRC services along the entire continuum of cancer care. 相似文献10.
Eelco AB Over GC Wanda Wendel-Vos Matthijs van den Berg Heleen H Hamberg-van Reenen Luqman Tariq Rudolf T Hoogenveen Pieter HM van Baal 《Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E》2012,10(1):1-7