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Mark DP Willcox 《Clinical & experimental optometry》2019,102(4):350-363
This article summarises research undertaken since 1993 in the Willcox laboratory at the University of New South Wales, Sydney on the tear film, its interactions with contact lenses, and the use of tears as a source of biomarkers for ocular and non‐ocular diseases. The proteome, lipidome and glycome of tears all contribute to important aspects of the tear film, including its structure, its ability to defend the ocular surface against microbes and to help heal ocular surface injuries. The tear film interacts with contact lenses in vivo and interactions between tears and lenses can affect the biocompatibility of lenses, and may be important in mediating discomfort responses during lens wear. Suggestions are made for follow‐up research. 相似文献
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Benyam Kinde Harrison W. Gabel Caitlin S. Gilbert Eric C. Griffith Michael E. Greenberg 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2015,112(22):6800-6806
DNA methylation at CpG dinucleotides is an important epigenetic regulator common to virtually all mammalian cell types, but recent evidence indicates that during early postnatal development neuronal genomes also accumulate uniquely high levels of two alternative forms of methylation, non-CpG methylation and hydroxymethylation. Here we discuss the distinct landscape of DNA methylation in neurons, how it is established, and how it might affect the binding and function of protein readers of DNA methylation. We review studies of one critical reader of DNA methylation in the brain, the Rett syndrome protein methyl CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2), and discuss how differential binding affinity of MeCP2 for non-CpG and hydroxymethylation may affect the function of this methyl-binding protein in the nervous system. 相似文献
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Christine Mlzer Sucharita P. Shankar Vlad Masalski May Griffith Lucia Kuffov John V. Forrester 《Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine》2019,13(9):1507-1517
We showed previously that 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylamino‐propyl)‐carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) cross‐linked recombinant human collagen III hydrogels promoted stable regeneration of the human cornea (continued nerve and stromal cell repopulation) for over 4 years. However, as EDC cross linking kinetics were difficult to control, we additionally tested a sterically bulky carbodiimide. Here, we compared the effects of two carbodiimide cross linkers—bulky, aromatic N‐cyclohexyl‐N0‐(2‐morpholinoethyl)‐carbodiimide (CMC), and nonbulky EDC—in a mouse corneal graft model. Murine corneas undergoing full‐thickness implantation with these gels became opaque due to dense retro‐corneal membranes (RCM). Corneal epithelial cytokeratin 12 and alpha smooth muscle actin indicative of functional tissue regeneration and wound contraction were observed in RCM surrounding both hydrogel types. However, quantitatively different levels of infiltrating CD11c+ dendritic cells (DC) were found, suggesting a hydrogel‐specific innate immune response. More DC infiltrated the stroma surrounding EDC‐N‐hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) hydrogels concurrently with higher fibrosis‐associated tenascin c expression. The opposite was true for CMC‐NHS gels that had previously been shown to be more tolerising to DC. In vitro studies showed that DC cultured with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) induced fibroblasts to secrete more tenascin c than those cultured with lipopolysaccharide and this effect was blocked by TGF‐β1 neutralisation. Furthermore, tenascin c staining was found in 40‐ to 50μm long membrane nanotubes formed in fibroblast/DC cocultures. We suggest that TGF‐β1 alternatively activated (tolerising) DC regulate fibroblast‐mediated tenascin c secretion, possibly via local production of TGF‐β1 in early wound contraction, and that this is indirectly modulated by different hydrogel chemistries. 相似文献
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Mejía Anilena Bertello Lucía Gil Johany Griffith Jaravis López Ana Isabel Moreno Milena Calam Rachel 《International journal of mental health and addiction》2020,18(2):482-499
International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction - Family skills training programs (FSTPs) are the interventions of choice for the prevention of alcohol and drug use worldwide. However, the... 相似文献
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Christopher C. Griffith Lindsay A. Goodstein Madalina Tuluc Anthony Prestipino David Cognetti Joseph Spiegel Raja R. Seethala 《Head and neck pathology》2015,9(3):421-425
Carcinoma cuniculatum (CC), a rare, well-differentiated variant of squamous cell carcinoma, is uncommon in head and neck sites but when it does occur is most common in the oral cavity. Here we report a rare case of CC involving the larynx. A 49-year-old man presented with 10 months of worsening hoarseness and, despite multiple biopsies, no diagnosis of malignancy could be established. Eventual partial excision of the lesion and histologic review of prior specimens confirmed the diagnosis of CC. Focally, a transition to respiratory epithelium indicated the presence of an associated saccular cyst. Total laryngectomy was performed and 6 months later the patient is free of disease. Only two prior cases of CC have been reported in the larynx. Diagnosis of CC is challenging given the low grade histologic features and awareness of this entity for both treating physicians and the pathologist is important to reach a diagnosis of malignancy. This case highlights the challenges in diagnosis of CC, especially in unusual locations and when associated with other lesions such as a saccular cyst. Awareness of this rare tumor type combined with close communication between treating clinicians, radiologists and pathologists should allow earlier diagnosis and treatment. 相似文献