收费全文 | 7057篇 |
免费 | 455篇 |
国内免费 | 13篇 |
耳鼻咽喉 | 100篇 |
儿科学 | 210篇 |
妇产科学 | 97篇 |
基础医学 | 1186篇 |
口腔科学 | 183篇 |
临床医学 | 578篇 |
内科学 | 1541篇 |
皮肤病学 | 209篇 |
神经病学 | 560篇 |
特种医学 | 396篇 |
外国民族医学 | 2篇 |
外科学 | 1175篇 |
综合类 | 58篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 469篇 |
眼科学 | 92篇 |
药学 | 349篇 |
中国医学 | 3篇 |
肿瘤学 | 316篇 |
2021年 | 78篇 |
2020年 | 62篇 |
2019年 | 82篇 |
2018年 | 110篇 |
2017年 | 80篇 |
2016年 | 133篇 |
2015年 | 134篇 |
2014年 | 159篇 |
2013年 | 226篇 |
2012年 | 316篇 |
2011年 | 367篇 |
2010年 | 163篇 |
2009年 | 178篇 |
2008年 | 308篇 |
2007年 | 349篇 |
2006年 | 328篇 |
2005年 | 273篇 |
2004年 | 277篇 |
2003年 | 302篇 |
2002年 | 264篇 |
2001年 | 233篇 |
2000年 | 263篇 |
1999年 | 205篇 |
1998年 | 62篇 |
1997年 | 58篇 |
1996年 | 47篇 |
1995年 | 49篇 |
1994年 | 48篇 |
1993年 | 43篇 |
1992年 | 117篇 |
1991年 | 117篇 |
1990年 | 106篇 |
1989年 | 108篇 |
1988年 | 120篇 |
1987年 | 137篇 |
1986年 | 118篇 |
1985年 | 113篇 |
1984年 | 86篇 |
1983年 | 68篇 |
1981年 | 46篇 |
1979年 | 75篇 |
1978年 | 63篇 |
1976年 | 46篇 |
1974年 | 61篇 |
1973年 | 74篇 |
1972年 | 53篇 |
1971年 | 52篇 |
1970年 | 49篇 |
1969年 | 43篇 |
1968年 | 51篇 |
Bullying is associated with a heightened risk for poor outcomes, including psychosis. This study aimed to replicate previous findings on bullying prevalence in clinical high-risk (CHR) individuals, to assess the longitudinal course of clinical and functional variables between bullied and non-bullied CHR and the association of bullying with premorbid functioning, clinical outcome, transition to psychosis and risk of violence.
MethodsThe sample consisted of 691 CHR participants and 96 healthy controls. Participants reported whether they had experienced bullying and how long it had lasted. Assessments included DSM-5 diagnoses, attenuated psychotic symptoms, negative symptoms, social and role functioning, depression, stress, premorbid functioning, and risk of violence. The bullied and non-bullied CHR groups were compared at baseline and further longitudinally on clinical and functioning variables and transition to psychosis.
ResultsBullying was more prevalent among CHR individuals than healthy controls. Bullied CHR had a higher prevalence of PTSD and more severe depression and stress at baseline than non-bullied CHR. There was no impact of bullying on clinical and functional variables over time. Bullying was not related to final clinical status or transition to psychosis. However, bullied participants had poorer premorbid functioning and a greater risk of violence.
ConclusionWhile bullying may not impact the likelihood of CHR individuals to transition to psychosis, it may be a risk factor for development of the at-risk state and may be related to a greater risk of violence. Future studies should consider bullying perpetration among CHR individuals.
相似文献Perigenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC) is a neural convergence site for social stress-related risk factors for mental health, including ethnic minority status. Current social status, a strong predictor of mental and somatic health, has been related to gray matter volume in this region, but the effects of social mobility over the lifespan are unknown and may differ in minorities. Recent studies suggest a diminished health return of upward social mobility for ethnic minority individuals, potentially due to sustained stress-associated experiences and subsequent activation of the neural stress response system.
MethodsTo address this issue, we studied an ethnic minority sample with strong upward social mobility. In a cross-sectional design, we examined 64 young adult native German and 76 ethnic minority individuals with comparable sociodemographic attributes using whole-brain structural magnetic resonance imaging.
ResultsResults showed a significant group-dependent interaction between perceived upward social mobility and pACC gray matter volume, with a significant negative association in the ethnic minority individuals. Post-hoc analysis showed a significant mediation of the relationship between perceived upward social mobility and pACC volume by perceived chronic stress, a variable that was significantly correlated with perceived discrimination in our ethnic minority group.
ConclusionOur findings extend prior work by pointing to a biological signature of the “allostatic costs” of socioeconomic attainment in socially disadvantaged upwardly mobile individuals in a key neural node implicated in the regulation of stress and negative affect.
相似文献Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in a neurological rehabilitation hospital. We assessed unidimensionality, construct validity, internal consistency reliability, inter-rater reliability, minimal detectable change and possible floor and ceiling effects of the DEMMI in adult patients with sub-acute stroke.
Results: The study included a total sample of 121 patients with sub-acute stroke. We analysed validity (n?=?109) and reliability (n?=?51) in two sub-samples. Rasch analysis indicated unidimensionality with an overall fit to the model (chi-square = 12.37, p?=?0.577). All hypotheses on construct validity were confirmed. Internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.94) and inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.95; 95% confidence interval: 0.92–0.97) were excellent. The minimal detectable change with 90% confidence was 13 points. No floor or ceiling effects were evident.
Conclusions: These results indicate unidimensionality, sufficient internal consistency reliability, inter-rater reliability, and construct validity of the DEMMI in patients with a sub-acute stroke. Advantages of the DEMMI in clinical application are the short administration time, no need for special equipment and interval level data. The de Morton Mobility Index, therefore, may be a useful performance-based bedside test to measure mobility in individuals with a sub-acute stroke across the whole mobility spectrum.
- Implications for Rehabilitation
The de Morton Mobility Index (DEMMI) is an unidimensional measurement instrument of mobility in individuals with sub-acute stroke.
The DEMMI has excellent internal consistency and inter-rater reliability, and sufficient construct validity.
The minimal detectable change of the DEMMI with 90% confidence in stroke rehabilitation is 13 points.
The lack of any floor or ceiling effects on hospital admission indicates applicability across the whole mobility spectrum of patients with sub-acute stroke.