SALAD‐BAAR: A numerical risk score for hospital admission or emergency department presentation in ambulatory patients with cardiovascular disease

BackgroundWhile many interventions to reduce hospital admissions and emergency department (ED) visits for patients with cardiovascular disease have been developed, identifying ambulatory cardiac patients at high risk for admission can be challenging.HypothesisA computational model based on readily accessible clinical data can identify patients at risk for admission.MethodsElectronic health record (EHR) data from a tertiary referral center were used to generate decision tree and logistic regression models. International Classification of Disease (ICD) codes, labs, admissions, medications, vital signs, and socioenvironmental variables were used to model risk for ED presentation or hospital admission within 90 days following a cardiology clinic visit. Model training and testing were performed with a 70:30 data split. The final model was then prospectively validated.ResultsA total of 9326 patients and 46 465 clinic visits were analyzed. A decision tree model using 75 patient characteristics achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.75 and a logistic regression model achieved an AUC of 0.73. A simplified 9‐feature model based on logistic regression odds ratios achieved an AUC of 0.72. A further simplified numerical score assigning 1 or 2 points to each variable achieved an AUC of 0.66, specificity of 0.75, and sensitivity of 0.58. Prospectively, this final model maintained its predictive performance (AUC 0.63–0.60).ConclusionNine patient characteristics from routine EHR data can be used to inform a highly specific model for hospital admission or ED presentation in cardiac patients. This model can be simplified to a risk score that is easily calculated and retains predictive performance.     

ε-聚赖氨酸对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌USA300的作用机制

摘要：目的 研究ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-polylysine，ε-PL)对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus，MRSA)标准菌株USA300的抑菌作用及其机制。方法 依据CLSI微量肉汤稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration, MBC)；绘制24 h内不同浓度ε-PL作用后USA300菌株时 间-抑菌曲线；SYBR Green I/PI检测ε-PL处理后USA300的生存情况；测定ε-PL处理后菌液电导率、胞外ATP含量、可溶性蛋白 含量的变化；利用扫描电镜(scanning electron microscopy，SEM)观察ε-PL对USA300形态的影响。结果 ε-PL对USA300的MIC、 MBC分别为5.12和10.24 mg/mL。ε-PL处理后细菌死/活比例，菌液电导率，胞外ATP含量，胞外可溶性蛋白含量均增加，表明菌 膜破损；经SEM进一步确证。结论 ε-PL对USA300生长有良好的抑制作用，且与ε-PL浓度呈正相关。ε-PL处理后细胞膜结构破 坏、通透性改变，导致细胞内容物大量渗出，其抑菌机制可能与破坏细菌菌体结构有关。     

Performance comparison of a flow cytometry immunoassay for intracellular cytokine staining and the QuantiFERON® SARS-CoV-2 test for detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2-Spike-reactive-IFN-γ-producing T cells after COVID-19 vaccination

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases - We compared the performance of an in-house-developed flow cytometry assay for intracellular cytokine staining (FC-ICS) and a...     

经阴道单孔腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术的应用

目的经阴道单孔腹腔镜手术是新兴的经自然腔道内镜手术之一，它具有无体表瘢痕、术后疼痛减轻等特点，它在妇科领域的应用越来越广泛。本文旨在探究经阴道单孔腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术的手术技巧及应用难点。 方法选取广州医科大学附属第三医院1例子宫肌瘤病例，逐步讲解经阴道单孔腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术的手术步骤及方法，演示手术技巧。 结果手术顺利完成，术中出血量少，术后病理提示坏死性肌瘤。患者的左下腹疼痛得到了缓解。术后随访3个月，患者恢复良好，无并发症。 结论经阴道单孔腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术是可行的，可以有效地清除病灶。但该术式对手术医师的技术提出了更高的要求，学习曲线延长，并且需要远期随访及进一步研究来评估其安全性。     

小鼠肝再生过程中MnSOD作用的初步研究

目的：研究肝切除术后小鼠肝再生过程中锰超氧化物歧化酶（MnSOD）的表达及其活性的变化，探讨MnSOD在肝再生中的作用。方法：采用经典小鼠肝切除模型，将38只雄性BALB/c小鼠，随机分为30%肝切除组（30% PH组）18只，70%肝切除组（70% PH组）18只，以及对照组2只。2个肝切除组分别于术后6 h和1、2、3、5、7 d这6个时间点随机各抽取3只小鼠处死，对照组小鼠在行假手术后即处死。取肝组织，制备冰冻切片使用DHE染色法在激光共聚焦显微镜下检测活性氧（ROS）水平，实时荧光定量PCR检测小鼠肝组织中MnSOD mRNA表达水平，Western blot检测小鼠肝组织中MnSOD蛋白的表达水平，采用MnSOD试剂盒检测小鼠肝组织中的MnSOD活性。结果：肝切除术后，与对照组相比，30% PH组小鼠肝组织ROS水平在术后6 h和1 d增加，MnSOD mRNA表达水平增加（P < 0.05），MnSOD蛋白含量无显著变化（P > 0.05）；MnSOD的活性在术后第1和2天较高，第3和5天较低，第7天恢复。70% PH组小鼠肝组织ROS水平在术后第1~5天均升高，MnSOD mRNA的水平先下降后逐渐恢复，MnSOD的蛋白含量降低，MnSOD的活性在术后第6小时和1天增加，第2~7天均处于降低状态（P均 < 0.05）。结论：在肝切除术后小鼠的肝再生过程迅速启动，尤其是在70% PH后肝细胞迅速增殖，并在术后一段时间逐渐恢复到静息状态，其机制可能与MnSOD含量和活性的下调从而导致ROS升高有关。