椎体支柱块与经皮PKP治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折的疗效对比

目的 比较微创经弓根椎体支柱块植入术(Pillar)与经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床疗效.方法 前瞻性研究2016年2月—2018年3月西宁市第三人民医收治的单纯胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者67例,男性48例,女性19例;年龄23～82岁,平均48.6岁.采用信封法分为Pillar组(34例)和PKP(33例),Pillar组采用微创经弓根椎体支柱块植入术治疗,共37个椎体;男性25例,女性9例;年龄23～73岁,平均48.4岁;道路交通伤19例,高处坠落伤15例.PKP组采用PKP治疗,共35个椎体;男性23例,女性10例;年龄31～82岁,平均48.8岁;道路交通伤21例,高处坠落伤12例.比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量和住院时间,术后采用Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)和视觉模拟评分(VAS)评价两组临床疗效;比较两组患者术前、术后7d、末次随访Cobb角矫正程度、伤椎前缘高度恢复情况,观察两组患者骨水泥泄露、支柱块移位、迟发性神经损伤、邻近节段退变等并发症发生情况.结果 两组患者住院时间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);Pillar组与PKP组比较,手术时间较长[(57.19±5.20)min vs.(51.89±4.90)min]、术中出血量较多[(22.10±4.15)mL vs.(15.35±5.20)mL],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后门诊随访12～24个月,平均18.3个月.两组患者末次随访ODI、VAS低于术前,但术后两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞O.05).Pillar组术后7d及末次随访时Cobb角低于PKP组[11.16±1.73)°vs.(13.75±1.65)°]、[(10.04±1.50)°vs.(12.82±1.70)°],且伤椎前缘高度高于PKP组[(89.15±3.44)mm vs.(86.15±2.94)mm、(91.65±3.12)mm vs.(87.35±3.25)mm],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).Pillar组无并发症发生,PKP组骨水泥渗漏2例,并发症发生率6.06％.结论 Pillar和PKP均是治疗胸腰椎压缩骨折的有效术式,均能改善患者功能障碍情况,缓解其疼痛症状.Pillar可有效提高患者Cobb角恢复效果和伤椎前缘高度.PKP则缩短手术时间,减少术中出血量.     

奥沙利铂联合大剂量亚叶酸钙与氟尿嘧啶治疗晚期胃癌

目的 探讨奥沙利铂联合大剂量亚叶酸钙与氟尿嘧啶治疗晚期胃癌的疗效及其安全性。方法 晚期胃癌患者45例，采用奥沙利铂联合大剂量亚叶酸钙及氟尿嘧啶治疗，疗程3周期。结果 部分缓解18例，无变化17例，进展10例，总有效率40．0％。中位疾病进展时间5个月，1年生存率58．7％。毒性反应主要为感觉神经毒性(54．3％)，其次为恶心、呕吐和腹泻；骨髓抑制毒性小。结论 奥沙利铂联合大剂量亚叶酸钙与氟尿嘧啶方案治疗晚期胃癌，疗效肯定，患者耐受性较好。     

Endothelial progenitor cells modulated by IL-1β in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in porcine

Objective To investigate the modulation of EPCs by interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and the pathogenesis resulting from their dysdifferenfiation after trauma.Method Thirty pigs were divided into a control group (n = 15) and a multiple organ dysfimction syndrome (MODS) group (n = 15), the latter of which were subjected to a "two-hit" injury including hemon'hagic shock and endotoxemia. Phosphorylation of p38MAPK in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was monitored by western blotting. The concentration of IL-1β in peripheral blood plasma was determined by ELISA and the numbers of EPCs with FCM in peripheral blood plasma were monitored. The morbidity rates in the two groups were compared by chi square test. The levels of phosphorylation of p38MAPK in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the concentmtions of IL-1β in peripheral blood plasma and the numbers of EPCs in the peripheral blood were compared between groups using with Student's t lest. Results The level of p38MAPK phosphorylation was more augmented and the concen-tration of IL-1β higher in peripheral blood mononuelear cells and plasma from MODS pigs compared with those from control pigs; nevertheless the mauler of EPC conspicuously decreased in the peripheral blood (P <0.01). The morbidity rate in the MODS group was much higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01). There were fewer EPCs in the peripheral blood of animals in group M than in the peripheral blood of animals in group C (P <0.01). Conclusions p38MAPK phosphorylation is important for the pathogenesis of MODS. p38MAPK phospho-rylation might cause the concentration of IL-1β in the peripheral blood plasma to rise and could cause a drop in the numbers of EPCs, thereby aggravating the inflanmmatory reaction in MODS.     

胃癌腹腔化疗毒副反应的观察和处理

目的 评价胃癌腹腔化疗的毒副反应，并探讨其处理方法。方法 将156例胃癌病人进行随机分组。分为术中即时低渗温热腹腔化疗联合术后早期腹腔化疗组（治疗组），单纯术中即时低渗温热腹腔化疗组（对照组1），未行腹腔化疗组（对照组2），共三组，观察化疗的安全性和毒副反应。结果 治疗组化学性腹膜炎、消化道反应、骨髓抑制和肝功能异常的发生率明显高于两个对照组。结论 应用术中即时，低渗温热腹腔化疗联合术后早期腹腔化疗时化学性腹膜炎的防治不容忽视。     

腹茧症的诊断和治疗（附四例报告）

腹茧症（abdominal cocoon）是临床上很少见的腹部疾病,目前病因不明。临床表现为小肠梗阻的症状和体征,缺乏特异性诊断方法,术前多不能明确诊断。总结近年来诊治的4例腹茧症,结合文献报道,就该病的诊断和治疗作初步探讨。