The role of age-related and adaptive changes in the vascular wall in atherogenesis in light of the theory of Academician I. V. Davydovski? on atherosclerosis

Aorta and coronary arteries (1053 and 386 cases, respectively) were evaluated in young persons. It is shown that atherosclerotic developments in the vessels are largely determined by hyperplastic involvement of the intima due to age-related vascular rearrangement and the hemodynamic factor. For aorta, these are represented by rhythmic structures which seem to give rise to the majority of the fibrous plaques. The findings are in consistence with I. V. Davydovsky's conceptions on age-related and adaptation changes in the vascular wall emerging during various human vital activities and supposed to underlie the development of atherosclerosis.     

Changes in myocardial enzyme activity of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and the relationship of these parameters to disturbed myocardial contractility and coronary atherosclerosis]

Endomyocardial biopsies from 20 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) were studied histochemically. The decrease of the mitochondrial enzyme activity and increase of the activity of lysosomal and hydrolytic enzymes were found. These alterations reflect degenerative processes in cardiomyocytes followed by activation of their degradation and utilization. This results in the decrease of the myocardium contractile volume and its contractile function damage. There was no correlation between the level of the enzyme activity in the myocardium and the degree of the contractile function activity. There was a tendency to the increase of the above changes in patients with early signs of coronary atherosclerosis.     

Detection of viral antigens by solid phase radioimmunoassay on polyethylene film

Polyethylene film, without any pretreatment, may serve as a solid phase (SP) for RIA. Viral antigens (HBsAg, and influenza virus) are detected by SP-RIA on the film with a sensitivity of about 2-3 ng/ml or 40-60 pg/assay. The use of polyethylene film allows one to record RIA autographically. The use of micro amounts of reagents and specimens tested is an added advantage. No special equipment is necessary, the method is inexpensive, easy to perform and may be used for mass screening.     

Role of proliferation and differentiation of hemopoietic precursors in regeneration of hemopoiesis in cytostatic myelodepressions

Quantitative and qualitative composition of hemopoietic tissue and the intensity of proliferation and differentiation of committed hemopoietic precursors are studied in mice treated with adriamycin, cyclophosphane, or 5-fluorouracil. It is shown that intense maturation of colony-forming units results in rapid regeneration of hemopoiesis even under conditions of reduced proliferation of these cells, whereas inhibition of their differentiation suppresses restoration of bone marrow cellularity despite intense proliferation of hemopoietic precursors. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 12, pp. 616–620, December, 1997     

Dynamics of Functioning of Thyroid Gland Transplant under Conditions of Stimulation with Autologous Adherent Bone Marrow Cells

The efficiency of thyroid tissue autotransplantation was studied in 150 male Wistar rats for 3 months. Comparative analysis of functional competence of the thyroid tissue transplanted into the great omentum showed restoration of the thyroid hormonal activity in animals receiving cell suspension of autologous adherent bone marrow cells. __________ Translated from Kletochnye Tekhnologii v Biologii i Meditsine, No. 4, pp. 200–202, November, 2005     

Current problems of the pathological anatomy of ischemic (coronary) heart disease

Original and reported data are reviewed with respect to the development, from childhood onwards, of coronary arterial atherosclerosis. The leading contribution of coronary arterial thrombosis to myocardial infarction is demonstrated, as is high incidence of excentric atherosclerotic patches in coronary arteries, which are prone to spasm in the presence of such patches; the course and complications of left ventricular and right atrial or right ventricular infarction are described. Data on "incomplete", stable and unstable myocardial infarction are presented.     

Changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructure of myocardial microvessels during pharmacological and cold cardioplegia under hypothermic conditions without perfusion

A combination of pharmacological and cold cardioplegia in with hypothermia without perfusion in open-heart surgery guarantee the reversible character of shifts in energy and free radical balance in the myocardium. However, this procedure can impair coronary micricirculation due to structural and functional changes in microvessel endothelium. Our results demonstrate that new cytoprotective approaches are extremely needed for cardiac protection during surgery.