Pre-marital predictors of marital violence in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology - Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive public health problem. Existing research has focused on reports from victims and few studies have...     

An evaluation of impression techniques for multiple internal connection implant prostheses

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Movement of impression copings inside the impression material using an open-tray impression technique during clinical and laboratory phases may cause inaccuracy in transferring the 3-dimensional spatial orientation of implants intraorally to the definitive cast. Consequently the restoration may require corrective procedures. PURPOSE: This in vitro study evaluated the accuracy of 3 different impression techniques using polyether impression material to obtain a precise definitive cast for a multi-unit implant restoration with multiple internal connection implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A reference acrylic resin model with 4 internal connection implants (3i Implant Innovations) was fabricated. Forty-five medium-consistency polyether impressions (Impregum Penta) of this model were made with square impression copings using an open-tray technique. Three groups of 15 specimens each were made with different impression techniques: in the first group, nonmodified square impression copings were used (NM group); in the second group, square impression copings were used and joined together with autopolymerizing acrylic resin before the impression procedure (R [resin] group); and in the third group, square impression copings previously airborne-particle abraded and coated with the manufacturer-recommended impression adhesive were used (M [modified] group). Matching implant replicas were screwed into the square impression copings in the impressions. Impressions were poured with ADA type IV stone (New Fujirock). A single calibrated examiner blinded to the nature of the impression technique used examined all definitive casts to evaluate the positional accuracy (mum) of the implant replica heads using a profile projector (at original magnification x10). These measurements were compared to the measurements calculated on the reference resin model which served as control. Data were analyzed with a 1-way analysis of variance at alpha=.05, followed by the Student Newman-Keuls test (alpha=.05). RESULTS: The data obtained with the profile projector revealed significant differences within the 3 impression techniques ( P <.001). The Student Newman-Keuls procedure disclosed significant differences between the groups, with group R casts being significantly more accurate than group NM and group M casts ( P =.05). The mean distance (+/-SD) between the posterior implants compared to the reference acrylic resin model was 18.17 mum (+/- 6.4) greater for group R casts, 41.27 mum (+/- 8.4) greater for group M casts, and 46.21 mum (+/- 8.9) greater for group NM casts. Distances between the anterior implants were also greater than those recorded on the reference model. The distance was 15.23 mum (+/- 5.9) greater on group R casts, 38.17 mum (+/- 8.3) greater on group M casts, and 43.23 mum (+/- 8.7) greater on group NM casts. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, improved accuracy of the definitive cast was achieved when the square impression copings joined together with autopolymerizing acrylic resin were used to make an impression of multiple internal connection implants.     

An in vitro evaluation of ZiReal abutments with hexagonal connection: in original state and following abutment preparation

PURPOSE: Laboratory processing of implant-supported prostheses may alter the surface of the abutment in contact with the implant head, with potential repercussions for the interface fit. The purpose of this study was to assess changes at the implant interface of high-strength zirconia ceramic esthetic abutments with a hexagonal connection (ZiReal; 3i/Iimplant Innovations, Palm Beach Gardens, FL) following abutment preparation for single-tooth restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The depth (d) and width (w) of the titanium hexagonal portion of the abutment, the apical diameter of the abutment (D), and the rotational freedom (R) of the abutment were assessed for 20 ZiReal abutments prior to preparation (time 0) and following abutment preparation (time 1) to detect any eventual change of fit of the abutment on the top of the implant hexagon. RESULTS: No significant differences relative to any study parameter (d, w, D, and R) were observed between time 0 and time 1 (P = .9542). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The hexagonal misfit of the titanium machined ZiReal abutment on the implant hexagon may be implicated in screw joint loosening. The results of this report suggest that if all laboratory steps are carefully observed, changes at the implant/ZiReal abutment do not occur. The maintenance of the original features of the ZiReal abutment may reduce the risk of screw loosening.     

Two patterns of histologic healing in an intrabony defect following treatment with enamel matrix derivative: a human case report

Human histologic evidence of periodontal regeneration following treatment of intrabony defects with enamel matrix derivative has yielded inconsistent results in recent case reports. A 46-year-old woman presenting one deep intrabony defect at the distal root of a mandibular first molar scheduled for extraction was selected for enamel matrix derivative therapy. During surgery, a notch was placed at the most apical level of calculus on the experimental root. Nine months postsurgery, a block section including the distal root and surrounding periodontal tissues was obtained and processed in a mesiodistal plane. Histologic analysis demonstrated two different patterns of healing along the proximal and furcal surfaces. Regeneration with new cellular cementum, bone, and periodontal ligament with functional fiber orientation was observed on the distal aspect of the root, whereas the furcal surface healed through ankylosis. This report underlines the biologic variability in wound healing following enamel matrix derivative therapy in periodontal intrabony defects and within the same defect. Host-specific intrinsic and/or extrinsic factors accounting for this variability remain to be investigated.     

Single arm phase II study of oral vitamin B12 for the treatment of musculoskeletal symptoms associated with aromatase inhibitors in women with early stage breast cancer

Breast cancer patients receiving endocrine therapy with aromatase Inhibitors (AIs) often experience musculoskeletal and joint‐related side effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Vitamin B12 supplements on musculoskeletal symptoms such as pain and arthralgias induced by AIs and to correlate response with serum and inflammatory biomarkers. Upon receiving approval by the Institutional Review Board (IRB), the majority of the patients consented into the study were treated at the Texas Tech Breast Care Center. Included were patients who had a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer (Stages I‐III), and were experiencing significant musculoskeletal symptoms associated to AIs. Only patients with an average pain score ≥ 4, as assessed by the Brief Pain Inventory‐Short Form (BPI‐SF) questionnaire, were included in the study. Participants received 2500 mcg of sublingual vitamin B12 daily for 90 days. Assessments at baseline and at 3 months included: BPI‐SF pain scores, the impact on quality of life determined by Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Endocrine Symptoms (FACT‐ES), and correlative serum markers relative to baseline (a pre‐post study). A total of forty‐one patients were enrolled. Average pain scores were improved by 34% (P < .0001) at 3 months compared to baseline. In addition, a 23% improvement in worst pain was noted (P = .0003). Analysis of the results for the FACT‐ES scoring showed improvement on all scales. No significant adverse events were observed. Decrease in pain score was correlated with increased serum B12 levels. This study suggests that Vitamin B12 reduces pain and improves quality of life for patients taking AIs who experienced AI‐related musculoskeletal symptoms. If confirmed in large randomized prospective trials, Vitamin B12 would be a safe and cost‐effective option for the treatment of AI‐related musculoskeletal symptoms.