使用便携式微量输液泵持续输注氟尿嘧啶的临床观察及护理

目的：探讨使用便携式微量输液泵在肿瘤化疗中持续输注氟尿嘧啶的应用效果。方法：选取我科2006年3月-2008年7月96例癌症化疗病人按入院先后顺序分为对照组和实验组,每组48例。对照组采用传统的化疗方式,采用浅静脉留置针直接从外周静脉输注氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）连续5天,每天维持6-8小时。实验组采用浅静脉留置针连接便携式微量输液泵持续泵入氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）120h～135h,两组均以21天为1个周期,观察两组病人化疗毒副反应发生情况。结果：实验组化疗毒副反应发生率明显低于对照组,平均住院时间明显缩短,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：使用便携式微量输液泵持续泵入氟尿嘧啶能减轻病人的毒副反应,缩短住院时间,提高肿瘤病人生活质量,有效减轻护士的工作负担。     

葛根素和淫羊藿甙对成骨细胞生物学作用的比较研究

目的 对比葛根素和淫羊藿甙对成骨细胞增殖和分化的影响。方法 将小鼠骨髓基质干细胞定向诱导分化为成骨细胞，取第3、4代细胞，以rhBMP-2为阳性对照，MTT法观察葛根素和淫羊藿甙对成骨细胞的增殖作用，碱性磷酸酶（ALP）比活性测定及钙结节计数观察葛根素和淫羊藿甙对成骨细胞分化的影响。结果 20μg／ml的淫羊藿甙可显著促进成骨细胞的增殖；20μg／ml淫羊藿甙及50μg／ml葛根素均能提高成骨细胞的碱性磷酸酶活性，并使矿化结节的形成明显增多。结论 淫羊藿甙不仅能促进成骨细胞的分化，还能增强其增殖能力，而葛根素主要是通过刺激分化来增强成骨细胞的活力。     

2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者冠状动脉病变特点

目的分析2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者的危险因素及冠脉病变的特点。方法选择50例2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者作为观察组,随机抽取54例同期行冠脉造影的无2型糖尿病的冠心病患者为对照组,分析比较两组的血脂水平及冠脉病变特点。结果糖尿病组与对照组的年龄、性别、高血压、吸烟史间差异无显著性(P>0.05),糖尿病组血脂异常程度明显高于对照组,尤以甘油三酯,LDL-C水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05),且糖尿病组冠脉病变以多支病变和C型病变为主(P<0.05)。结论2型糖尿病患者致动脉粥样硬化发生的因素多而复杂,其冠脉病变特点为多支重度弥漫性病变。     

The effect of RAD51 135 G>C and XRCC2 G>A (rs3218536) polymorphisms on ovarian cancer risk among Caucasians: a meta-analysis

Genetic polymorphisms of RAD51 135 G>C and XRCC2 G>A (rs3218536) have been reported to change the risk of ovarian cancer, but the results are controversial. To get a more precise result, a meta-analysis was performed. A comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure was carried out to get case–control studies published up to November 2013. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI) were conducted to estimate the effect of RAD51 135 G>C and XRCC2 G>A (rs3218536) polymorphisms on ovarian cancer risk. A total of 13 independent case–control studies with 5,927 cases and 10,303 controls were included in this meta-analysis. There was no significant association between RAD51 135 G>C polymorphism and risk of ovarian cancer. However, the result of total studies indicated the XRCC2 G>A (rs3218536) polymorphism could reduce the risk of ovarian cancer (heterozygote model AG vs. GG: OR?=?0.877, 95 % CI?=?0.770–0.999, P?=?0.048; dominant model AA/AG vs. GG: OR?=?0.864, 95 % CI?=?0.763–0.979, P?=?0.022). The result was still significant after Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium-violating studies were excluded (allele contrast A vs. G: OR?=?0.836, 95 % CI?=?0.74–0.943, P?=?0.004; homozygote model AA vs. GG: OR?=?0.562, 95 % CI?=?0.317–0.994, P?=?0.048; heterozygote model AG vs. GG: OR?=?0.859, 95 % CI?=?0.753–0.98, P?=?0.023; dominant model AA/AG vs. GG: OR?=?0.842, 95 % CI?=?0.74–0.958, P?=?0.009). In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, significantly reduced risk was observed among Caucasians in dominant model (AA/AG vs. GG: OR?=?0.867, 95 % CI?=?0.764–0.984, P?=?0.027). No significant association was found between the RAD51 135G>C polymorphism and the risk of ovarian cancer. Interestingly, XRCC2 G>A (rs3218536) polymorphism might reduce the risk of ovarian cancer. Larger-scale and well-designed studies are needed to further clarify the association.     

Fusobacterium nucleatum induces excess methyltransferase‐like 3‐mediated microRNA‐4717‐3p maturation to promote colorectal cancer cell proliferation

Fusobacterium nucleatum infection plays vital roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. Overexpression of microRNA‐4717‐3p (miR‐4717) was reported to be upregulated in F. nucleatum positive CRC tissues, however, the underlying mechanism is unknown. In this study, we found that miR‐4717 promoted CRC cell proliferation in vitro and growth of CRC in vivo following F. nucleatum infection. MicroRNA‐4717 suppressed the expression of mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MAP2K4), a tumor suppressor, by directly targeting its 3′‐UTR. Furthermore, we confirmed that methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3)‐dependent m⁶A methylation could methylate primary (pri)‐miR‐4717, which further promoted the maturation of pri‐miR‐4717, and METTL3 positively regulated CRC cell proliferation through miR‐4717/MAP2K4 pathways. In conclusion, F. nucleatum‐induced miR‐4717 excessive maturation through METTL3‐dependent m⁶A modification promotes CRC cell proliferation, which provides a potential therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarker for CRC.     

Pre-attack and pre-episode symptoms in cluster headache: a multicenter cross-sectional study of 327 Chinese patients

BackgroundThere have been a few studies regarding the pre-attack symptoms (PAS) and pre-episode symptoms (PES) of cluster headache (CH), but none have been conducted in the Chinese population. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and features of PAS and PES in Chinese patients, as well as to investigate their relationships with pertinent factors.MethodsThe study included patients who visited a tertiary headache center and nine other headache clinics between January 2019 and September 2021. A questionnaire was used to collect general data and information about PAS and PES.ResultsAmong the 327 patients who met the CH criteria (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition), 269 (82.3%) patients experienced at least one PAS. The most common PAS were head and facial discomfort (74.4%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis depicted that the number of triggers (OR = 1.798, p = 0.001), and smoking history (OR = 2.067, p = 0.026) were correlated with increased odds of PAS. In total, 68 (20.8%) patients had PES. The most common symptoms were head and facial discomfort (23, 33.8%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the number of triggers were associated with increased odds of PES (OR = 1.372, p = 0.005).ConclusionsPAS are quite common in CH patients, demonstrating that CH attacks are not comprised of a pain phase alone; investigations of PAS and PES could help researchers better understand the pathophysiology of CH.     

国家中医临床研究基地（湖北）中药新药研发平台建设

从国家中医临床研究基地（湖北）的建设需要出发,创立中药新药研发平台,服务于肝病等重点病种的医院制剂和新药开发。经过5 年建设,初步形成了具有创新力的中药新药研发平台,开发了一些特色中药制剂,促进了重点病种的临床服务能力,产生了较好的经济效益和社会效益。本文就中药新药研发平台建设的成果、经验体会及展望进行探讨。     

维吾尔药材的质量问题

目的:探讨维吾尔药材中存在的问题及解决办法,以及开展维吾尔药材质量标准研究的必要性和重要性.方法:通过案列陈述提出具体问题,结合有关审批文件,分析适应性.结果与结论:维吾尔药材标准不全,进口药材批件办理难,进口途径混乱.建议对维吾尔药材进行基础研究,建立质量标准,完善监督管理.     

ACEI/ARB对经皮冠脉介入诊疗后对比剂肾病影响的系统评价

目的:评价血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor,ACEI)或血管紧张素受体阻滞剂(angiotensin receptor blockers,ARB)在接受冠状动脉造影(coronary angiogram,CAG)或经皮冠脉介入(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)治疗患者中对对比剂肾病(contrast induced nephropathy,CIN)的影响。方法:在Pub Med、The Cochrane library、维普、知网、万方数据库中搜索从建库到2014年8月的与ACEI/ARB和对比剂肾病相关的文献。根据纳入/排除标准选择文献,评价纳入文献的质量,提取资料采用Stata 11.0软件进行数据Meta数据分析,采用Begg’s法和Egger’s法评估发表偏倚。结果:11项随机对照研究纳入分析,在接受冠脉造影或介入治疗的患者中,与对照组相比,术前使用ACEI/ARB不增加CIN的发生风险,差异无统计学意义(RR=0.78,95%CI=0.53~1.15,P=0.22)。亚组分析显示,治疗时间≥2周组(RR=0.78,95%CI=0.37~1.62,P=0.50)和<2周组(RR=0.79,95%CI=0.50~1.24,P=0.30)均不影响CIN的发生风险。但ACEI/ARB的使用明显降低术后72 h时CIN的发生风险(RR=0.44,95%CI=0.23~0.87,P=0.02);在平均造影剂用量≤150 ml组,CIN的风险也明显降低(RR=0.57,95%CI=0.33~0.99,P=0.046)。结论:目前尚无证据表明经皮冠状动脉介入诊疗术前使用ACEI/ARB会增加术后CIN的风险。     

Neural mechanisms of the mood effects on third‐party responses to injustice after unfair experiences

Behavioral decision theory argues that humans can adjust their third‐party responses (e.g., punishment and compensation) to injustice by integrating unfair experiences. Typically, the mood plays an important role in such a decision‐making process. However, the underlying neurocognitive bases remain largely unclear. We first employ a modified third‐party justice game in which an allocator split an amount of money between oneself and a receiver. The participants can reapportion the money as observers by choosing from the following three costly options: compensate the receiver, accept the current allocation, or punish the allocator. Then, a second‐party pseudo interaction is conducted where participants receive more (i.e., advantageous unfair experience) or less (i.e., disadvantageous unfair experience) than others. Finally, participants perform the third‐party justice game again after unfair experiences. Here, we use functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure participants'' brain activities during third‐party responses to injustice. We find participants compensate more to the receiver after advantageous unfair experience, which involved enhanced positive emotion, weakened sense of unfairness, and is linked with increased activity in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC). In contrast, participants punish more on the allocator after disadvantageous unfair experience, which might primarily stem from their negative emotional responses, strong sense of unfairness, and is associated with significantly decreased activity in the rDLPFC. Our results suggest that third‐party compensation and punishment involved differential psychological and neural bases. Our findings highlight the crucial roles of second‐party unfair experiences and the corresponding mood responses in third‐party responses to unfairness, and unravel the intermediate neural architecture.