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Kohei Yamahara Akifumi Mizukoshi Kana Lee Satoshi Ikegami 《Auris, nasus, larynx》2021,48(5):1013-1022
ObjectiveAlthough both sarcopenia and systemic inflammation affect the outcomes of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, the association between sarcopenia and systemic inflammation and the combined prognostic effect of these factors in HNC patients remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sarcopenia with systemic inflammation on survival and disease control in HNC patients.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed medical records of HNC patients treated between 2009 and 2016. The skeletal muscle area was measured using a single computed tomography image slice at the level of the third cervical vertebra. A prognostic score (SPLR) was developed based on sarcopenia and the platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and its prognostic value was evaluated.ResultsOverall, 164 patients were enrolled. In the multivariate analysis, sarcopenia was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) (p < 0.01). However, neither sarcopenia nor a high PLR was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (DFS) or locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS). A high PLR was an independent predictor for sarcopenia (p < 0.01). A high SPLR was associated with older age, lower serum hemoglobin, and lower body mass index (all p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that SPLR was a significant independent predictor of OS, DFS, and LRFS (all p < 0.05).ConclusionsSystemic inflammation is significantly associated with sarcopenia. The survival and oncological effects of sarcopenia were enhanced when PLR was high. Thus, the combination of these two parameters may be useful for identifying HNC patients at a risk of poor survival outcomes. 相似文献
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Soju Seki Susumu Tanaka Saori Yamada Tadataka Tsuji Akifumi Enomoto Yudai Ono Scott H. Chandler Mikihiko Kogo 《Journal of neuroscience research》2020,98(5):921-935
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one of a number of neuropeptides with powerful orexigenic effects. Intracerebroventricular administration of NPY induces increases in food intake and alters feeding rate. Besides it role in feeding behavior, NPY also has significant effects on neuronal systems related to other spontaneous behaviors such as rearing and grooming. In the present study, we examined the direct effects of NPY on mesencephalic V neurons (Mes V), which are important sensory neurons involved in oral motor reflexes and rhythmical jaw movements, as well as masticatory proprioception. Coronal brain slices were prepared from neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats (P3-17) and whole-cell patch clamp recordings were obtained from Mes V neurons. Bath application of NPY depolarized the membrane potential and induced inward current in most neurons. Application of NPY shortened the duration of the afterhyperpolarization following an action potential, and increased the mean spike frequency during repetitive discharge. In those neurons which exhibited rhythmical burst discharge in response to maintained current injection, the bursting frequency was also increased. These effects were mediated predominately by both Y1 and Y5 receptors. 相似文献
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Christina Andica Koji Kamagata Taku Hatano Yuya Saito Wataru Uchida Takashi Ogawa Haruka Takeshige-Amano Akifumi Hagiwara Syo Murata Genko Oyama Yashushi Shimo Atsushi Umemura Toshiaki Akashi Akihiko Wada Kanako K. Kumamaru Masaaki Hori Nobutaka Hattori Shigeki Aoki 《Journal of neuroscience research》2020,98(5):936-949
Neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders have significant consequences for quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In the current study, we evaluated microstructural white matter (WM) alterations associated with neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders in PD using neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) and linked independent component analysis (LICA). The indices of NODDI were compared between 20 and 19 patients with PD with and without neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders, respectively, and 25 healthy controls using tract-based spatial statistics and tract-of-interest analyses. LICA was applied to model inter-subject variability across measures. A widespread reduction in axonal density (indexed by intracellular volume fraction [ICVF]) was demonstrated in PD patients with and without neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders, as compared with healthy controls. Compared with patients without neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders, patients with neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders exhibited more extensive (posterior predominant) decreases in axonal density. Using LICA, ICVF demonstrated the highest contribution (59% weight) to the main effects of diagnosis that reflected widespread decreases in axonal density. These findings suggest that axonal loss is a major factor underlying WM pathology related to neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders in PD, whereas patients with neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders had broader axonal pathology, as compared with those without. LICA suggested that the ICVF can be used as a useful biomarker of microstructural changes in the WM related to neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders in PD. 相似文献
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Isaki Motohiro Kanazawa Tadahiro Hinobayashi Toshihiko 《Journal of developmental and physical disabilities》2021,33(3):429-448
Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities - Children born with very low birth weight (VLBW <1500 g) have a high risk of reading difficulties. Previous research has... 相似文献
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A novel technique using three‐dimensionally documented biopsy mapping allows precise re‐visiting of prostate cancer foci with serial surveillance of cell cycle progression gene panel 下载免费PDF全文
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Prognostic value of pretreatment 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT volume‐based parameters in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with known p16 and p53 status 下载免费PDF全文