补阳还五汤对脊髓损伤大鼠脊髓组织 Caspase －3表达的影响

目的：观察补阳还五汤对脊髓损伤（SCI）后大鼠脊髓神经细胞凋亡相关蛋白 Caspase －3及 mRNA表达的影响,初步探讨补阳还五汤抑制脊髓神经细胞凋亡的作用机制。方法Wistar 大鼠40只,随机分为正常对照组、SCI 模型组、补阳还五汤组和阳性药物对照（MP）组,每组10只。各组分别于建立 SCI 模型后1、7、14、21、28 d 观察大鼠后肢运动功能恢复情况并进行 BBB 功能评分,观察大鼠 SCI 模型建立及恢复情况,并于第28天处死各组大鼠,采用 real －time PCR 法检测脊髓组织 Caspase －3 mRNA 的表达情况,Western blot 法检测脊髓组织 Caspase－3蛋白的表达情况。结果大鼠麻醉清醒后,SCI 模型组大鼠损伤平面以下完全瘫痪。 BBB 评分结果显示：术后第1～28天,与正常对照组比较,SCI 模型组 BBB 评分明显降低（P ＜0．05）;术后第7～28天,与 SCI 模型组比较,补阳还五汤组和 MP 组大鼠 BBB 评分明显增高（P ＜0．05）;补阳还五汤组和 MP 组大鼠 BBB 评分差异无统计学意义。 Real －time PCR 和 Western blot 结果显示：与正常对照组比较,SCI 模型组 Caspase －3蛋白及 mRNA 表达明显升高（P ＜0．05）;与 SCI 模型组比较,补阳还五汤组和 MP 组大鼠脊髓组织 Caspase －3蛋白及 mRNA 表达明显降低（P ＜0．05）。补阳还五汤组和 MP 组大鼠脊髓 Caspase －3蛋白及 mRNA 表达差异无统计学意义。结论补阳还五汤可改善 SCI 大鼠后肢运动功能,通过下调 Caspase －3的表达,从而抑制 SCI 大鼠脊髓神经细胞的凋亡,对脊髓神经细胞有保护作用。     

阿立哌唑治疗老年精神分裂症及其对生活质量的影响

目的探讨阿立哌唑治疗老年精神分裂症患者的疗效,安全性及其对患者生活质量的影响。方法将62例老年精神分裂症患者随机分为阿立哌唑组和利培酮组各31例,疗程8周。于治疗前和治疗后2,4,6,8周采用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评定疗效,副反应量表(TESS)评定治疗过程中出现的不良反应。治疗前及8周后用生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)评定生活质量。结果治疗后两组PANSS评分有明显下降(P<0.01),两组间比较差异无统计学意义。阿立哌唑组不良反应明显少于利培酮组(P<0.05)。阿立哌唑组GQOLI-74总分、躯体功能、社会功能维度在治疗8周后有显著性差异(t=3.36,2.63,2.53;P<0.05或0.01<),利培酮组在治疗8周后(t=1.27,1.25,1.67;P<0.05或<0.01),阿立哌唑组评分较利培酮组升高显著(P<0.01)。结论阿立哌唑较利培酮治疗老年精神分裂症患者疗效相仿,但不良反应少,耐受性好,更能提高生活质量。     

光学相干断层扫描比较不稳定性和稳定性心绞痛患者粥样硬化斑块特征

Objective To compare the characterization of coronary atherosclerotic plaques in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and stable angina pectoris (SAP) by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods OCT was performed in 47 patients (23 UAP and 24 SAP) undergoing coronary angiography. Lipid-rich plaque (defined by ≥ 2 quandrants of the cross-section area), thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA), thickness of fibrous cap, plaque rupture, calcification and thrombus visualized by OCT were compared between UAP and SAP patients. Results OCT imaging was successfully in 44 out of 47 patients (22 UAP, 22 SAP). Proportion of lipid-rich plaques was similar between UAP and SAP groups [91% (20/22) vs, 73% (16/22),P =0. 741]. The minimum thickness of fibrous cap in the UAP group was significantly thinner than that in SAP group [(69.5±34.7) μm vs. (141.1±68.5) μm, P = 0.000] and the rate of fibrous cap erosion in the UAP group was significantly higher than that in the SAP group [59% (13/22) vs. 9% (2/22), P=0.000]. Percents of TCFA [73% (16/22) vs. 14% (3/22) ,P = 0.000] and plaque rupture [50% (11/22) vs.9% (2/22) , P = 0.003] were significantly higher in UAP group compared those in SAP group. Incidence of thrombus and calcification were similar between two groups. Conclusions OCT imaging can clearly define plaque characterization of coronary atherosclerosis. UAP patients have thinner fibrous cap, higher incidences of fibrous cap erosion, plaque rupture and TCFA compared patients with SAP.     

光学相干断层扫描比较不稳定性和稳定性心绞痛患者粥样硬化斑块特征

Objective To compare the characterization of coronary atherosclerotic plaques in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and stable angina pectoris (SAP) by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods OCT was performed in 47 patients (23 UAP and 24 SAP) undergoing coronary angiography. Lipid-rich plaque (defined by ≥ 2 quandrants of the cross-section area), thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA), thickness of fibrous cap, plaque rupture, calcification and thrombus visualized by OCT were compared between UAP and SAP patients. Results OCT imaging was successfully in 44 out of 47 patients (22 UAP, 22 SAP). Proportion of lipid-rich plaques was similar between UAP and SAP groups [91% (20/22) vs, 73% (16/22),P =0. 741]. The minimum thickness of fibrous cap in the UAP group was significantly thinner than that in SAP group [(69.5±34.7) μm vs. (141.1±68.5) μm, P = 0.000] and the rate of fibrous cap erosion in the UAP group was significantly higher than that in the SAP group [59% (13/22) vs. 9% (2/22), P=0.000]. Percents of TCFA [73% (16/22) vs. 14% (3/22) ,P = 0.000] and plaque rupture [50% (11/22) vs.9% (2/22) , P = 0.003] were significantly higher in UAP group compared those in SAP group. Incidence of thrombus and calcification were similar between two groups. Conclusions OCT imaging can clearly define plaque characterization of coronary atherosclerosis. UAP patients have thinner fibrous cap, higher incidences of fibrous cap erosion, plaque rupture and TCFA compared patients with SAP.     

经皮冠状动脉介入术前阿托伐他汀强化治疗对预后的影响

目的评价经皮冠状动脉介入术前患者行阿托伐他汀强化治疗对预后的影响。方法60例入选患者术前被随机分为两组,强化治疗组29例患者,术前12小时内服用阿托伐他汀80mg;对照组31例患者,术前12小时内服用阿托伐他汀20mg,所有患者术后均以阿托伐他汀每日20mg,每日1次长期维持。观察两组患者术前及术后24小时的肌酸激酶同工酶、肌钙蛋白I、C反应蛋白等指标的变化,比较两组在出院3个月时主要不良心血管事件发生率。结果强化治疗组主要不良心血管事件发生率为3．4％,对照组为22．6％（P〈0．05）;与对照组相比,强化治疗组患者术后肌酸激酶同工酶、肌钙蛋白I升高幅度显著减低（P〈0．05）;C反应蛋白升高的幅度低于对照组,但两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论PCI术前使用80mg阿托伐他汀同常规使用20mg的剂量相比,强化治疗的患者在短期预后方面获益大。     

光学相干断层成像评价冠状动脉内支架术后即刻支架周围组织结构改变

目的:应用光学相干断层成像(OCT)评价冠状动脉内支架术后即刻支架周围组织结构改变。方法:对21例临床诊断冠心病准备介入治疗患者,在冠状动脉内置入支架后即刻进行OCT成像检查。21例患者中共有22支冠状动脉置入25个支架,其中前降支11支13个支架,回旋支8支9个支架,右冠状动脉3支3个支架。OCT评价支架贴壁不良、血管夹层及撕裂、组织脱垂等。支架贴壁不良定义为支架支撑杆与血管壁距离大于0.20mm,组织脱垂定义为血管壁组织通过支架网眼突入管腔。结果:21例患者均成功进行OCT检查,22支靶血管25个支架均成功获得清晰OCT图像。通过OCT发现置入的25个支架中有12个支架可以看到部分支架支撑杆未能完全封闭血管壁上的夹层及撕裂;所置入的支架中有50个支架支撑杆贴壁不良,平均支架支撑杆与血管壁的距离为0.39±0.20(0.20~1.16)mm。通过OCT检出置入的25个支架中有20个支架可见到不同程度组织脱垂,共检出85个组织脱垂,平均最大组织脱垂面积为0.55±0.64(0.04~2.81)mm2。结论:OCT成像技术可清晰显示冠心病冠状动脉支架后血管夹层、撕裂组织脱垂及支架贴壁情况,其临床意义有待于进一步研究。     

重症胰腺炎的护理干预

[目的]探讨重症胰腺炎的有效护理方法。[方法]总结26例重症胰腺炎病人采用外科引流置引流管的护理,1例非手术治疗的护理。[结果]27例病人中24例治愈或好转,死亡1例,其他原因出院2例。[结论]注重对重症胰腺炎病人积极有效的护理干预可降低相关性胰瘘、肠瘘及肾衰竭等并发症的发生率。     

SCI大鼠脊髓前角细胞自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1表达的变化

目的：：观察脊髓全横断损伤对脊髓前角细胞Beclin-1表达的影响。方法：雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为模型组和假手术组,建立大鼠第2腰髓全横断损伤模型,分别于损伤后6h、1d、3d、7d、14d、21d取3-4腰髓,采用免疫荧光染色法观察大鼠脊髓前角细胞自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1的表达情况。结果：与假手术组相比,模型组损伤后各时间点大鼠脊髓前角Beclin-1免疫阳性细胞数明显升高(P＜0.01,P＜0.05）。脊髓损伤后3d脊髓前角细胞Beclin-1免疫阳性细胞数达到高峰,21d最低。结论：Beclin-1可能参与了神经元自噬状态的改变。     

186例绝经前后子宫内膜息肉的临床分析

目的：分析绝经前及绝经后患者子宫内膜息肉（EP）的临床特点,探讨其临床表现及复发情况间的差异。方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2014年1月在河北省承德市妇幼保健院妇科行宫腔镜检查及电切术,术后病理确诊为EP的186例患者的临床资料,比较绝经前与绝经后患者的临床表现及复发情况的差异。结果绝经前患者中有症状者所占百分比较高（59．12％）,绝经后患者中无症状者所占百分比较高（59．18％）,差异有统计学意义（χ2＝4．875,P＜0．05）;绝经前患者EP以多发为主（64．23％）,绝经后患者以单发为主（67．35％）,差异有统计学意义（χ2＝14．602,P＜0．05）。随着术后时间的延长绝经前患者EP复发率高于绝经后患者,在术后6、12个月比较,差异均有统计学意义（χ2＝4．150,P＝0．042;χ2＝5．976,P＝0．015）。结论绝经前后EP术后复发率存在差异,绝经后较难被发现。