颈椎前路手术间接相关并发症的影响因素

目的探讨颈椎前路手术围手术期内手术间接相关并发症的影响因素。方法回顾1992年1月~2004年1月,颈椎前路手术412例,对年龄、性别、病史、病种、瘫痪情况等因素进行单因素筛选和多因素回归分析,获取颈椎前路手术围手术期手术间接相关并发症的可能影响因素。结果围手术期内发生手术间接相关并发症23例次(19例),统计分析显示间接相关并发症可能与患者的瘫痪情况有关。结论颈椎前路手术患者围手术期间接相关并发症主要同患者自身病情有关,根据病情特点加强围手术期管理可能会降低其发生率并改善患者预后。     

生物活性复合人工骨的制备与理化性能研究

目的探讨硫酸钙/骨基质明胶生物活性复合人工骨的制备方法及其理化性能。方法分别制备硫酸钙、骨基质明胶颗粒,按1：1、2：1、3：1、1：0不同质量比例制备复合人工骨。经扫描电镜观察、生物力学测试及体外降解试验,研究不同配比复合人工骨的结构特征、力学强度及降解速率。结果硫酸钙与骨基质明胶呈均匀混合分布,材料内见较多孔径为100～500μm的微孔结构,孔隙间相互交通,随着骨粒含量的增加,孔径逐渐增大。质量比为1：1、2：1、3：1、1：0的复合人工骨的抗压强度分别为(3．53±0．62)、(6．74±0．78)、(13．60±1．01)、(39．85±2．33)MPa,100%体外降解时间分别为8、10、12、12周。结论硫酸钙/骨基质明胶复合人工骨具有利于新骨长入的微孔结构,随着骨粒含量的增高,材料的力学强度逐渐减低,降解时间加快,不同配比的复合材料可适用于不同的植骨需要。     

人工膨肺技术在颈髓损伤气管切开患者肺康复中的应用

目的 探讨人工膨肺技术在颈髓损伤气管切开患者肺康复中的应用效果。 方法 将2017年1月—2019年9月收治的66例颈髓损伤并行气管切开的患者按SPSS系统产生区组随机数字表分为试验组和对照组,每组33例,试验组在雾化吸入、震动排痰、腹部挤压后吸痰等常规肺康复护理的基础上增加人工膨肺技术,对照组采用常规肺康复护理。比较实施肺康复前和实施肺康复4周后两组的肺活量、第1秒用力呼气容积、最大呼气量以及干预期间两组的肺不张发生率。 结果 干预4周后,试验组的肺活量、第1秒用力呼气容量、最大呼气量分别是（4.17±0.70） L、（3.86±0.94） L、（266.67±36.70） L均高于对照组的（3.06±0.73） L、（2.91±0.72） L、（221.73±19.53） L,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;试验组、对照组的肺不张发生率分别为3.03%、24.24%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 人工膨肺技术应用于颈髓损伤气管切开患者中能够有效提高患者的肺功能,增加患者肺部的顺应性,减少患者肺不张、肺塌陷的发生,明显改善患者肺康复的效果。     

Acellular spinal cord scaffold seeded with bone marrow stromal cells protects tissue and promotes functional recovery in spinal cord‐injured rats

Therapy using scaffolds seeded with stem cells plays an important role in repair of spinal cord injury (SCI), with the transplanted cells differentiating into nerve cells to replace the lost tissue while releasing neurotrophic factors that contribute to repair following SCI and enhance the function of the damaged nervous system. The present study investigated the ability to extend the survival time of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) to restore the damaged spinal cord and improve functional recovery by grafting acellular spinal cord (ASC) scaffold seeded or not with BMSCs in a rat model of acute hemisected SCI. BBB scores revealed that treatment with BMSCs seeded into ASC scaffold led to an obvious improvement in motor function recovery compared with treatment with ASC scaffold alone or untreated controls. This improvement was evident at 2 and 8 weeks after surgery (P < 0.05). When BMSCs labeled with 5‐bromodeoxyuridine were implanted together with ASC scaffold into the injured sites, they differentiated into glial cells, and some BMSCs could be observed within the graft by immunofluorescent staining at 8 weeks after implantation. Evaluation of caspase‐3 activation suggested that the graft group was able to reduce apoptosis compared with SCI alone at 8 weeks after operation (P < 0.05). This study suggests that ASC scaffolds have the ability to enhance BMSC survival and improve differentiation and could also reduce native damaged nerve tissue apoptosis, thus protecting host tissue as well as improving functional recovery after implantation. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.