癌症临床研究中比较各组生存分布的非参数方法

中国医学科学院肿瘤研究所刘韵源等同志,从实验设计和统计方法在肿瘤临床研究中十分重要的观点出发,介绍了几种国外广为采用的统计方法Ⅰ,寿命表和生存函数;Ⅱ比较各种生存分布的非参数方法;Ⅲ预后因素的鉴别和应用等,本刊仅选登尚未被普遍推广使用的非参数法供肿瘤临床研究工作者参考。     

ASSOCIATION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION WITH PRECANCEROUS LESIONS AND STOMACH CANCER. A CASE-CONTROL STUDY IN YANGZHONG COUNTY

Previous study has raised H. pylori infection as a suspected biologic risk factor for gastric cancer. A comparative case-control study involving precancerous lesions and gastric cancer was conducted in Yanzhong county, an area with one of the highest rates of gastric cancer in China to study the relationship between the H. pylori infection and gastric cancer. Subjects in the study were all randomly selected participants of a screening program for gastric cancer sponsored by the Cancer Institute of CAMS in cooperation with Yangzhong county Hospital. Totally, 125 normal controls, 108 superficial gastritis, 111 atrophic gastritis and 110 gastric cancer patients were included in our study according to endoscopy and pathology, result. Status of H. pylori infection was evaluated by measuring Ig G antibody in plasma with ELISA assay.Our result showed Odds ratios of H. pylori infection were higher among gastritis and cancer groups, 4.5(95% CI 2. 5-7.9) for superficial gastritis, 6.3 (95% CI 3.4-12) for atrophic gastritis, 3. 3 (95% CI 1.9-5.9) for gastric cancer. It was found in our study that consumption of pickled vegetables and drinking dirty water increased the relative risk of H. pylori infection for both precancerous lesions and gastric cancer and that H. pylori infection had higher risk of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer for males and also higher risk of atrophic gastritis for olders. Our results strongly support the casual role played by H, pylori infection in the carcinogenic process of gastric mucosa.     

大柴胡汤治疗胁痛、蛔厥验案

<正> 大柴胡汤应用于伤寒少阳、阳明同病,症见往来寒热,胸胁苦满,呕不止,郁郁微烦,心下痞硬,或心下满痛,大便不解或胁热下利,舌苔黄,脉弦有力等。从病位看,心下包括了肝、胆、脾、胃、胰、肠诸疾。从病机看,属于邪积于里,阻滞阳明腑气不通的实证。笔者根据以上认识,应用于临床,只要运用得当,颇有良效。现举例如下。     

髂股静脉血栓形成合并肺栓塞验案

<正> 髂股静脉血栓形成合并肺栓塞一症,临床鲜见且很少报道.现将我院收治一例,采用中西医结合治愈报道于后. 雷××,女,29岁,农民.住院号4208.患者平素体健,于1982年12月10日产后第三天,初觉右下肢肿胀疼痛,步履艰难,曾服去痛片无效.继而全身畏寒发热,乏力,纳差,阴道有少量血性分泌物.我院以“产后感染”、“髂股静脉血栓形成”收住内科病房.迭经青链霉素肌注、扩张血管药治疗五日未效.又突发胸闷气短、呼吸困难、咳嗽、咯血两次量约