Iliopsoas Abscess Due to Brenner Tumor Malignancy: A Case Report

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脊柱转移瘤外科治疗的现状与进展

随着人口老龄化和肿瘤诊治水平的提高，脊柱转移瘤的发病率逐年上升。外科治疗可以缓解局部疼痛、增强脊柱稳定、控制肿瘤复发、提高生存质量、延长生存时间。随着脊柱转移瘤治疗理念和技术的不断进步，骨科医师亟需掌握脊柱转移瘤外科治疗的进展和原则。本文针对脊柱转移瘤外科治疗术前检查与评估、外科治疗方式的选择和围手术期管理三个维度进行总结，以期为脊柱转移瘤的外科治疗提供循证医学证据，规范诊疗流程，进而提高脊柱转移瘤的外科诊疗水平。     

SMYD3 promotes implant metastasis of ovarian cancer via H3K4 trimethylation of integrin promoters

Detachment of cancer cells from the primary tumor and formation of spheroids in ascites is required for implantation metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), but the underlying mechanism of this process has not been thoroughly elucidated. To mimic this process, ovarian cancer cells were grown in 3D and 2D culture. Hey and OVCA433 spheroids exhibited decreased cell proliferation and enhanced adhesion and invasion. SMYD3 expression was elevated in ovarian carcinoma spheroids in association with increased H3K4 methylation. Depletion of SMYD3 by transient siRNA, stable shRNA knockdown and the SMYD3 inhibitor BCI-121 all decreased spheroid invasion and adhesion. Gene expression arrays revealed downregulation of integrin family members. Inhibition assays confirmed that invasion and adhesion of spheroids are mediated by ITGB6 and ITGAM. SMYD3-deficient cells regained the ability to invade and adhere after forced overexpression of SMYD3, ITGB6 and ITGAM. However, this biological ability was not restored by forced overexpression of SMYD3 in ITGB6- and/or ITGAM-deficient cancer cells. SMYD3 and H3K4me3 binding at the ITGB6 and ITGAM promoters was increased in spheroids compared to that in monolayer cells, and the binding was decreased when SMYD3 expression was inhibited, consistent with the expression changes in integrins. SMYD3 expression and integrin-mediated adhesion were also activated in an intraperitoneal xenograft model and in EOC patient spheroids. In vivo, SMYD3 knockdown inhibited tumor metastasis and reduced ascites volume in both the intraperitoneal xenograft model and a PDX model. Overall, our results suggest that the SMYD3-H3K4me3-integrin pathway plays a crucial role in ovarian cancer metastasis to the peritoneal surface.     

Identification of differentially expressed proteins in human stage I lung adenocarcinoma and tumor-adjacent tissues with two-dimension gel electrophoresis profiling

Objective： The aim of this study was to establish reproducible two-dimensional electrophoretic assay used for profiling and identification of differentially expressed proteins in human stage I lung adenocarcinoma and paired normal tumor-adjacent tissue. Methods： The proteins from 12 human stage I lung adenocarcinoma tissues and normal tumor-adjacent tissues were separated using isoelectric focusing electrophoresis （the first dimension） and the subsequent homogeneous SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE） （the second dimension）. The differentially expressed proteins were determined with PDQuest image analysis software, and identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF-MS） and database searching. Results： The well-reproducible 2-DE gel patterns of human stage I lung adenocarcinoma and normal tumor-adjacent tissues were profiled and 26 differentially expressed proteins uncovered. Nine of these 26 protein spots were cut out from the preparation gels and determined with MALDI-TOF-MS. Searching against the protein database, four candidate proteins were identified. They were 60S acidic ribosomal protein P2, Cathepsin B1, Apolipoprotein A-I precursor, and La 4.1 protein. Conclusion： In this study, high reproducible 2-DE gel protein images of human stage I lung adenocarcinoma and paired normal tumor-adjacent tissues were achieved successfully, and 4 differentially expressed proteins were revealed. These data will be helpful for screen of early biomarker and study of molecular mechanisms of human lung adenocarcinoma.     

球形幽门螺杆菌生物学性状及蛋白产物研究球形Hp系列研究之二

目的：研究球形幽门螺杆菌生物学性状和蛋白产物发生的改变。方法：通过延长培养时间和亚抑菌浓度抗生素－－灭滴灵的作用，分别获得两类球形幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）。结果：两种不利于Ｈｐ生长的环境在引起Ｈｐ发生球变的同时，每毫升菌落形成单位（ＣＦＵ／ｍｌ）减少，尿素酶活性降低。结论：球形Ｈｐ尿素酶活性低下，且在常规培养基上不能生长。抗生素的作用比延期培养更快使Ｈｐ发生球形变异。聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳蛋白质条带分析发现抗生素诱变的球形Ｈｐ与正常形态Ｈｐ基本相似，与延期培养的Ｈｐ明显不同。     

基于大学生研究训练计划的预防医学本科生培养模式的思考

针对目前我国预防医学人才培养过程中存在的教育模式陈旧、理论/实践脱节、缺乏多维度融合等的不足,本文提出结合大学生研究训练计划进行预防医学本科生培养模式改革的尝试。但该项改革在实施过程中暴露出许多问题,效果尚不尽如人意,尤其是在应急管理和解决实际问题方面。为了培养出符合时代需求的预防医学实用型人才,基于大学生研究训练计划的预防医学人才培养模式的实施,仍需包括立项、指导和评价等多个方面的长足努力才能保障培养效果。     

呼吸道真菌感染核酸胶体金试纸条快速检测方法的建立和评价

目的 采用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）技术和胶体金技术建立一种呼吸道真菌感染核酸胶体金试纸条检测方法,并对其检测效果进行评价。 方法 根据GenBank数据库选择真菌内转录间隔区（ITS）基因片段作为靶基因,应用DNAMAN软件对真菌ITS基因片段进行分析,并分别在真菌通用引物5'端用生物素（Biotin）和异硫氰酸荧光素（FITC）进行修饰标记;建立PCR体系,进行体系的最佳条件优化;确定胶体金免疫层析试纸条标记链霉亲和素的最佳标记量和质控线及检测线最佳包被物浓度,组装核酸胶体金试纸条,对试纸条的特异度、灵敏度、重复性和稳定性进行验证。 结果 水煮法提取白假丝酵母菌、新生隐球菌和毛霉菌DNA,浓度为180 μg·L^－1以上,纯度为1.60~2.10;在pH 7.0条件下,每100 μL胶体金溶液中制备胶体金标记链霉亲和素最佳标记量为 3.3 μg,质控线包被Biotin化牛血清白蛋白（BSA-Biotin）浓度为2.00 g·L^－1,检测线包被抗FITC抗体浓度为1.00 g·L^－1。核酸试纸条的特异度与电泳结果一致,仅白假丝酵母菌、新生隐球菌和毛霉菌出现阳性结果,与金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌、乙型溶血性链球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和大肠埃希菌等常见呼吸道感染细菌无交叉反应。灵敏度检测,白假丝酵母菌、新生隐球菌和毛霉菌的DNA浓度分别为10^－4、10^－2和10^－3 mg·L^－1时核酸试纸条仍可准确检出,而普通PCR电泳结果显示白假丝酵母菌、新生隐球菌和毛霉菌最低检测浓度分别为0.01、1.00和0.10 mg·L^－1;重复性检测,在不同实验室不同操作人员对核酸试纸条进行验证,结果一致,重复性良好;稳定性检测,核酸试纸条在第6、9和12个月进行检测,结果符合预期,稳定性良好。 结论 本研究建立的呼吸道真菌感染核酸胶体金试纸条可以检测白假丝酵母菌、新生隐球菌和毛霉菌等真菌,特异度和灵敏度均较高,操作简便且快速。     

动物痛行为学检测方法的研究进展

疼痛研究的最终目的是寻找有效镇痛手段。目前临床治疗方法不能充分控制顽固性疼痛,主要归结于疼痛的机制仍不十分清楚,对实验室动物痛行为学进行研究有助于揭示疼痛的相关机制。经典刺激诱发痛行为学检测,如vonFrey痛阈实验、甩尾实验、热板实验哈格里夫斯实验等,已用于大鼠和小鼠动物研究多年,且在检测镇痛效果方面存在一定的缺陷和不足,急需新的可靠的行为学检测助力痛觉机制研究和镇痛策略研发。本文对动物痛行为学检测的最新研究进展进行综述,重点介绍了8种检测方法:鬼脸量表、自主行为、转轮跑步行为、挖洞行为、筑巢行为、家庭笼监控、步态分析以及条件性位置偏爱/厌恶。每种检测方法均给出其优缺点,以帮助研究者选择最合适的行为学检测方法。     

核转录因子-κB在缺氧预处理抑制心肌细胞凋亡中的作用

目的 :研究缺氧预处理 (hypoxicpreconditioning ,HPC)对于心肌细胞蛋白激酶C(PKC)和核转录因子κB (NF κB)表达的影响 ,及其在缺氧复氧诱导心肌细胞凋亡中的作用。方法 :在培养的SD乳鼠心肌细胞制作缺氧 /复氧 (H/R)模型 ,以荧光素染料Hoechst3 3 2 5 8测定心肌细胞凋亡率 ;制备心肌细胞蛋白提取物 ,以新PKCε亚型 (nPKCε)特异性抗体测定nPKCε相对蛋白含量 ;以抗NF κB抗体检测NF κB的表达 ;并以PKC抑制剂H7与心肌细胞预孵育后 ,观察H7对于HPC诱导的PKC和NF κB表达上调以及心肌细胞保护作用的影响。结果 :缺氧复氧造成心肌细胞凋亡 ,HPC可以降低心肌细胞H/R后凋亡率 ,并诱导nPKCε和NF κB表达上调 ;PKC抑制剂H7可以消除HPC诱导的PKC、NF κB表达上调和心肌细胞保护作用。结论 :HPC可以提高乳鼠心肌细胞对于H/R的耐受性 ,其机制涉及PKC介导的NF κB表达上调。