多潘立酮在增强结肠运动中的作用

Objective To observe the prokinetic effect of domperidone on colon and compare with that of mosapride and cisapride.Methods ① In viva experiment:forty rats were divided into control,domperidone,mosapride,and cisapride groups with 10 in each group.Stran gauges were planted both in proximal and distal colons and colonic motor activities were recoded in conscious rats.② In vitro experiment:the prokinetics effects of dopamine or dopamine combined with domperidone on the contraction of isolated rat colon strips were recorded by tone-transducers in the thermostatic muscle bath.Results In viva experiments:① in the interdigestive period of resting,activities of rhythimic phasic contraction were recoded in colon at conscious rats,and ② it had been showed that dornperidone significantly enhanced the contraction of colon in dose-dependent manner.Compared with control group,the mean contraction amplitude of proximal colon and distal colon increased by 84.61% ± 7.26% and 76.37 % ± 8.47% in domeridone group,respectively,which was higher than those in mosapride group (50.32%±8.16% and 45.13%±7.16%,respectively),but as same as those in cisapride group (92.55% ± 8.37% and 81.27% ± 9.95%,respectively).In vitro experiments:① perfusion of dopamin (40 mg/ml) could significantly decrease the contraction of isolated colon strip by 91.56% ± 10.24% in comparison with Krebs-Ringer solution,and ① domperidone could block the relaxant effect of dopamin on the isolated colon strip.Conclusions Domperidone can significantly enhance the colonic motor activities via antidopaminergic action.The effects of domperidone are similar as eisapride and greater than mosapride.     

顽固性腹水的治疗

解除腹水的腹腔穿刺术已应用至少二千年,与此技术有关的许多危险也早被认识。穿刺术虽有并发症,但其应用仍延续至今。这主要是由于没有一种代替的疗法。近代利尿剂的出现使治疗为之改观。速尿及安体舒通为首选药物。产生腹水的原因     

多潘立酮增强胃运动作用的中枢机制

目的　多潘立酮 (Domperidone ,Domp)是一种抗呕吐的促胃肠动力药 ,其抗呕吐作用部位的延髓最后区 (Areapostrema ,AP)的促动力作用至今未见报导。本工作旨在研究多潘立酮对延髓最后区兴奋胃消化间期移行性复合运动 (MMC)的作用及其作用途径。方法　在清醒大鼠进行实验 ,在胃窦缝植应力传感器 ,通过电桥与自动平衡记录仪记录胃窦的MMC运动。AP注射部位根据脑定位图谱的AP位置埋藏不锈钢注射管 ,观察AP注入Domp对胃MMC运动的中枢作用。结果　 1 消化间期胃窦MMC运动 (n =10 )　胃窦MMC周期为 10 2 5± 1 32min ,其中Ⅰ相时程为 3…     

多潘立酮在增强结肠运动中的作用

Objective To observe the prokinetic effect of domperidone on colon and compare with that of mosapride and cisapride.Methods ① In viva experiment:forty rats were divided into control,domperidone,mosapride,and cisapride groups with 10 in each group.Stran gauges were planted both in proximal and distal colons and colonic motor activities were recoded in conscious rats.② In vitro experiment:the prokinetics effects of dopamine or dopamine combined with domperidone on the contraction of isolated rat colon strips were recorded by tone-transducers in the thermostatic muscle bath.Results In viva experiments:① in the interdigestive period of resting,activities of rhythimic phasic contraction were recoded in colon at conscious rats,and ② it had been showed that dornperidone significantly enhanced the contraction of colon in dose-dependent manner.Compared with control group,the mean contraction amplitude of proximal colon and distal colon increased by 84.61% ± 7.26% and 76.37 % ± 8.47% in domeridone group,respectively,which was higher than those in mosapride group (50.32%±8.16% and 45.13%±7.16%,respectively),but as same as those in cisapride group (92.55% ± 8.37% and 81.27% ± 9.95%,respectively).In vitro experiments:① perfusion of dopamin (40 mg/ml) could significantly decrease the contraction of isolated colon strip by 91.56% ± 10.24% in comparison with Krebs-Ringer solution,and ① domperidone could block the relaxant effect of dopamin on the isolated colon strip.Conclusions Domperidone can significantly enhance the colonic motor activities via antidopaminergic action.The effects of domperidone are similar as eisapride and greater than mosapride.     

内源性鸦片类物质、海洛因成瘾与非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病

最近Feldberg等提出人的非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(NIDDM)的机制可能归因于胰腺外因素损伤了β-细胞的功能。他们提出支持这一理论的详细证据并指出Lohmann等研究的重要但被忽视的结果。Lohmann等证明在NIDDM的体内,胰岛素对葡萄糖的反应受到阻碍,但在体外对这些病人的胰岛进行研究时,胰岛素对葡萄糖的反应却正常。这一观察表明糖尿病病人胰腺的内环境不正常。自从1981年以来,作者研究了海洛因成瘾者的一种继发性或“人为”糖尿病类型,发现海洛因成瘾者的糖基化血红蛋白A_1及糖基化蛋     

新生儿血液过滤器酶系统

费城消息:美国化学学会最近举行了一次会议,据研究人员报告,固定酶反应器系统对消除体外循环期间血液中的物质(如肝素或胆红素)是有效的。用于新生儿黄疸的胆红素消除系统将很快投入试验;肝素清除法也已进行过动物试验。以上两种系统作用原理相同,即血液流过一个含有一些包被着适当酶的密封小珠容器。这些     

多潘立酮在增强结肠运动中的作用

Objective To observe the prokinetic effect of domperidone on colon and compare with that of mosapride and cisapride.Methods ① In viva experiment:forty rats were divided into control,domperidone,mosapride,and cisapride groups with 10 in each group.Stran gauges were planted both in proximal and distal colons and colonic motor activities were recoded in conscious rats.② In vitro experiment:the prokinetics effects of dopamine or dopamine combined with domperidone on the contraction of isolated rat colon strips were recorded by tone-transducers in the thermostatic muscle bath.Results In viva experiments:① in the interdigestive period of resting,activities of rhythimic phasic contraction were recoded in colon at conscious rats,and ② it had been showed that dornperidone significantly enhanced the contraction of colon in dose-dependent manner.Compared with control group,the mean contraction amplitude of proximal colon and distal colon increased by 84.61% ± 7.26% and 76.37 % ± 8.47% in domeridone group,respectively,which was higher than those in mosapride group (50.32%±8.16% and 45.13%±7.16%,respectively),but as same as those in cisapride group (92.55% ± 8.37% and 81.27% ± 9.95%,respectively).In vitro experiments:① perfusion of dopamin (40 mg/ml) could significantly decrease the contraction of isolated colon strip by 91.56% ± 10.24% in comparison with Krebs-Ringer solution,and ① domperidone could block the relaxant effect of dopamin on the isolated colon strip.Conclusions Domperidone can significantly enhance the colonic motor activities via antidopaminergic action.The effects of domperidone are similar as eisapride and greater than mosapride.     

多潘立酮在增强结肠运动中的作用

Objective To observe the prokinetic effect of domperidone on colon and compare with that of mosapride and cisapride.Methods ① In viva experiment:forty rats were divided into control,domperidone,mosapride,and cisapride groups with 10 in each group.Stran gauges were planted both in proximal and distal colons and colonic motor activities were recoded in conscious rats.② In vitro experiment:the prokinetics effects of dopamine or dopamine combined with domperidone on the contraction of isolated rat colon strips were recorded by tone-transducers in the thermostatic muscle bath.Results In viva experiments:① in the interdigestive period of resting,activities of rhythimic phasic contraction were recoded in colon at conscious rats,and ② it had been showed that dornperidone significantly enhanced the contraction of colon in dose-dependent manner.Compared with control group,the mean contraction amplitude of proximal colon and distal colon increased by 84.61% ± 7.26% and 76.37 % ± 8.47% in domeridone group,respectively,which was higher than those in mosapride group (50.32%±8.16% and 45.13%±7.16%,respectively),but as same as those in cisapride group (92.55% ± 8.37% and 81.27% ± 9.95%,respectively).In vitro experiments:① perfusion of dopamin (40 mg/ml) could significantly decrease the contraction of isolated colon strip by 91.56% ± 10.24% in comparison with Krebs-Ringer solution,and ① domperidone could block the relaxant effect of dopamin on the isolated colon strip.Conclusions Domperidone can significantly enhance the colonic motor activities via antidopaminergic action.The effects of domperidone are similar as eisapride and greater than mosapride.     

多潘立酮在增强食管和下食管括约肌运动的作用

目的 观察多潘立酮对食管和下食管括约肌(LES)的促动力作用,并与莫沙必利及西沙必利比较.方法 在体实验:将40只大鼠分为对照组、多潘立酮组、莫沙必利组和西沙必利组.在各组大鼠近端食管体、远端食管体和LES埋植应力传感器,记录清醒大鼠食管体和LES运动.离体实验:在恒温灌流肌槽中,采用张力传感器测定多潘立酮、莫沙必利、西沙必利对大鼠离体食管体及LES肌条的收缩活动.结果 在体实验:①清醒大鼠在消化间期的静息状态下,食管体呈现轻微的收缩运动.LES则出现典型的消化间期移行性复合运动(MMC)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ相,其收缩强度大于食管体.②多潘立酮可明显增加食管体及LES的收缩运动.使近端食管体与远端食管体及LES平均振幅分别比对照组增加63.24%±7.17%,75.54%±5.27%和85.81%±6.02%,并呈剂量-效应关系.同等剂量的莫沙必利对近端食管体和远端食管体及LES平均振幅分别比对照组增加29.71%±4.15%,40.15%±3.30%和35.24%±5.36%.莫沙必利对食管和LES的促动力作用大大低于多潘立酮.而同等剂量的西沙必利对近端食管体和远端食管体及LES平均振幅分别比对照组增加59.84%±6.55%,70.11%±5.62%,75.13%±5.10%,其促动力作用与多潘立酮相同.离体实验:①灌流多潘立酮可明显刺激离体食管体肌条和LES肌条收缩,分别较Krebs-Ringer液对照组增加87.74%±7.65%和92.44%±7.17%.同等剂量的莫沙必利平均振幅分别较对照组Kreha-Ringer液增加35.42%±5.02%和31.12%±4.32%.莫沙必利的促动力作用大大低于多潘立酮.而同等剂量的西沙必利对离体食管和LES促动力作用与多潘立酮相同.②阿托品与河豚毒素均可阻断多潘立酮刺激食管及LES的动力作用.结论 多潘立酮可明显刺激食管体收缩及明显增强LES动力,上述作用均明显优于莫沙必利并与西沙必利作用相同.多潘立酮增强食管与LES动力的作用机制,除已知阻断多巴胺受体外,还可能通过肠神经系统内胆碱能神经介导.     

HTLV-Ⅲ/LAV感染机制

目前,美国国立癌症研究所Robert Gallo认为,HTLV-Ⅲ/LAV感染是通过细胞传播,不是经过病毒颗粒。他的关于感染传播的设想是:当一个供者的细胞被一个受者细胞识别时,便会出现一种综合的淋巴细胞反应,随后释放出激活该病毒基因[包括转活化转录基因(tat)]始动序列的淋巴因子,进而引致新感染宿主的病毒表达。这一机制有可能解释HTLV-Ⅲ/LAV通过接触传染性不强,而部分须经含有淋巴细胞的体液传播的原因。