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排序方式: 共有63条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
N A Carlone M Ferrero A M Cuffini R Cavallo 《Drugs under experimental and clinical research》1987,13(10):623-629
Imipenem, a new carbapenem antibiotic shows an extremely broad spectrum of antibacterial activity for almost all Gram-negative and Gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. It is stable to beta-lactamases and shows a high affinity for PBP 2. The changes in morphology and ultrastructure caused by the antibiotic on Ps. aeruginosa confirm that imipenem acts by binding primarily to PBP 2, resulting in irregular and round shaped cells, and later during treatment to PBP 1 with cellular lysis. The involvement of PBP 1 is also demonstrated by the fast bactericidal kinetics on Ps. aeruginosa, E. coli and Staph. aureus. 相似文献
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Reato G Cuffini AM Tullio V Mandras N Roana J Banche G Foa R Carlone NA 《International journal of antimicrobial agents》2004,23(2):150-154
It has been previously demonstrated that some antimicrobial agents enhance activities of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). The effect on the release of cytokines in an inflammatory context from PMNs by these antibiotics was evaluated. We studied the effect of the release of some cytokines by human PMNs RT-PCR analysis on a clinical strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae by comparing the effect with that observed in the presence of co-amoxiclav, sanfetrinem, clarithromycin, prulifloxacin and tobramycin. All the drugs tested were capable of modulating PMN synthesis in vitro of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IL-6, but not that of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The degree of their stimulatory or inhibitory potency varied with the cytokine examined. 相似文献
4.
Cuffini AM Tullio V Mandras N Roana J Scalas D Banche G Carlone NA 《International journal of tissue reactions》2002,24(1):37-44
There is an urgent need for antibiotics that can be used in the therapy of infections caused by penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, the incidence of which is often associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Antibiotics that can interact positively with the immune response and that also possess microbicidal properties might significantly contribute to improving the outcome of S. pneumoniae infections. Therefore, in the present study we investigated the effect of clarithromycin, an extended spectrum macrolide currently used in the treatment of respiratory tract infections, on the in vitro interaction between human polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN) and three strains of S. pneumoniae with different susceptibility or resistance patterns to both penicillin and clarithromycin. At a concentration of one-half the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), clarithromycin significantly enhanced human PMN functions, particularly intracellular bactericidal activity, against all the S. pneumoniae strains, including resistant ones. This finding may help to explain clarithromycin activity in vivo despite apparent resistance in vitro. Preexposure of PMNs to one-half the MIC of clarithromycin had no effect on either phagocytosis or intracellular killing, ruling out a direct antibiotic action on PMNs. Preexposure of streptococci to clarithromycin increased the susceptibility of S. pneumoniae to the bactericidal mechanisms of human PMNs compared with untreated bacteria, indicating that this macrolide may partly reduce bacterial virulence via changes in S. pneumoniae. 相似文献
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The in vitro activities of two new miconazole and econazole salts with the sulphosalicylic acid against 71 clinical isolates of dermatophytes were evaluated in comparison with those of miconazole, miconazole nitrate, econazole and econazole nitrate. Miconazole sulphosalicylate and econazole sulphosalicylate were equally effective in inhibiting the fungal growth compared with miconazole, econazole, and their nitrates. 相似文献
6.
Killing of macrophage-ingested mycobacteria by rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and pyrazinoic acid alone and in combination 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
N A Carlone G Acocella A M Cuffini M Forno-Pizzoglio 《The American review of respiratory disease》1985,132(6):1274-1277
A study was undertaken with the aim of assessing the killing capacity of rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and pyrazinoic acid on macrophage-ingested, live Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The 3 drugs were used at concentrations corresponding to the average peak levels observed in humans after administration of therapeutic doses that had been found to penetrate into macrophages in a previous study. The degree of killing was studied after exposure of the cell cultures to the individual drugs and their combinations for 3, 18, 24, 48, and 72 h. Comparing the degree of killing in the control, drug-free cultures with that observed in the drug-containing systems, over a period of 3 to 24 h, indicated that in these a greater, more rapid, although not statistically significant, killing of intracellular mycobacteria took place. At 48 h the degree of killing was similar in the control and in the drug-containing cell cultures. Between 48 and 72 h, however, a marked growth of intracellular mycobacteria was observed in the control cultures. This phenomenon was much less evident in the drug-containing cultures. No major increase in the killing effect with respect to that observed with the individual drugs was found after exposure of the macrophages to all possible combinations of the 3 drugs. 相似文献
7.
Giuliana Banche Pierangiola Bracco Alessandro Bistolfi Valeria Allizond Michele Boffano Luigi Costa Andrea Cimino Anna Maria Cuffini Elena Maria Brach del Prever 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2011,29(11):1662-1667
Biomaterial‐associated infection (BAI), a clinical problem resulting in septic failure of joint replacement implants, is initiated by bacterial adhesion, often by Staphylococcus epidermidis. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a material of choice for joint replacement; reducing the adhesion of S. epidermidis to the polymer could be a means to decrease infection. We examined the adhesion of two ATCC and one clinical strain of S. epidermidis to standard polyethylene (PE), vitamin E blended UHMWPE (VE‐PE), and oxidized UHMWPE (OX‐PE) after different incubation times: a significant (p < 0.01) decrease in the adhered staphylococci on VE‐PE and a significantly higher incidence of the dislodged biofilm bacteria on OX‐PE was observed compared with that registered on PE. With attenuated total reflectance (ATR)–FTIR spectroscopy before and after suspension in bacterial medium for 48 h, new absorptions were observed mainly in OX‐PE, indicating adsorption of protein‐like substances on the polymer surface. We hypothesized that the different hydrophilicity of the surfaces with different chemical characteristics influenced protein adsorption and bacterial adhesion. These results may have clinical implications concerning the prevention of septic loosening: the VE‐PE could have the potential to reduce S. epidermidis adhesive ability if the preliminary data observed in these selected strains is further confirmed, as diversity among clinical strains is well known. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:1662–1667, 2011 相似文献
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9.
Thiago Caon Ricardo Augusto Konig Ariadne Cristiane Cabral da Cruz Simone Gonçalves Cardoso Carlos Eduardo Maduro Campos Silvia Lucia Cuffini Letícia Scherer Koester Cláudia Maria Oliveira Simões 《Archives of pharmacal research》2013,36(9):1113-1125
Solid dispersions of saquinavir mesylate containing either Gelucire® 44/14 or poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) 4000, or mixtures of each carrier with Tween 80 or polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) K30 were prepared in order to enhance the drug dissolution rate. These systems were prepared by the melting method and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, microscopical techniques, and Raman spectroscopy aiming to establish a relationship between physicochemical and dissolution properties under different cooling conditions. Modifications in degree of crystalline order/disorder over time were observed in preparations with both carriers. Overall, formulations cooled and stored at ?20 °C showed less variation in dissolution rates than those at 25 °C. Although Tween 80 has enhanced the known self-emulsifying properties of Gelucire® 44/14, its combination with PEG 4000 displayed miscibility problems. The addition of PVP K30 was not the most effective approach in enhancing the dissolution in early steps; however, the drug dissolution was stable after 7 days of storage at 25 °C. The combination of PEG 4000 and PVP K30 maintained the dissolution properties for 60 and 90 days at 25 °C/95 % relative humidity and 40 °C/75 % (f 2 values >50), respectively. 相似文献
10.
Tullio V Cuffini AM Banche G Mandras N Allizond V Roana J Giacchino F Bonello F Ungheri D Carlone NA 《International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology》2008,21(1):153-160
Antimicrobial agents and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) have the potential to interact in such a way that improve the therapy for infectious diseases. In immunocompromised patients highly susceptible to microbial infections with high morbidity and mortality, several metabolic and functional alterations in PMNs, mostly related to microbicidal activity, are observed. Therefore, the antibiotic of choice should have a good antimicrobial effect without impairing host defences. The aim of this study is to evaluate in vitro effects of sub-inhibiting fosfomycin tromethamine (FT) concentrations on the primary functions of PMNs from healthy subjects and immunocompromised patients (haemodialysed and renal transplant recipients), against an ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, the most common aetiological agent in urinary tract infections (UTIs). FT is considered a first line drug in the eradication of UTIs due to its appropriate antimicrobial spectrum, oral bioavailability and minimal risk of microbial resistance. Our results provide evidence that FT is able to induce enhancement of the depressed phagocytic response of PMNs from patients on chronic haemodialysis and from renal transplant recipients, restoring their primary functions in vitro against ESBL-producing E. coli. All these data permit the conclusion that uremic-infected patients might additionally benefit from the immunomodulating properties of FT. 相似文献