全文获取类型
收费全文 | 989篇 |
免费 | 103篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
儿科学 | 33篇 |
妇产科学 | 3篇 |
基础医学 | 138篇 |
口腔科学 | 10篇 |
临床医学 | 178篇 |
内科学 | 322篇 |
皮肤病学 | 13篇 |
神经病学 | 32篇 |
特种医学 | 83篇 |
外科学 | 94篇 |
综合类 | 16篇 |
预防医学 | 82篇 |
眼科学 | 13篇 |
药学 | 47篇 |
2篇 | |
肿瘤学 | 30篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2020年 | 16篇 |
2019年 | 15篇 |
2018年 | 15篇 |
2017年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 11篇 |
2015年 | 14篇 |
2014年 | 19篇 |
2013年 | 32篇 |
2012年 | 34篇 |
2011年 | 21篇 |
2010年 | 28篇 |
2009年 | 32篇 |
2008年 | 43篇 |
2007年 | 39篇 |
2006年 | 44篇 |
2005年 | 39篇 |
2004年 | 53篇 |
2003年 | 20篇 |
2002年 | 39篇 |
2001年 | 34篇 |
2000年 | 39篇 |
1999年 | 48篇 |
1998年 | 36篇 |
1997年 | 27篇 |
1996年 | 24篇 |
1995年 | 26篇 |
1994年 | 22篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 26篇 |
1991年 | 20篇 |
1990年 | 28篇 |
1989年 | 30篇 |
1988年 | 19篇 |
1987年 | 18篇 |
1986年 | 20篇 |
1985年 | 16篇 |
1984年 | 16篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 15篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 11篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 7篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1096条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
M S Lipsky 《American family physician》1986,34(5):173-177
Patients with chronic hiccups should be carefully examined for an underlying disorder while receiving symptomatic treatment. Treatment includes physical maneuvers, drugs such as chlorpromazine, metoclopramide, anticonvulsants or quinidine, and other, less tested modalities such as hypnosis. Only those patients with disabling hiccups that do not respond to conservative treatment should be considered for phrenic nerve surgery. 相似文献
2.
Clinical aspects of pelvic inflammatory disease 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common and poorly managed condition.
Untreated or inadequately treated, it leads to tubal infertility, ectopic
pregnancy and chronic pelvic pain. Diagnostic difficulties are compounded
by the wide variety of clinical presentations and the insensitivity and
poor specificity of laboratory tests. Better recognition of mild and
atypical disease needs a high index of suspicion whenever young, sexually
active women present with gynaecological symptoms. Laparoscopy supplemented
by microbiological tests and fimbrial minibiopsy should be regarded as the
diagnostic 'gold standard' for research studies; new studies are required
to identify techniques which might reduce under- and over-diagnosis. Early
treatment reduces the risk of an adverse effect on fertility. Any
therapeutic regimen selected should be effective against the common
aetiological agents Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, genital
mycoplasmas and aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Since at least 60% of cases
of PID can be attributed to infection with a sexually transmitted organism,
partner notification forms an essential part of management.
相似文献
3.
Screening for early ovarian cancer 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
4.
5.
In an attempt to elucidate factors predisposing to the occurrence of urethral stricture after transurethral resection of the prostate, we performed a prospective follow-up of 178 patients over 12-20 months. We took account of 11 factors that we considered important. Urethral strictures developed in 14.04% of the patients. The resection operations were carried out by five different surgeons, who had different rates of stricture. The only one of the 11 factors studied that was found to involve a statistically significant risk was the presence of an indwelling catheter for more than 3 days. No other factor influenced the result. This patient group was compared with a group of 73 patients followed up for 12-60 months following transvesical prostatectomy. In this group only one stricture (1.36% incidence rate) was observed retrospectively. It seems that urethral ischaemia might increase the risk of urethral stricture. Urethral injuries are considerably less frequent with open prostatectomy. Therefore, we recommend transvesical prostatectomy for pronounced prostatic hyperplasias. 相似文献
6.
Incidence and determinants of moderate COPD (GOLD II) in male smokers aged 40–65 years: 5-year follow up 下载免费PDF全文
Roeland MM Geijer Alfred PE Sachs Theo JM Verheij Philippe L Salom Jan-Willem J Lammers Arno W Hoes 《The British journal of general practice》2006,56(530):656-661
BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health problem with an estimated prevalence of 10-15% among smokers. The incidence of moderate COPD, as defined by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), is largely unknown. AIM: To determine the cumulative incidence of moderate COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ratio [FEV1/FVC] <0.7 and FEV1 <80% predicted) and its association with patient characteristics in a cohort of male smokers. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: The city of IJsselstein, a small town in the Netherlands. METHOD: Smokers aged 40-65 years who were registered with local GPs, participated in a study to identify undetected COPD. Baseline measurements were taken in 1998 of 399 smokers with normal spirometry (n = 292) or mild COPD (FEV1/FVC <0.7 and FEV1 >or=80% predicted, n = 107) and follow-up measurements were conducted in 2003. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 5.2 years, 33 participants developed moderate COPD (GOLD II). This showed an estimated cumulative incidence of 8.3% (95% CI = 5.8 to 11.4) and a mean annual incidence of 1.6%. No participant developed severe airflow obstruction. The risk of developing moderate COPD in smokers with baseline mild COPD (GOLD I) was five times higher than in those with baseline normal spirometry (one in five versus one in 25). CONCLUSIONS: In a cohort of middle-aged male smokers, the estimated cumulative incidence of moderate COPD (GOLD II) over 5 years was relatively high (8.3%). Age, childhood smoking, cough, and one or more GP contacts for lower respiratory tract problems were independently associated with incident moderate COPD. 相似文献
7.
Chest radiography in general practice: indications, diagnostic yield and consequences for patient management 下载免费PDF全文
Anouk M Speets Yolanda van der Graaf Arno W Hoes Sandra Kalmijn Alfred PE Sachs Matthieu JCM Rutten Jan Willem C Gratama Alexander D Montauban van Swijndregt Willem PThM Mali 《The British journal of general practice》2006,56(529):574-578
BACKGROUND: Chest radiography (CXR) is frequently performed in Western societies. There is insufficient knowledge of its diagnostic value in terms of changes in patient management decisions in primary care. AIM: To assess the influence of CXR on patient management in general practice. DESIGN OF STUDY: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Seventy-eight GPs and three general hospitals in the Netherlands. METHOD: Patients (n = 792) aged > or =18 years referred by their GPs for CXR were included. The main outcome was change in patient management assessed by means of questionnaires filled in by GPs before and after CXR. RESULTS: Mean age of the patients was 57.3+/-16.2 years and 53% were male. Clinically relevant abnormalities were found in 24% of the CXRs. Patient management changed in 60% of the patients following CXR. Main changes included: fewer referrals to a medical specialist (from 26 to 12%); reduction in initiation or change in therapy (from 24 to 15%); and more frequent reassurance (from 25 to 46%). However, this reassurance was not perceived as such in a quarter of these patients. A change in patient management occurred significantly more frequently in patients with complaints of cough (67%), those who exhibited abnormalities during physical examination (69%), or those with a suspected diagnosis of pneumonia (68%). CONCLUSION: Patient management by the GP changed in 60% of patients following CXR. CXR substantially reduced the number of referrals and initiation or change in therapy, and more patients were reassured by their GP. Thus, CXR is an important diagnostic tool for GPs and seems a cost-effective diagnostic test. 相似文献
8.
9.
R. I. Brezinschek H. P. Brezinschek A. I. Lazarovits P. E. Lipsky N. Oppenheimer-Marks 《The American journal of pathology》1996,149(5):1651-1660
Integrin adhesion receptors mediate fundamental intercellular interactions of many cell types as well as cellular interactions with specific extracellular matrix molecules. To date, the beta 7 integrin has been shown to be expressed by leukocyte subsets and to mediate interactions of these cells with extracellular matrix molecules as well as with endothelial and epithelial cells. The data presented here indicate that human endothelial cells also express the beta 7 integrin both in vitro and in situ. Analysis of cDNA indicated that endothelial beta 7 was identical to that expressed by leukocytes. Cell surface expression of beta 7 was increased by exposure of the endothelium to the pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta. In leukocytes, beta 7 complexes with alpha 4 or alpha E integrin chains. Endothelial cells also expressed a number of alpha-integrin chains, including alpha 4, but not alpha E. The expression and utilization of beta 7, presumably complexed with alpha 4, by endothelial cells may be instrumental in the maintenance of the function or phenotype of endothelial cells. 相似文献
10.
K. Johani B.G. Fritz T. Bjarnsholt B.A. Lipsky S.O. Jensen M. Yang A. Dean H. Hu K. Vickery M. Malone 《Clinical microbiology and infection》2019,25(3):332-339