真空微波工艺条件对香脆鳙鱼片品质的影响

研究了预脱水鱼片含水量、微波功率、真空度对真空微波加工香脆鳙鱼片品质的影响,在此基础上,采用混合正交试验进一步优化了真空微波制备香脆鳙鱼片的工艺条件。研究结果表明,适宜的水分含量和微波功率可以提高鱼片的膨化率和脆度,改善鱼片的感官品质。高真空度可以改善鱼片的膨化作用和脆性,提高微波加热的效率,很大程度上避免了鱼片出现焦黑点。最佳的真空微波加热条件是预脱水鱼片水分质量分数控制在(15.3±1)%(50℃鼓风干燥3.5 h),微波功率设定为高火档(686±3.5)W,在真空度0.095 MPa下加热12 s后,间歇摇匀后再加热10 s。     

现代计算机技术在户外广告中的应用

针对目前我国户外广告发展状况,简述了计算机技术在户外广告设计、规划中的应用及其影响。     

强脉冲光与HGM激光联合非侵入性治疗面部皮肤光老化

目的观察强脉冲光治疗仪与HGM激光器联合应用非侵入性治疗面部皮肤光老化的效果.方法对460例Fitzpatrick Ⅲ、Ⅳ型皮肤光老化患者,采用560 nm强脉冲光与532 nm HGM激光联合治疗4次,治疗分两步进行,首先使用560 nm强脉冲光,能量密度30～40 J/cm2的光子嫩肤治疗,然后使用532 nm HGM激光器,能量密度35～60 J/cm2,施行局部针对治疗.治疗间隔均为2周.分别于最后一次治疗的4、8周后,随访治疗效果和并发症情况.结果经4次治疗8周后,随访90%患者毛细血管扩张、毛孔粗大、色素沉着和细小皱纹改善的程度均达到了75%以上.主要并发症为短暂红斑和水疱.结论 560 nm强脉冲光治疗仪与532 nm HGM激光器联合应用治疗面部皮肤光老化性毛细血管扩张、毛孔粗大、色素沉着和细小皱纹,疗效可靠,并发症少,是一种理想的非侵入性治疗亚洲人Fitzpatrick Ⅲ、Ⅳ型皮肤光老化的方法.     

饮食营养配合必需氨基酸治疗尿毒症的疗效分析

尿毒症是各种慢性肾脏疾患恶化的结果。笔者对6例尿毒症病人采用麦淀粉配方饮食,配合必需氨基酸疗法,取得了较好的疗效,现总结如下。1 材料与方法1.1 一般资料本组男5例,女7例,年龄25岁～50岁。12例患者均为慢性肾小球肾炎、慢性肾功不     

副溶血性弧菌引起食物中毒的病原学分析

2004年9月初，沈阳市皇姑区某自助餐厅发生一起食物中毒，经流行病学调查及实验室检查，确认为由副溶血性弧菌引起。现将病原学检测结果分析报告如下。     

沈阳市大学生超重与肥胖患病现况及影响因素

[目的]了解沈阳市大学生超重与肥胖现况及影响因素，为制定肥胖防治措施提供依据。[方法]利用中国7城研究项目：中国境内烟草使用与控制和生活方式的研究中沈阳市大学生健康行为调查和身体测量资料。用体重指数（body mass index，BMI,体重／身高^2,kg／m^2）标准筛查超重、肥胖。[结果]超重与肥胖的粗患病率分别为14．6％，5．8％；多因素Logistic回归分析发现，影响超重的因素有参加运动队、有兄弟姐妹、摄入蔬菜少和看电视时间长，OR值分别为0．67，0．54，1．23，1．60；影响肥胖的因素主要有参加运动队、有兄弟姐妹、精神压力大、摄入牛奶、喜食油炸食品、肉类和看电视时间长，OR值分别为0．49，0．32，0．80，1．55，1.20，1．25，1．45。[结论]运动不足、饮食结构不合理、精神因素等不良生活方式是造成大学生肥胖的主要影响因素。     

鼓室硬化和非鼓室硬化中耳炎抗氧化能力的差异性研究

目的 了解鼓室硬化和非鼓室硬化中耳炎患者在抗氧化物质超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalnse,CAT)活性及过氧化反应产物丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)浓度方面的差异,以进一步探讨鼓室硬化形成的机制.方法 回顾分析56例(56耳)中耳炎、中耳炎后遗症手术患者资料,分成两组:鼓室硬化组26耳,非鼓室硬化组30耳.测定所有患者血浆、红细胞中SOD、CAT活力及血浆、中耳组织中MDA浓度.结果 分析用秩和检验及相关分析.结果 两组血浆中MDA含量差异无统计学意义.鼓室硬化组中耳组织中MDA含量较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组红细胞中SOD和CAT活力差异无统计学意义.鼓室硬化组血浆中的SOD和CAT活力较非鼓室硬化组低.差异有统计学意义.鼓室硬化组术前的听力平均值与其各检测项目所测得的MDA、SOD、CAT值均不存在相关(P>0.05).结论 鼓室硬化患者可能存在局部氧自由基浓度增高和抗氧化物质活性降低的情况.局部氧自由基浓度增高,血液抗氧化物质无法进入中耳组织,可能是形成鼓室硬化的病理基础.     

碘缺乏和甲状腺功能减退对大鼠仔鼠小脑细胞外信号调节激酶1/2蛋白表达的影响

Objective To study the effects of iodine deficiency and hypothyroidism on protein expression of extracellular signal-regulate kinase(ERK1/2) in the cerebellum of rots. Methods Twenty-eight healthy Wistar rots, female, 60 days old, were randomly divided according to their body weight into control group, iodine deficient group and hypothyroidism groups. Hypothyroidism groups in accordance with drinking water containing propylthiouracil(PTU) were divided into doses of 5 mg/L and 15 mg/L groups, 7 rats in each group. Rats after pregnancy, iodine deficient rats were administered with iodine-deficient diet and hypothyroid rats were administered with PTU in drinking water. Pup's cerebellum in each group were weighed on day 14,21,28 and 42. Cerebellum tissue was observed for cerebellar morphology using silver staining and detected for ERK1/2 protein using immunohistochemistry on day 7,14,21,28 and 42. Results On day 14,21,28 and 42, cerebellum weight of pups from iodine-deficient[(0.0945±0.0233), (0.1347±0.0046), (0.1542±0.0094), (0.1949±0.0048)g]were significantly lighter than control[(0.1856±0.0123), (0.2049±0.0098), (0.2268±0.0065), (0.2606±0.0086)g, all P < 0.05]and hypothyroidism groups [for 5 mg/L group: (0.1741±0.0172), (0.1927±0.0103), (0.2181±0.0064), (0.2583±0.0054)g, all P<0.05; for 15 mg/L group: (0.1604±0.0083), (0.1682±0.0103), (0.1996±0.0073) and (0.2579±0.0067)g, all P< 0.05]the difference had statistical significance(F=6.325,8.870, 16.191 and 21.574, all P<0.05). Compared to the controls on day 7, iodine-deficient group didn't have clear layers; on day 21, disappearance of external granule cells from iodine-deficient and 15 mg/L groups was delayed, still two or three layer external granule cells remained; on day 28 and 42, molecular layer from 5, 15 mg/L and iodine-deficient groups and became thinner. Immunohistochemistry showed that on day 7, there was no statistical difference of integrated optical density average of ERK1/2, in all the groups(F=1.102, P>0.05); on day 14,21,28 and 42, integrated optical density average of ERK1/2 in iodine-deficient group[(7.3245±0.5070), (8.3606±1.0683), (9.1217±1.0402), (12.1587±0.7581), all P<0.01]and hypothyroidism groups [for 5 mg/L group: (11.4307±1.5200), (14.919±0.8497), (16.0082±1.1130), (15.7721±0.8293), all P< 0.01; for 15 mg/L group: (7.8538±0.9775), (11.2461±0.8138),(12.78±1.3783), (13.0871±1.1450), all P < 0.01]was significantly lower than those of controls [(16.2831±0.5143), (20.2653±0.9551), (22.7485±1.0267), (22.1725±0.9939), all P < 0.01], the difference having a statistical signifieance(F=16.131,13.543,26.953,41.583, all P<0.01). Conclusions Iodine deficiency and hypothyroidism during critical periods of brain development may change eerebellar morphology and down regulate the protein expression of ERK1/2, which may result in damage of cerebellum development.     

碘缺乏和甲状腺功能减退对大鼠仔鼠小脑cAMP反应元件结合蛋白表达的影响

目的 研究碘缺乏和甲状腺功能减退对大鼠仔鼠小脑cAMP反应元件结合蛋白(CREB)表达的影响.方法 分别选用低碘饲料及丙基硫尿啼啶(propylthiouracil,PTU)饮水诱导建立低碘及甲状腺功能减退Wistar大鼠动物模型,按体重随机分成对照组、甲状腺功能减退组(5 mg/L PTU组、15 mg/L PTU组)和碘缺乏组,出生后第14天(PN14)、PN21、PN28、PN42时,测定仔鼠小脑重量,PN7、PN14、PN21、PN28、PN42时取小脑组织进行免疫组织化学链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶(SP)染色,用图像分析方法分析大鼠仔鼠小脑皮质CREB表达情况.结果 PN14、PN21、PN28、PN42时,碘缺乏组小脑重量显著低于对照组和甲状腺功能减退组(P＜0.05).PN7时,各组之间小脑组织CREB平均积分光密度值差别不明显,而PN14,PN21,PN28和PN42时,5、15 mg/L PTU组和碘缺乏组平均积分光密度值均低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 碘缺乏和甲状腺功能减退可降低大鼠仔鼠小脑组织CREB表达,影响神经系统的发育.

Abstract：

Objective To study the effects of iodine deftcieney and hypothyrosis on protein expression of CREB in the cerebellum of rats.Methods Iodine deficient rats were administered with iodine-deficient diet and hypothyroid rats were administered with PTU in drinking water.Female Wistar pregnant rats (n=28)were randomly divided into four groups:control group,iodine deficient group,5 mg/L PTU group and 15 mg/L PTU group.On PN14,PN21,PN28,pups cerebellum in each group were weighed.On PN7.PN14,PN21,PN28,cerebellum tissue were determined for CREB protein detection by immunohistochemistry.Results Cerebellum weights of pup from iodine-deftcient were significantly lighter than control,5 mg/L and 15 mg/L groups on PN14,PN21,PN28 and PN42.In the result of immunohistochemistry:on PN7,there was no significant difference in all the groups.On PN14,PN21,PN28 and PN42,CREB expression in 5,15 mg/L and iodine-deficient groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Iodine deficiency and hypothyrosis during critical periods brain development may down regulate the protein expression of CREB,which may result in damage of serebellum development.