广东省梅县重点人群碘营养状况调查分析

Objective To estimate the present salt iodine content and iodine nutrition need of high risk population of iodine deficiency disorder in Meixian County. Methods Each primary school was selected from urban and rural areas(Xiyang Town, 20 kilometers away from Meixian County), the goiter rate of 8 to 10 year-old students was examined and urinary iodine and household salt iodine was sampled. Twenty to 40 year-old women of childbearing age nearby schools around the urban and villages around Xiyang Town were selected to collect their urine and salt samples. At urban hospitals and rural health centers, 0 to 2 year-old infant urine samples were collected, Thyroid gland was palpated and urinary iodine was determined by iodine in urine by As3+-Ce4+catalytic spectrophotometry, salt iodine was determined by direct titration. Results The goiter rates of 8 to 10 year-old students were 1.5 % (3/200), 1.0% (1/100) for the urban area and 2.0% (2/100) for rural area. Median of urinary iodine in 8 to 10 year-old students, infants, women of childbearing age averaged at 237.1 μg/L and 280.1, 234.7,187.6 μg/L respectively, with each being 287.4,245.0,205.5 μg/L in urban area and 278.9,228.5,176.4 μg/L in rural area. Women of childbearing age had a higher percentage of urinary iodine < 50.0 μg/L than students,students had a higher percentage than infants, each being 7.5%(15/200), 4.5%(9/200), 4.0%(4/100). The ration of urinary iodine > 300.0 μg/L was more in infants than in students, that in students was more than that in women of childbearing age, each being 33.0% (33/100), 30.0% (60/200),22.5% (45/200). The median of salt iodine was 27.2 mg/kg. The coverage of iodized salt was 100.0%(400/400). Ninty-seven percent(194/200) and 96.0% (192/200) of qualified iodized salt were consumed in urban area and in rural area. Conclusions The amount of iodine added to salt meets the requirement in the 3 kinds population risk of iodine deficiency disorder. But a higher iodine status has been found out in students and infants. It is reasonable to decrease the present salt iodine content.     

梅县2000～2005年农村饮用水质卫生状况分析

目的查清梅县2000—2005年农村生活饮用水源水质卫生状况，为农村改水防病工作提供科学依据。方法采用定期监测与随机抽样相结合的方法，水源水质按《生活饮用水标准检验方法》（GB5750—85），依《农村实施〈生活饮用水卫生标准〉准则》评价。结果3年共抽查1202例水样，其水源以井水、泉水、河水为主，水质总合格率为62．73％。其中，井水合格率为52．81％，泉水合格率为63．5l％，自来水合格率为94．87％，河水合格率为44．12％。结论梅县水源水质自然本底较好，但农村生活饮用水源水质受到不同程度的自然和人为污染。水源选择、卫生防护等方面还有缺陷。建议加强水源防护及水质净化消毒。     

广东省梅县重点人群碘营养状况调查分析

Objective To estimate the present salt iodine content and iodine nutrition need of high risk population of iodine deficiency disorder in Meixian County. Methods Each primary school was selected from urban and rural areas(Xiyang Town, 20 kilometers away from Meixian County), the goiter rate of 8 to 10 year-old students was examined and urinary iodine and household salt iodine was sampled. Twenty to 40 year-old women of childbearing age nearby schools around the urban and villages around Xiyang Town were selected to collect their urine and salt samples. At urban hospitals and rural health centers, 0 to 2 year-old infant urine samples were collected, Thyroid gland was palpated and urinary iodine was determined by iodine in urine by As3+-Ce4+catalytic spectrophotometry, salt iodine was determined by direct titration. Results The goiter rates of 8 to 10 year-old students were 1.5 % (3/200), 1.0% (1/100) for the urban area and 2.0% (2/100) for rural area. Median of urinary iodine in 8 to 10 year-old students, infants, women of childbearing age averaged at 237.1 μg/L and 280.1, 234.7,187.6 μg/L respectively, with each being 287.4,245.0,205.5 μg/L in urban area and 278.9,228.5,176.4 μg/L in rural area. Women of childbearing age had a higher percentage of urinary iodine < 50.0 μg/L than students,students had a higher percentage than infants, each being 7.5%(15/200), 4.5%(9/200), 4.0%(4/100). The ration of urinary iodine > 300.0 μg/L was more in infants than in students, that in students was more than that in women of childbearing age, each being 33.0% (33/100), 30.0% (60/200),22.5% (45/200). The median of salt iodine was 27.2 mg/kg. The coverage of iodized salt was 100.0%(400/400). Ninty-seven percent(194/200) and 96.0% (192/200) of qualified iodized salt were consumed in urban area and in rural area. Conclusions The amount of iodine added to salt meets the requirement in the 3 kinds population risk of iodine deficiency disorder. But a higher iodine status has been found out in students and infants. It is reasonable to decrease the present salt iodine content.     

PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂治疗非小细胞肺癌脑转移患者疗效的Meta分析

目的 对PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂对比化疗治疗非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)脑转移患者的疗效进行Meta分析。方法 计算机检索Pubmed、Embase、Sciencedirect、Cochrane、X-mol、中国知网、万方等数据库的文献,由2名研究者筛选文献、提取资料并对纳入研究进行偏倚风险评估,采用RevMan 5.3软件对NSCLC脑转移患者的整体生存期(overall survival, OS)、无进展生存期(progress free survival, PFS)进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入7篇随机对照试验(randomized controlled trial,RCT),包括451例NSCLC脑转移患者。Meta分析结果显示:与化疗相比,PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂能够显著提高患者的OS[HR=0.71,95%CI(0.56,0.92),P=0.008]和PFS[HR=0.53,95%CI(0.41,0.69),P<0.01];单纯化疗作为对照组,PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂联合化疗组OS[HR=0.41,95%CI(0.24,0.70),P=0.001]、PFS[HR=0.44,95%CI(0.30,0.63),P<0.01]比单药组OS[HR=0.83,95%CI(0.63,1.11),P=0.21]、PFS[HR=0.64,95%CI(0.45,0.91),P=0.01]能够更显著地降低患者的死亡风险和疾病进展风险。结论 PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂单药治疗或联合化疗对于NSCLC脑转移患者对比化疗疗效更好,其中联合化疗组优于单用组,是NSCLC脑转移患者治疗的一个优选方案。     

梅县米酒卫生状况调查分析

目的：为了解梅县米酒生产厂家的卫生状况及产品质量，规范酒类市场．保护人民群众的身体健康提供科学依据。方法：对梅县45家米酒生产的卫生状况及2000～2005年产品检测结果进行分析，检测方法按国家标准GB5009—96进行，检测项目按《蒸馏酒及配制酒卫生标准》GB2757—81进行评价，卫生条件按《酒厂卫生许可证发放要求》评价。结果：梅县45间米酒生产厂家卫生设施合格率为6．67％，从业人员体检率为15．27％，卫生许可证持证率为100．00％；2000—2005年米酒检测合格率为97．40％（412／423）；各年度合格率比较差异无统计学意义；各检测项目中以铅合格率最低为98．82％，其次是甲醇合格率为99．05％，杂醇油合格率为99．53％，锰、氰化物合格率均为100．00％。结论：梅县米酒生产厂家生产环境设施较差，卫生状况不容乐观，加强监督指导和从业人员卫生知识的培训是保证米酒生产质量的重要手段。     

梅县米酒卫生状况调查

目的了解梅县米酒生产厂家的卫生状况及产品质量,为规范酒类市场,保护人民群众的身体健康提供科学依据。方法对梅县45家米酒生产厂家的卫生状况及2000~2005年产品检测结果进行分析,检测方法按国家标准GB5009-96进行,检测项目按《蒸馏酒及配制酒卫生标准》(GB2757-81)进行评价,卫生状况按《酒厂卫生许可证发放要求》评价。结果梅县45家米酒生产厂家卫生设施合格率为6.67%,从业人员体检率为15.27%,卫生许可证持证率为100.00%;2000~2005年米酒检测合格率为97.40%(412/423);各年度合格率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),以2001年的合格率最低(91.55%);各检测项目中以铅合格率最低为98.82%,其次是甲醇合格率为99.05%,杂醇油合格率为99.53%,锰、氰化物合格率均为100.00%。结论梅县米酒生产厂家生产环境设施较差,卫生状况不容乐观。加强监督指导和从业人员卫生知识的培训是保证米酒生产质量的重要手段。     

梅县个体牙科消毒现状调查

目的：了解梅县个体牙科诊所的消毒情况．为制定牙科消毒措施提供依据。方法：采集辖区内13间个体牙科使用中消毒剂、空气细菌、物体表面、医务人员手、压力蒸汽灭菌效果样本并送检验室检测。结果：使用中消毒剂、空气细菌、物体表面、医务人员手、压力蒸汽灭菌效果合格率依次为100％、17．95％、71．80％、47．22％、88．89％。结论：加强对辖区个体牙科的消毒管理工作是非常必要的。     

2003～2007年梅县碘盐监测结果分析

目的 了解梅县2003～2007年碘盐生产销售及居民食用碘盐情况.方法 随机抽样,盐碘按国标GB/T13025.7-1999直接滴定法定量检测.结果 2003～2007年加工业盐碘均值在27.10～39.55mg/kg,居民户均值在26.44～34.78 mg/kg.结论 梅县碘盐生产加工业、居民户各项指标均符合国家规定控制标准.