腹腔镜肝切除术5例报告

目的探讨腹腔镜肝切除的可行性和适应证. 方法 2002年4月～2003年4月,腹腔镜下对5例位于肝脏左外叶的小肝癌进行切除,End-vascular GIA在肿瘤右侧横断肝脏实质,切下的肝组织连同肿瘤组织一同从扩大的切口取出.结果 3例腹腔镜肝切除术成功,2例因分离过程中出血或肝组织太厚中转开腹.腹腔镜下切除的肝脏创面,无渗出,无胆漏.手术时间60～90 min.术后3～5 d出院.无并发症. 结论腹腔镜可切除肝脏左外叶的肿瘤.     

肝癌的综合治疗

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is nowadays one of the leading common causes of cancer death and mostly occurs in hepatitis B endemic areas.Typically,HCC patients presented late and only about 20% of the patients are amendable to surgical interventions.Surgical resection is the main curative treatment option.Nevertheless,the recurrence rate after potential curative liver resection is still very high.On the other hand,liver transplantation is the treatment of choice for early small HCC but its application is limited by the availability of liver grafts.Radiofrequency ablation is more commonly used in cirrhotic patients with small tumours who are not surgical candidates.Nowadays,transarterial chemoembolisation,drugeluting bead transarterial chemoembolisation and radioembolisation are the mainstay of treatments for the patients with intermediate HCC.Other systemic approaches,such as hormonal therapy,immunotherapy and chemotherapy have disappointing results.In particular,HCC is highly refractory to cytotoxic chemotherapy.This is no convincing evidence thus far that systemic chemotherapy improves overall survival in advanced HCC patients.Recently,encouraging results have been shown in using sorafenib in the treatment of advanced HCC patients.Similar to sorafenib,other anti-angiogenic multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors,such as pazopanib,brivanib and axitinib also show promising activity in various stages of clinical trials.There is an urgent need to identify biomarkers that may guide the rational use of sorafenib and other targeted agents in the era of personalised medicine.More importantly,the multidisciplinary model in managing HCC patients is the important key to the future success.     

肝病患者营养补充要慎重,小心养肝不成变伤肝

肝硬化是一种以肝细胞变性坏死、结构被破坏,纤维增生为主的慢性全身性疾病。本病属中医“鼓胀”“积聚”等病范畴,多因虫毒感染,饮食不节,嗜酒过度,情志内伤,或他病迁延日久转化等因素,导致肝、脾、肾三脏功能失调,以致气滞、血瘀、水积腹中而成,临床多本虚标实,虚实夹杂之症。据统计,肝硬化患者当中有八成是由慢性乙型肝炎所导致。因喝酒过量或肥胖而引发的脂肪肝炎也是导致肝硬化的元凶之一。