男性肾移植受者术后的婚姻与生育状况调查

为了追踪男性尿毒症患者肾移植后的婚姻与生育状况,我们从1988年4月至2006年4月施行的2007例肾移植受者中筛查出术前未婚的男性育龄受者243例,并成功对其中185例受者进行了门诊及电话随访,其中69例结婚,现将其生育情况报告如下.     

氯沙坦对肾移植术后受者血红蛋白的影响及其使用的安全性

Objective To evaluate the influence of losartan on levels of hemoglobin (Hb) in patients after renal transplantation. The safety of losartan in these patients was also evaluated. Methods Sixty-six hypertensive patients after renal transplantation with stable allograft function and serum creatinine levels below 176. 8 μmol/L (2 mg/dl) were divided into treatment group (n = 34) treated with losartan at a dose of 50 mg/d, and control group (n = 32) not treated with losartan. Each participant was followed up for 6 months, and differences in Hb, whole blood CsA trough concentration, blood pressure (BP), serum creatinine (Cr) and GFR were compared at baseline, and at the month 1, 2, 3 and 6. Results Serum Cr in treatment group showed a slight, hut significant increase at the month 1 (P<0.05 vs baseline), then gradually returned to the baseline until the month 6. Relatively, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in treatment group was decreased slightly and temporarily. The Fib level in treatment group kept on dropping in the first two months (P <0.01 vs baseline), then remaining stable since the month 3. An uptrend of Hb was seen in the control group hut there was no statistically significant difference. For patients with Hb≥160 g/L, a progressive decrease in Hb was observed after losartan treatment (P<0.01 vs baseline), while a slight, non-significant decrease in the controls. For patients with Hb <160 μmol/L, Hb in treatment group was decreased in the first two months (P<0.01 vs baseline at the month 2), then gradually increased to baseline from the month 3 to 6. A progressive increase in Hb was seen in control group (P < 0.05 vs baseline). Conclusion Losartan can effectively and safely relieve and prevent posttransplantation erythrocytosis following renal transplantation.     

氯沙坦对肾移植术后受者血红蛋白的影响及其使用的安全性

目的 观察氯沙坦对肾移植术后受者血红蛋白的影响,探讨其使用的安全性.方法 选取肾移植术后超过3个月,移植肾功能稳定,有高血压的受者66例.随机将受者分为两组.实验组:34例,加用氯沙坦或使用氯沙坦替换原有的降压药物;对照组32例,不使用氯沙坦.分组后对受者进行6个月的观察,分别测定0(基础值)、1、2、3及6个月共5个时间点受者的血红蛋白、血肌酐、肾小球滤过率(GFR)及血压等指标,并观察各指标的变化趋势.结果 实验组受者在使用氯沙坦1～2个月时的血红蛋白水平较基础值显著下降(P<0.05),2～6个月时趋于稳定;对照组受者的血红蛋白水平较基础值轻度上升(P>0.05).实验组中伴有高血红蛋白血症(PTE)的受者使用氯沙坦1～3个月时血红蛋白水平呈持续下降趋势(P<0.05),3～6个月时趋于稳定;对照组中伴有PTE的受者血红蛋白水平较基础值轻度下降(P>0.05).实验组中不伴有PTE的受者血红蛋白水平呈先下降后回升趋势;对照组中不伴有PTE的受者血红蛋白水平较基础值显著升高(P<0.05).实验组受者使用氯沙坦1个月时血肌酐水平呈升高趋势,2～6个月时逐渐恢复到基础值;对照组受者血肌酐水平无显著变化(P>0.05).实验组受者的GFR轻度下降后逐渐恢复到基础值;对照组受者的GFR呈逐渐上升趋势.实验组受者的血压呈明显下降趋势(P<0.05);对照组受者的血压较基础值无显著变化.结论 肾移植术后使用氯沙坦能降低受者的高血红蛋白水平,对PTE有一定的治疗和预防作用,并且不会影响受者的移植肾功能.对于肾移植术后有高血压且发生高血红蛋白血症的受者,使用氯沙坦是安全的.     

氯沙坦对肾移植术后受者血红蛋白的影响及其使用的安全性

Objective To evaluate the influence of losartan on levels of hemoglobin (Hb) in patients after renal transplantation. The safety of losartan in these patients was also evaluated. Methods Sixty-six hypertensive patients after renal transplantation with stable allograft function and serum creatinine levels below 176. 8 μmol/L (2 mg/dl) were divided into treatment group (n = 34) treated with losartan at a dose of 50 mg/d, and control group (n = 32) not treated with losartan. Each participant was followed up for 6 months, and differences in Hb, whole blood CsA trough concentration, blood pressure (BP), serum creatinine (Cr) and GFR were compared at baseline, and at the month 1, 2, 3 and 6. Results Serum Cr in treatment group showed a slight, hut significant increase at the month 1 (P<0.05 vs baseline), then gradually returned to the baseline until the month 6. Relatively, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in treatment group was decreased slightly and temporarily. The Fib level in treatment group kept on dropping in the first two months (P <0.01 vs baseline), then remaining stable since the month 3. An uptrend of Hb was seen in the control group hut there was no statistically significant difference. For patients with Hb≥160 g/L, a progressive decrease in Hb was observed after losartan treatment (P<0.01 vs baseline), while a slight, non-significant decrease in the controls. For patients with Hb <160 μmol/L, Hb in treatment group was decreased in the first two months (P<0.01 vs baseline at the month 2), then gradually increased to baseline from the month 3 to 6. A progressive increase in Hb was seen in control group (P < 0.05 vs baseline). Conclusion Losartan can effectively and safely relieve and prevent posttransplantation erythrocytosis following renal transplantation.     

氯沙坦对肾移植术后受者血红蛋白的影响及其使用的安全性

Objective To evaluate the influence of losartan on levels of hemoglobin (Hb) in patients after renal transplantation. The safety of losartan in these patients was also evaluated. Methods Sixty-six hypertensive patients after renal transplantation with stable allograft function and serum creatinine levels below 176. 8 μmol/L (2 mg/dl) were divided into treatment group (n = 34) treated with losartan at a dose of 50 mg/d, and control group (n = 32) not treated with losartan. Each participant was followed up for 6 months, and differences in Hb, whole blood CsA trough concentration, blood pressure (BP), serum creatinine (Cr) and GFR were compared at baseline, and at the month 1, 2, 3 and 6. Results Serum Cr in treatment group showed a slight, hut significant increase at the month 1 (P<0.05 vs baseline), then gradually returned to the baseline until the month 6. Relatively, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in treatment group was decreased slightly and temporarily. The Fib level in treatment group kept on dropping in the first two months (P <0.01 vs baseline), then remaining stable since the month 3. An uptrend of Hb was seen in the control group hut there was no statistically significant difference. For patients with Hb≥160 g/L, a progressive decrease in Hb was observed after losartan treatment (P<0.01 vs baseline), while a slight, non-significant decrease in the controls. For patients with Hb <160 μmol/L, Hb in treatment group was decreased in the first two months (P<0.01 vs baseline at the month 2), then gradually increased to baseline from the month 3 to 6. A progressive increase in Hb was seen in control group (P < 0.05 vs baseline). Conclusion Losartan can effectively and safely relieve and prevent posttransplantation erythrocytosis following renal transplantation.     

老年前列腺癌患者前列腺根治术后影响尿控恢复状况的相关因素

目的 分析老年前列腺癌患者前列腺根治术后尿控恢复状况的相关因素。方法 选择2021年1月至2022年9月中部战区总医院行前列腺根治术治疗的老年前列腺癌患者131例为观察对象,根据术后尿控恢复状况分为尿失禁组(n=46)和尿控组(n=85)。比较两组临床资料及围手术期指标,采用多因素logistic回归分析患者前列腺根治术后尿控恢复状况的相关因素。采用SPSS 20.0统计软件进行数据分析。组间比较采用χ²检验。结果 尿失禁组患者年龄≥75岁、体质量指数(BMI)≥24kg/m2、既往经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)史、合并高血压史、合并糖尿病史比例明显高于尿控组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。尿失禁组患者术前前列腺体积30~75ml、肿瘤分期≥T3a期、术中出血量≥600ml比例明显高于尿控组,保留最长尿道长度(MULP)、保留神经血管束(NVB)、完全保留膀胱颈、术后规律提肛训练比例明显低于尿控组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。年龄≥75岁、既往TURP史、肿瘤分期≥T3a期、术中出血量≥600ml均为前列腺根治术后尿失控的危险因素(OR=2.451、3.015、2.156、3.074;P＜0.05);保留MULP、保留NVB、完全保留膀胱颈、术后规律提肛训练为前列腺根治术后失控的保护因素(OR=0.674、0.845、0.874、0.912;P＜0.05)。结论 影响前列腺根治术后患者尿控恢复情况的因素多样,其中年龄、既往TURP史、肿瘤分期、术中出血量均为前列腺根治术后尿失控危险因素,对存在术后尿失禁高危因素患者进行早期干预有助于降低尿失禁发生率。     

荧光原位杂交不同染色体畸变在尿路上皮癌中的临床意义

目的 评估荧光原位杂交技术(fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH)在尿路上皮癌(urothelial carcinoma, UC)中的应用价值。方法 回顾性分析作者医院2014-08/2021-09月134例病理确诊为UC的患者。所有患者均行FISH检查，包括4个位点[染色体着丝粒特异性探针(chromosome-specific centromeric probe, CSP)3、7、17以及基因座特异性探针(gene locus-specific probe, GLP)-p16位点]。比较不同染色体畸变与肿瘤复发，进展及转移之间的关系。结果 CSP3、CSP7阳性的UC患者更容易出现肿瘤复发、进展(P均<0.05),p16基因座缺失的UC患者更容易出现肿瘤进展(P<0.05)。CSP17阳性与肿瘤复发、进展、转移差异无统计学意义。CSP3、CSP7、CSP17阳性与肿瘤分期及病理级别相关(P均<0.05)。p16基因座缺失与肿瘤分期及病理级别无显著相关性。结论 FISH是UC的有力临床工具，在与染色体畸变相关的肿瘤诊断、发...     

血液透析患者感染的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的:了解血液透析患者感染的细菌谱和耐药性.方法:对2000年6月～2005年6月间本院血透患者感染灶合格标本细菌培养,分离出162株阳性菌,以K-B法进行药物敏感测定.结果:所分离的病原菌主要来自肺部(55.6%)和血管通路(30.2%),其中革兰阴性菌占64.8%,革兰阳性菌占34%,真菌占1.2%,大肠埃希杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、克雷伯杆菌、假单胞杆菌和金葡球菌居分离菌的前5位.药敏结果提示革兰阴性菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林、头孢唑林、诺氟沙星和环丙沙星耐药率较高,对亚胺培南、丁胺卡那、阿米卡星和呋喃妥因敏感.革兰阳性菌对大多数常用抗生素均有较高耐药性.结论:血透患者肺部感染的致病菌以革兰阴性为主,血管通路感染则以革兰阳性菌为主,大部分是条件致病菌,且出现多重耐药,应根据药敏结果选择抗生素,必要时联合应用.