Life-threatening respiratory failure due to cranial dystonia after dental procedure in a patient with multiple system atrophy.

We report on a woman with a an 8-year history of multiple system atrophy with predominance of parkinsonism who developed jaw-locking oromandibular dystonia within hours after insertion of ill-fitting dentures. Dystonia spread rapidly to involve other facial muscles and the larynx causing stridor with respiratory failure necessitating crush intubation.     

Kolaviron protects the brain in cuprizone-induced model of experimental multiple sclerosis via enhancement of intrinsic antioxidant mechanisms: Possible therapeutic applications?

Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating condition of the central nervous system which commonly affects young adults. Kolaviron, a biflavonoid isolate of Garcinia kola, has been used in experimental studies which explored its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-genotoxic properties. This work was aimed at unraveling the possible ameliorative effect of kolaviron on cuprizone-induced demyelination in the prefrontal cortices of Wistar rats. A total of 28 adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups A–D. Group A received corn oil (Control), group B received 0.2% Cuprizone, group C received kolaviron (200?mg/kg?bw), while group D rats were treated concomitantly with both kolaviron and cuprizone. All groups were treated for 42 days, after which behavioral, histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses were carried out on the prefrontal cortices. Cuprizone significantly down-regulated the level of superoxide dismutase, exacerbated lipid peroxidation and, reduced spatial memory. Cuprizone also induced peripheral and central chromatolysis alongside with atrophied astrocytes in the prefrontal cortex. These alterations were significantly prevented in kolaviron-treated rats, as kolaviron sustained the integrity of neuronal and non-neuronal cells. The activity of kolaviron observed in this study was due to its intrinsic antioxidant properties, which enabled it to combat oxidative damage induced by cuprizone, thereby making kolaviron a potential tool in neurodegeneration therapy of demyelination origin.     

Trends in Human Papillomavirus-Related Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Incidence,Vermont 1999–2013

This study examines trends in age-adjusted incidence rates of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) in comparison to oral cavity proper squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in the population of Vermont from 1999 to 2013. Data on cases of oral and pharynx cancers diagnosed in Vermont between 1999 and 2013 were obtained from the Vermont cancer registry. The age-adjusted incidence rates and annual percentage change of HPV-related OPSCC and OSCC were calculated using Joinpoint trend analysis. Four hundred and thirty-one cases of HPV-related OPSCC were diagnosed from 1999 to 2013. Males constituted 83% (P?<?0.0001) of the cases and the 6th decade of life marked the highest incidence. The overall age-adjusted incidence rates for HPV-related OPSCC significantly increased (from 2.39 to 3.86 per 100,000, P?<?0.0001). In males, it significantly increased (from 3.62 to 6.93 per 100,000, P?<?0.0001), while in females it remained stable (from 1.18 to 1.02 per 100,000, P?=?0.28) during 1999–2013. The average rate of HPV-related OPSCC significantly increased by 4.4% annually (P?=?0.004). In males the average rate significantly increased by 5.3% annually (P?=?0.001) and in females the rate increased by 0.37% annually (P?=?0.87). In contrast, age-adjusted overall incidence rates for OSCC significantly decreased (from 3.99 to 3.35 per 100,000, P?=?0.018). The overall rate of OSCC decreased by 0.96% annually (P?=?0.37) and the highest incidence of cases was in the 7th decade of life. In conclusion, there was an increasing trend of HPV-related OPSCC, specifically in males, and there appears to be a decreasing trend of OSCC in Vermont.     

Male partner involvement on initiation and sustainment of exclusive breastfeeding among HIV‐infected post‐partum women: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected mothers is known to be associated with a sustained and significant reduction in HIV transmission and has the potential to reduce infant and under‐five mortality. Research shows that EBF is not common in many HIV‐endemic, resource‐limited settings despite recommendations by the World Health Organization. Although evidence abounds that male partner involvement increases HIV testing and uptake and retention of prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission interventions, few studies have evaluated the impact of male partners' involvement and decision‐making on initiation, maintenance, and sustainment of EBF. We propose a comparative effectiveness trial of Men's Club as intervention group compared to the control group on initiation and sustainment of EBF. Men's Club will provide male partners of HIV‐infected pregnant women one 5‐hr interactive educational intervention to increase knowledge on EBF and explore barriers and facilitators of EBF and support. Additionally, participating male partners in the Men's Club as intervention group will receive weekly text message reminders during the first 6‐week post‐natal period to improve initiation and sustainment of EBF. Participants in the Men's Club as control group will receive only educational pamphlets. Primary outcomes are the differences in the rates of initiation and sustainment of EBF at 6 months between the two groups. Secondary outcomes are differences in male partner knowledge of infant feeding options and the intent to support EBF in the two groups. Understanding the role and impact of male partners on the EBF decision‐making process will inform the development of effective and sustainable evidence‐based interventions to support the initiation and sustainment of EBF.     

Predictive and Prognostic Markers in Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Single-Institution Experience

Background

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous malignancy with diverse genetic abnormalities, clinical presentations, and outcomes. Known predictive and prognostic factors in AML include age, performance status, comorbidities, cytogenetics, and molecular mutations. Identifying prognostic and predictive factors can inform the choice of induction therapy and outcomes prediction.

中医药美容产品的奥运契机

2008奥运期间，是让世界人民了解和接受中医药美容，并将中医药美容推向世界的绝佳契机。