皮质发育障碍模型的建立及其致痫敏感性的研究

目的:建立皮质发育障碍模型,探讨皮质发育障碍模型的敏感性。方法:在SD大鼠孕17d腹腔注入1,3-二氯乙烯-亚硝基脲(BCNU)制作皮质发育障碍模型;Nissl染色观察P60d仔鼠病理变化;选取P60d雄性仔鼠,腹腔注射氯化锂-毛果芸香碱,分别比较两组大鼠癫发生的潜伏期、持续状态时间和死亡率。结果:同龄仔鼠脑组织湿重实验组比对照组显著减轻(P<0.01);Nissl染色显示皮质变薄、皮质层次紊乱、海马区域异位细胞异常聚集;有皮质发育障碍的仔鼠注射氯化锂-毛果芸香碱后,癫发生的潜伏期显著缩短(P<0.01),癫持续状态时间延长(P<0.01),死亡率显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:BCNU致皮质发育障碍模型具有癫易感性。     

匹罗卡品致(癎)大鼠海马中表达生长抑素的中间神经元数目变化及其轴突出芽

Objective To investigate the roles of somatostatin(SS)positive intemeurons in the development and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods Piloearpine-induced epilepsy rat model was established.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect number changes and axonal sprouting of SS positive intemeurons in different domains of the hippocampus at difierent time points.Degeneration of SS positive interneurons and their neurophils were detected by the double immunofluorescence staining with SS and Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)at 7 and 60 days after status epilepticus (SE).Results In the exoerimental rat group,the number of SS positive neurons decreased in each hippocampal domain,and it reached the lowest at 7 days post-SE(There were 11.1±3.3 in hilus,2.8±0.9 in CA1region and 1.8±0.7 in CA1region,t=13.519,9.644 and 8.808,all P<0.01).In chronic phase,the number of SS neurons gradually recovered,and exceeded the control group in CA1 area at 60 days post-SE(12.8±1.5 vs 8.8±1.3,t=-4.506,P<0.01),however,the number of SS neurons in the hilus(25.5±4.6)and CA1 area(4.8±0.8)remained significantly less than normal levels(t value were 4.691 and 3.953.both P<0.01).Increased SS positive fibers were found in the lacunosum-molecular (1m)layer and outer molecular layer of dentate gyrus after 30 days post-SE,and numerous SS positive fibers were seen threnghout the layers of area CA1 at 60 days post-SE.Double immunofluuorescence revealed that a few SS positive interneurons and fibers were also labeled by FJB in area CA1 at 7 days post-SE and in CA domain/hilus at 60 days post-SE.Conclusions SS intemeurons loss plays an important role in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy.The loss is partially caIlsed by the degeneration and death of neurons;SS positive neurophils increase within area CA1 in chronic phase may play a significant role in the generation and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.     

匹罗卡品致(癎)大鼠海马中表达生长抑素的中间神经元数目变化及其轴突出芽

Objective To investigate the roles of somatostatin(SS)positive intemeurons in the development and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods Piloearpine-induced epilepsy rat model was established.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect number changes and axonal sprouting of SS positive intemeurons in different domains of the hippocampus at difierent time points.Degeneration of SS positive interneurons and their neurophils were detected by the double immunofluorescence staining with SS and Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)at 7 and 60 days after status epilepticus (SE).Results In the exoerimental rat group,the number of SS positive neurons decreased in each hippocampal domain,and it reached the lowest at 7 days post-SE(There were 11.1±3.3 in hilus,2.8±0.9 in CA1region and 1.8±0.7 in CA1region,t=13.519,9.644 and 8.808,all P<0.01).In chronic phase,the number of SS neurons gradually recovered,and exceeded the control group in CA1 area at 60 days post-SE(12.8±1.5 vs 8.8±1.3,t=-4.506,P<0.01),however,the number of SS neurons in the hilus(25.5±4.6)and CA1 area(4.8±0.8)remained significantly less than normal levels(t value were 4.691 and 3.953.both P<0.01).Increased SS positive fibers were found in the lacunosum-molecular (1m)layer and outer molecular layer of dentate gyrus after 30 days post-SE,and numerous SS positive fibers were seen threnghout the layers of area CA1 at 60 days post-SE.Double immunofluuorescence revealed that a few SS positive interneurons and fibers were also labeled by FJB in area CA1 at 7 days post-SE and in CA domain/hilus at 60 days post-SE.Conclusions SS intemeurons loss plays an important role in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy.The loss is partially caIlsed by the degeneration and death of neurons;SS positive neurophils increase within area CA1 in chronic phase may play a significant role in the generation and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.     

电针对癫痫模型大鼠自发性反复发作及海马CA3和DG区谷氨酸脱羧酶67表达的影响

背景 由于对药物疗法不良反应的担忧,近几年人们对使用针灸治疗癫痫越来越感兴趣。尽管现已报道了不少针灸抗癫痫作用的临床证据,但其确切机制仍不清楚。目的 研究电针(EA)对癫痫大鼠自发性复发性癫痫(SRS),以及海马CA3和齿状回(DG)区中谷氨酸脱羧酶67(GAD67)表达的影响。方法 将50只Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠随机分为对照组、癫痫组、假刺激组、非穴位电针组和穴位电针组,每组10只。除对照组外,其余4组均制备氯化锂—匹罗卡品颞叶癫痫大鼠模型。造模成功的大鼠采用针刺或电针穴位治疗,8周后观察自发性复发性癫痫发作的次数。分别取5组大鼠海马组织,采用荧光定量PCR和Western blotting分别检测各组大鼠海马组织中GAD67 mRNA水平和蛋白水平表达变化;采用免疫组化法检测各组大鼠海马CA3和DG区GAD67蛋白水平表达变化。结果 治疗8周后,穴位电针组与癫痫组、假刺激组、非穴位电针组比较,减少了自发性复发性癫痫发作的次数,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。qRT-PCR结果显示：与对照组相比,癫痫组、假刺激组、非穴位电针组和穴位电针组大鼠海马组织中GAD67 mRNA表达均下调,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);通过8周电针百会和大椎穴连续治疗后,穴位电针组与癫痫组、假刺激组、非穴位电针组比较,大鼠海马组织中GAD67 mRNA水平与上调,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);假刺激组和非穴位电针组中GAD67 mRNA水平与癫痫组相比,无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Western blotting和免疫组化结果显示：GAD67蛋白水平变化趋势与mRNA水平相一致。结论 电针百会和大椎穴对癫痫大鼠具有一定的疗效,并与CA3和DG区GAD67表达水平的变化有关。 [国际神经病学神经外科学杂志, 2022, 49(5): 1-6]     

匹罗卡品致(癎)大鼠海马中表达生长抑素的中间神经元数目变化及其轴突出芽

Objective To investigate the roles of somatostatin(SS)positive intemeurons in the development and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods Piloearpine-induced epilepsy rat model was established.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect number changes and axonal sprouting of SS positive intemeurons in different domains of the hippocampus at difierent time points.Degeneration of SS positive interneurons and their neurophils were detected by the double immunofluorescence staining with SS and Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)at 7 and 60 days after status epilepticus (SE).Results In the exoerimental rat group,the number of SS positive neurons decreased in each hippocampal domain,and it reached the lowest at 7 days post-SE(There were 11.1±3.3 in hilus,2.8±0.9 in CA1region and 1.8±0.7 in CA1region,t=13.519,9.644 and 8.808,all P<0.01).In chronic phase,the number of SS neurons gradually recovered,and exceeded the control group in CA1 area at 60 days post-SE(12.8±1.5 vs 8.8±1.3,t=-4.506,P<0.01),however,the number of SS neurons in the hilus(25.5±4.6)and CA1 area(4.8±0.8)remained significantly less than normal levels(t value were 4.691 and 3.953.both P<0.01).Increased SS positive fibers were found in the lacunosum-molecular (1m)layer and outer molecular layer of dentate gyrus after 30 days post-SE,and numerous SS positive fibers were seen threnghout the layers of area CA1 at 60 days post-SE.Double immunofluuorescence revealed that a few SS positive interneurons and fibers were also labeled by FJB in area CA1 at 7 days post-SE and in CA domain/hilus at 60 days post-SE.Conclusions SS intemeurons loss plays an important role in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy.The loss is partially caIlsed by the degeneration and death of neurons;SS positive neurophils increase within area CA1 in chronic phase may play a significant role in the generation and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.     

偏头痛与抑郁共病

偏头痛是一组反复发作的原发性头痛疾病,患病率非常高,近年的流行病学资料显示,偏头痛的全球患病率为10％,终身患病率为14％,严重影响人们的生存质量。长期以来,偏头痛被认为与一系列精神障碍性疾病有关,包括抑郁、焦虑、恐怖和惊恐障碍,其中研究最多的是抑郁控引。偏头痛常与抑郁共患病,其与抑郁之间的双向影响已被确认,抑郁增加了偏头痛发生的风险性,偏头痛又增加了抑郁的发生率。目前临床医生对偏头痛与抑郁共病的认识还不足,本文将结合既往研究,综述偏头痛与抑郁共病的特征、机制和治疗。     

电针百会和大椎穴对癫痫大鼠海马CA3和DG区ephrinA5表达的影响

目的探讨电针百会和大椎穴对颞叶癫痫大鼠海马组织中CA3和DG区ephrin A5的调控作用。方法将30只SpragueDawley(SD)大鼠随机分为对照组、癫痫组和电针+癫痫组,每组各10只。建立氯化锂―匹罗卡品颞叶癫痫大鼠模型。造模成功的大鼠电针百会和大椎穴治疗8周后,分别取3组大鼠海马组织,采用实时荧光定量PCR(q RT-PCR)检测各组大鼠海马CA3和DG区ephrin A5 m RNA水平表达变化;采用Western blotting和免疫组织化学(免疫组化)法检测各组大鼠海马CA3和DG区ephrin A5蛋白水平表达变化。结果 q RT-PCR结果显示:与对照组相比,癫痫组大鼠海马组织中ephrin A5 m RNA表达下调(P <0.05)。通过8周电针百会和大椎穴连续治疗后,ephrin A5 m RNA水平上调(P <0.05)。Western blotting结果显示:ephrin A5蛋白水平变化趋势与m RNA水平相一致。免疫组化结果显示:在CA3区,癫痫组ephrin A5蛋白水平下调;电针后ephrin A5蛋白水平上调。而在DG区与对照组相比,癫痫组和电针+癫痫组,ephrin A5蛋白水平变化不明显。结论电针百会和大椎穴的抗癫痫作用机制很可能与ephrin A5在海马CA3区中的调控机制密切相关。     

2007—2014年广西卫生总费用机构流向分析

目的：描述2007-2014年广西卫生总费用的机构流向情况,为广西卫生资源配置提供参考依据。方法：运用机构法进行测算,并对结果进行描述性分析。结果：2007-2014年广西卫生总费用的年均增长速度高于地区生产总值的年均增长速度。绝大多数卫生资源流向医院等医疗机构,基层医疗机构费用所占比例较小,公共卫生费用所占比例有逐年降低的趋势。结论：以机构法测算结果显示,卫生投入流向失衡的局面得以改善,但未得到扭转,应进一步加强对医疗机构、基层医疗卫生机构和公共卫生服务政策层面的深入研究;引入卫生总费用功能法,更具体地回答如何筹集充足的资金,满足群众日益增长的医疗保健需求;如何有效地使用资金,提高资金的配置效率;如何建立合理的补偿机制和运行机制等问题,全方位多角度促进卫生资源配置的公平性、合理性、可及性和有效性。     

电压门控性钠离子通道与癫痫

癫痫(epilepsy)是一种由大脑神经元异常放电所引起的以短暂中枢神经系统功能失常为特征的慢性脑部疾病,具有突然发生、反复发作的特点。目前众多研究表明癫痫与离子通道的功能改变有密切联系[1]。离子通道为神经系统传输信号的基本元件,广泛分布在细胞体、树突、轴突及突触,它由多种通道蛋白质聚集而成,每种通道蛋白的亚单位由不同的基因编码。迄今,已发现50余种编码离子通道亚单位的基因。基因突变很容易导致其编码的通道结构的改变,进而导致通道功能异常。     

荧光金逆行示踪观察匹罗卡品致痫大鼠CA1区锥体细胞突触联系变化的研究

目的通过荧光金(FG)逆行示踪观察氯化锂-匹罗卡品致痫模型大鼠慢性自发发作期海马CA1区锥体细胞之间的突触联系变化。方法 SD大鼠2 0只随机分为实验组和对照组。癫痫持续状态后6 0 d左右,利用立体定位仪在活体内注射逆行性示踪剂FG至海马CA1区,术后常规喂养5~7 d后灌注取材。激光扫描共聚焦显微镜下观察FG的分布。结果 7只实验组大鼠中有5只可见有FG标记的锥体细胞,对照组未见。实验组中有2只大鼠在海马下托亦可见有FG标记的锥体细胞,而对照组未见。结论颞叶癫痫大鼠海马CA1区锥体细胞之间和下托至CA1区有异常兴奋性突触联系,其可能是构成异常兴奋性回路的解剖学基础。