GIRK1在颞叶癫痫大鼠海马齿状回中的表达及其意义

目的探讨GIRK1在颞叶癫癎大鼠海马齿状回的表达及其意义.方法112只雄性SD大鼠随机分为实验组(n=70)与对照组(n=42),同时建立海人藻酸(KA)颞叶癫模型.选取KA腹腔注射后3、6、12、24、48 h,7、30 d为研究的时间点.用原位杂交法及免疫组织化学法检测海马齿状回GIRK1 mRNA及蛋白的表达.结果实验组大鼠海马齿状回GIRK1 mRNA表达在致癎后6 h较对照组减少,而在致癎后至7～30 d较对照组增高.结论在颞叶癫癎的不同时期海马齿状回GIRK1表达的变化反映出颞叶癫癎的复杂性.     

匹罗卡品致(癎)大鼠海马中表达生长抑素的中间神经元数目变化及其轴突出芽

Objective To investigate the roles of somatostatin(SS)positive intemeurons in the development and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods Piloearpine-induced epilepsy rat model was established.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect number changes and axonal sprouting of SS positive intemeurons in different domains of the hippocampus at difierent time points.Degeneration of SS positive interneurons and their neurophils were detected by the double immunofluorescence staining with SS and Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)at 7 and 60 days after status epilepticus (SE).Results In the exoerimental rat group,the number of SS positive neurons decreased in each hippocampal domain,and it reached the lowest at 7 days post-SE(There were 11.1±3.3 in hilus,2.8±0.9 in CA1region and 1.8±0.7 in CA1region,t=13.519,9.644 and 8.808,all P<0.01).In chronic phase,the number of SS neurons gradually recovered,and exceeded the control group in CA1 area at 60 days post-SE(12.8±1.5 vs 8.8±1.3,t=-4.506,P<0.01),however,the number of SS neurons in the hilus(25.5±4.6)and CA1 area(4.8±0.8)remained significantly less than normal levels(t value were 4.691 and 3.953.both P<0.01).Increased SS positive fibers were found in the lacunosum-molecular (1m)layer and outer molecular layer of dentate gyrus after 30 days post-SE,and numerous SS positive fibers were seen threnghout the layers of area CA1 at 60 days post-SE.Double immunofluuorescence revealed that a few SS positive interneurons and fibers were also labeled by FJB in area CA1 at 7 days post-SE and in CA domain/hilus at 60 days post-SE.Conclusions SS intemeurons loss plays an important role in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy.The loss is partially caIlsed by the degeneration and death of neurons;SS positive neurophils increase within area CA1 in chronic phase may play a significant role in the generation and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.     

匹罗卡品致(癎)大鼠海马中表达生长抑素的中间神经元数目变化及其轴突出芽

Objective To investigate the roles of somatostatin(SS)positive intemeurons in the development and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods Piloearpine-induced epilepsy rat model was established.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect number changes and axonal sprouting of SS positive intemeurons in different domains of the hippocampus at difierent time points.Degeneration of SS positive interneurons and their neurophils were detected by the double immunofluorescence staining with SS and Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)at 7 and 60 days after status epilepticus (SE).Results In the exoerimental rat group,the number of SS positive neurons decreased in each hippocampal domain,and it reached the lowest at 7 days post-SE(There were 11.1±3.3 in hilus,2.8±0.9 in CA1region and 1.8±0.7 in CA1region,t=13.519,9.644 and 8.808,all P<0.01).In chronic phase,the number of SS neurons gradually recovered,and exceeded the control group in CA1 area at 60 days post-SE(12.8±1.5 vs 8.8±1.3,t=-4.506,P<0.01),however,the number of SS neurons in the hilus(25.5±4.6)and CA1 area(4.8±0.8)remained significantly less than normal levels(t value were 4.691 and 3.953.both P<0.01).Increased SS positive fibers were found in the lacunosum-molecular (1m)layer and outer molecular layer of dentate gyrus after 30 days post-SE,and numerous SS positive fibers were seen threnghout the layers of area CA1 at 60 days post-SE.Double immunofluuorescence revealed that a few SS positive interneurons and fibers were also labeled by FJB in area CA1 at 7 days post-SE and in CA domain/hilus at 60 days post-SE.Conclusions SS intemeurons loss plays an important role in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy.The loss is partially caIlsed by the degeneration and death of neurons;SS positive neurophils increase within area CA1 in chronic phase may play a significant role in the generation and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.     

医学课程线上教学现状与启示——以中南大学湘雅医学院为例

目的　通过问卷调研方式,拟从整体上了解新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间医学生对医学课程线上教学的认识和线上学习现状,并对医学课程满意度及其影响因素进行分析。方法　调查对象为中南大学湘雅医学院在读医学生188人,采用自编问卷匿名调研。运用SPSS 26.0软件对相关数据进行分析。计数资料采用率表示,组间比较采用t检验或方差分析,检验水准α=0.05。结果　88.83%（167人）的学生认为线上教学有必要或很有必要,可自由安排学习时间为线上教学最大的优点。而59.57%（112人）的学生认为学习自觉性降低,49.47%（93人）的教师对教学平台不适应,59.57%（112人）的教师对教学方式改变不适应,可能是影响教学质量的最主要原因。结论　学生对疫情期间开展的医学课线上教学普遍认可度高,但仍存在学生自律性降低、师生互动不够、对部分网课平台建设不满意、无法亲临实验室和参与临床实践等问题。本次调研对后疫情时代及未来的医学教育模式修订仍可起到帮助作用,推荐医学理论课和PBL讨论课可采用线上线下混合式教学,同时应加强临床实践和医学实验课的网络学习资源建设。     

东革阿里不同提取物抗高尿酸血症的实验研究

摘 要 目的：考察东革阿里不同提取物对高尿酸血症大鼠尿酸排泄以及肾脏功能的影响。方法: 将60只雄性Wistar大鼠均分为空白组、模型组、阳性对照组、氯仿组、乙酸乙酯组和正丁醇组,灌胃大鼠酵母膏、腺嘌呤和氧嗪酸钾制作大鼠高尿酸血症模型。造模成功后,除空白组以外的其他组继续给予造模剂,除模型组外的其他组在给予造模剂1h后分别给予相应的药液,给药14 d,检测大鼠血清和尿液中的尿酸（UA）、尿素氮（UN）及肌酐（Cr）水平、肝脏及血清中的黄嘌呤氧化酶（XOD）活性等指标。结果:与模型组相比,氯仿组和正丁醇组血清尿酸、肌酐水平显著降低（P<0.05）,尿液尿酸、肌酐水平显著升高（P<0.05）,XOD活性显著降低（P<0.01）。与阳性对照组相比,氯仿组、乙酸乙酯组、正丁醇组血清和尿UA、Cr、UN水平以及血清和肝脏XOD活性等指标均无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。氯仿组、乙酸乙酯组、正丁醇组血清和尿UA、Cr、UN水平以及血清和肝脏XOD活性等指标均无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。结论:东革阿里氯仿萃取物、正丁醇萃取物能降低腺嘌呤、酵母膏和氧嗪酸钾引起的高尿酸血症大鼠血尿酸水平,可能是通过抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶活性来发挥降尿酸作用。     

海人酸颞叶癫痫大鼠海马GAD65表达的动态变化

目的探讨GAD65在颞叶癫痫大鼠海马的表达变化及其意义。方法112只雄性SD大鼠随机分为实验组(n=70)与对照组(n=42),实验组大鼠选用海人酸腹腔注射法建立颞叶癫痫模型,对照组大鼠腹腔注射无菌生理盐水。选取腹腔注射后3h、6h、12h、24h、48h、7d和30d为研究的时间点,颞叶海马的CA1区、CA3区、齿状回为研究部位。腹腔给药后每天观察大鼠的行为学变化,大鼠处死前进行EEG描记。用原位杂交方法检测不同时间点海马不同区域GAD65mRNA的表达,免疫组织化学法检测GAD65蛋白的表达。结果实验组大鼠海马GAD65mRNA及其蛋白的表达随时间呈逐渐增高趋势,致痫后48h￣30d,GAD65mRNA及其蛋白表达较对照组增高(48h,P<0.05;7￣30d,P<0.01)。结论颞叶癫痫慢性期海马GAD65表达的增高是癫痫发生后机体的一种内源性抗痫机制。     

匹罗卡品致(癎)大鼠海马中表达生长抑素的中间神经元数目变化及其轴突出芽

Objective To investigate the roles of somatostatin(SS)positive intemeurons in the development and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods Piloearpine-induced epilepsy rat model was established.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect number changes and axonal sprouting of SS positive intemeurons in different domains of the hippocampus at difierent time points.Degeneration of SS positive interneurons and their neurophils were detected by the double immunofluorescence staining with SS and Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)at 7 and 60 days after status epilepticus (SE).Results In the exoerimental rat group,the number of SS positive neurons decreased in each hippocampal domain,and it reached the lowest at 7 days post-SE(There were 11.1±3.3 in hilus,2.8±0.9 in CA1region and 1.8±0.7 in CA1region,t=13.519,9.644 and 8.808,all P<0.01).In chronic phase,the number of SS neurons gradually recovered,and exceeded the control group in CA1 area at 60 days post-SE(12.8±1.5 vs 8.8±1.3,t=-4.506,P<0.01),however,the number of SS neurons in the hilus(25.5±4.6)and CA1 area(4.8±0.8)remained significantly less than normal levels(t value were 4.691 and 3.953.both P<0.01).Increased SS positive fibers were found in the lacunosum-molecular (1m)layer and outer molecular layer of dentate gyrus after 30 days post-SE,and numerous SS positive fibers were seen threnghout the layers of area CA1 at 60 days post-SE.Double immunofluuorescence revealed that a few SS positive interneurons and fibers were also labeled by FJB in area CA1 at 7 days post-SE and in CA domain/hilus at 60 days post-SE.Conclusions SS intemeurons loss plays an important role in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy.The loss is partially caIlsed by the degeneration and death of neurons;SS positive neurophils increase within area CA1 in chronic phase may play a significant role in the generation and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.     

关岛型肌萎缩侧索硬化-帕金森综合征-痴呆复合征一例

关岛型肌萎缩侧索硬化-帕金森综合征-痴呆复合征(Guamanian amyotrophic lateral sclerosis parkinsonism dementia complex,Guam-ALS-PDC)是一种在关岛和几内亚等一些岛屿多见的地区性神经变性疾病,临床表现以肌萎缩侧索硬化、帕金森综合征、进行性痴呆为主要特征.近年来世界各地亦有报道,国内迄今仅有相似的2例报道[1-2],现将我院收治的1例报告如下.     

疑难病例析评 第25例 肢端麻痛-神经束膜增厚-神经纤维脱髓鞘-轴索变性(Ⅰ)

病历摘要患者女 ,6 8岁 ,1989年 3月受凉后出现感冒样症状 ,咳嗽、流涕。 2 0余天后出现腹泻、腹胀、不伴发热 ,服中药治疗过程中反复腹泻 ,某夜惊醒急起出现对称性四肢远端麻木和疼痛 ,呈持续性 ,天气变凉及轻触皮肤使疼痛加重 ,入睡后疼痛减轻 ,起病后患者逐渐出现行动缓慢 ,不愿行走 ,身体不敢接触别的东西 ,身体各部位 (尤其是四肢远端 )一旦接触他物就疼痛难忍 ,致使生活不能自理 ,卧床 ,翻身困难。在当地医院按“周围神经病”给予神经营养等治疗无效 ,于 1990年 9月入我院。既往有上消化道出血、胃溃疡病史。入院后行左腓肠神经活检明…     

感觉神经束膜炎(附1例报告)

目的 探讨感觉神经束膜炎(SPN)患者的临床和病理特点及雷公藤多甙治疗的疗效。方法 报道1例SPN患者的临床和病理资料，并进行10年系统观察，相隔10年分别行左、右腓肠神经活检，并随访患者雷公藤多甙治疗疗效。结果 本例患者表现为急性起病，进行性全身麻痛，以肢体远端明显；病理特点：腓肠神经束膜增厚，神经纤维间大量胶原纤维沉积，轴索变性，髓鞘脱失；雷公藤多甙治疗后，临床症状好转，生活能自理，病理改变减轻。结论 本例SPN可能是一种自身免疫性疾病，雷公藤多甙治疗有效。