全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2667篇 |
免费 | 221篇 |
国内免费 | 14篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 28篇 |
儿科学 | 59篇 |
妇产科学 | 34篇 |
基础医学 | 463篇 |
口腔科学 | 58篇 |
临床医学 | 255篇 |
内科学 | 519篇 |
皮肤病学 | 109篇 |
神经病学 | 334篇 |
特种医学 | 108篇 |
外科学 | 431篇 |
综合类 | 13篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 160篇 |
眼科学 | 37篇 |
药学 | 107篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 183篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 56篇 |
2022年 | 29篇 |
2021年 | 139篇 |
2020年 | 88篇 |
2019年 | 110篇 |
2018年 | 135篇 |
2017年 | 80篇 |
2016年 | 100篇 |
2015年 | 123篇 |
2014年 | 123篇 |
2013年 | 154篇 |
2012年 | 205篇 |
2011年 | 194篇 |
2010年 | 107篇 |
2009年 | 99篇 |
2008年 | 110篇 |
2007年 | 106篇 |
2006年 | 127篇 |
2005年 | 111篇 |
2004年 | 117篇 |
2003年 | 84篇 |
2002年 | 82篇 |
2001年 | 38篇 |
2000年 | 25篇 |
1999年 | 29篇 |
1998年 | 21篇 |
1997年 | 20篇 |
1996年 | 14篇 |
1995年 | 13篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 24篇 |
1991年 | 15篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 16篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 8篇 |
1971年 | 8篇 |
1969年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有2902条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Hommes Franziska Mohsenpour Amir Kropff Dana Pilgram Lisa Matusall Svenja von Philipsborn Peter Sell Kerstin 《Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz》2022,65(1):96-106
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz - Akteure der öffentlichen Gesundheit (Public Health) tragen wesentlich zu Gesundheitsschutz, -förderung und... 相似文献
2.
Martin R. Späth Malte P. Bartram Nicolàs Palacio-Escat K. Johanna R. Hoyer Cedric Debes Fatih Demir Christina B. Schroeter Amrei M. Mandel Franziska Grundmann Giuliano Ciarimboli Andreas Beyer Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu Susanne Brodesser Heike Göbel Jan U. Becker Thomas Benzing Bernhard Schermer Martin Höhne Markus M. Rinschen 《Kidney international》2019,95(2):333-349
3.
4.
Anna C. Rienmüller Sandro M. Krieg Franziska A. Schmidt Elias L. Meyer Bernhard Meyer 《The spine journal》2019,19(1):113-120
Background Context
The concept of dynamic stabilization (DS) of the lumbar spine for treatment of degenerative instability has been introduced almost two decades ago. Dynamic stabilization follows the principle of controlling movement in the coronal plane by providing load transfer of the spinal segment without fusion and, at the same time, reducing side effects such as adjacent segment disease (ASD). So far, only little is known about revision rates after DS due to ASD and screw loosening (SL).Purpose
The present study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal revision rates following dynamic pedicle screw stabilization in the lumbar spine and to determine specific risk factors predictive for ASD, SL, and overall reoperation in a large cohort with considerable follow-up.Design
We carried out a post hoc analysis of a prospectively collected database in a level I spine center.Patients Example
The patient sample comprised 283 (151 female/132 male) consecutive patients suffering from painful degenerative lumbar segmental instability with or without spinal stenosis who underwent DS of the lumbar spine (Ulrich Cosmic, Ulrich Medical, Ulm, Germany) between January 2008 and December 2011.Outcome Measures
Longitudinal reoperation rate and risk factors predictive for revision surgery were evaluated.Methods
We analyzed the longitudinal reoperation rate due to ASD and SL and overall reoperation. Risk factors such as age, gender, body mass index, lumbar lordosis (LL), number of segments, and number of previous surgeries were taken into account. Regular and mixed model logistic regressions were performed to determine risk factors for revision surgery on a patient and on a screw level.Results
The mean age was 65.7±10.2 years (range 31–88). One hundred thirty-two patients were stabilized in 1 segment, 134 in 2 segments, 15 in 3 segments, and 2 patients in 4 segments. Reoperation rate for ASD and SL after 1 year was 7.4 %, after 2 years was 15.0%, and after a mean follow-up of 51.4±15 months was 22.6%. Reasons for revision were SL in 19 cases (6.6%), ASD in 39 cases (13.7%), SL and ASD in 6 cases, hematoma in 2 cases (0.7%), cerebrospinal fluid fistulae in 3 cases (1.1%), infection in 6 cases (2.1%), and implant failure in 1 case (0.4%). The patients' age, the number of stabilized segments, and the number of previous surgeries and postoperative LL had a significant influence on the probability for revision surgery.Conclusions
Reoperation rates after DS of the lumbar spine are comparable with rigid fixations. The younger the patient and the more segments are involved, the lower the LL and the more previous surgeries were found, the higher was the risk of revision. Risk of revision was almost twice as high in men compared with women. We therefore conclude that for clear clinical indication and careful evaluation of preoperative imaging data, DS using the Cosmic system seems to be a possible option. The presented data will help to further tailor indication and patient selection. 相似文献5.
6.
Michael Müller Lotty Rietschin Franziska Grogg Peter Streit Beat H. Ghwiler 《Hippocampus》1994,4(2):204-209
The heavy metal bismuth induces a new type of selective neuronal degeneration that shares some common aspects with that seen following hypoxia and ischemia. Continuous application of 3 μm bismuth to organotypic cultures of rat hippocampus resulted after 2–3 weeks in selective degeneration of CA1 pyramidal cells, while CA3 pyramidal cells, dentate granule cells, and subicular neurons were resistant. With 10 μm MK-801, a noncompetitive NMDA-antagonist, during the entire culturing period failed to prevent neuronal degeneration induced by 3 μm bismuth. GABA-immunoreactive interneurons were also affected by bismuth, but were generally less sensitive than CA1 pyramidal cells. Acute application of up to 100 μm bismuth did not change the electrophysiological properties of CA1 pyramidal cells. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
C A McCloskey G V Ramani M A Mathier P R Schauer G M Eid S G Mattar A P Courcoulas R Ramanathan 《Surgery for obesity and related diseases》2007,3(5):503-507
BACKGROUND: Longstanding morbid obesity can be associated with severe cardiomyopathy. However, the safety and efficacy of bariatric surgery in patients with severe cardiomyopathy has not been studied, and the effect of surgical weight loss on postoperative cardiac function is also unknown. In addition, morbidly obese patients have significantly increased mortality associated with cardiac transplantation, often precluding them from becoming recipients. METHODS: A retrospective study of patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction < or =35% who underwent bariatric surgery (1998-2005) was performed. Short-term morbidity/mortality, length of stay, excess weight loss, pre- and postoperative left ventricular ejection fraction, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class were assessed. RESULTS: A total of 14 patients (10 men and 4 women) with a mean preoperative body mass index of 50.8 +/- 2.04 kg/m(2) underwent bariatric surgery (10 underwent laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, 1 open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, 2 sleeve gastrectomy, and 1 laparoscopic gastric banding). The complications were pulmonary edema in 1, hypotension in 1, and transient renal insufficiency in 2. The median length of stay was 3.0 days (range 2-9). The mean excess weight loss at 6 months was 50.4%, with a decrease in the mean body mass index from 50.8 +/- 2.04 kg/m(2) to 36.8 +/- 1.72 kg/m(2). The mean left ventricular ejection fraction at 6 months had significantly improved from 23% +/- 2% to 32% +/- 4% (P = .04), correlating with improved functional capacity, as measured by the NYHA classification. Preoperatively, 2 patients (14%) had an NYHA classification of IV, 6 (43%) a classification of III, and 6 (43%) a classification of II. At 6 months postoperatively, no patient had an NYHA classification of IV, 2 (14%) had a classification of III, and 12 (86%) an NYHA classification of II. Two patients had undergone cardiac transplant evaluations preoperatively and underwent successful transplantation after weight loss. CONCLUSION: The results of our study have shown that bariatric surgery for patients with cardiomyopathy is feasible and effective. Surgically induced weight loss results in both subjective and objective improvement in cardiac function. In addition, surgical weight loss can provide a bridge to transplantation in patients who were prohibited secondary to their morbid obesity. 相似文献