八种瑞—姬氏血细胞染色液的对比观察

目的：对八种瑞－姬氏液进行对比以评价其质量。方法：配制各染液，制备血涂片染色后观察红细胞粒细胞染色情况形态变化等。结果：八种瑞－姬氏染液有７种染色良好，加入适量非离子表面活性剂；ＰＶＰ９．９ｇ／５００ｍｌ甲醇，吐温－２０３ｍｌ／５００ｍｌ甲醇，可使染液成熟加快、染色时间缩短至１￣３ｍｉｎ，视野清亮，细胞结构清楚。结论：瑞－姬氏染液，特别加入非离子表面活性剂者，配制简易、染色只需１￣３ｍｉｎ，胞核与     

西安地区2002-2009年淋球菌耐药性趋势分析

目的 监测西安地区淋球菌对抗生素的耐药性及产青霉素酶(PPNG)和质粒介导的耐四环素菌株(TRNG),了解淋球菌耐药趋势.方法 2002-2009年从性病门诊确诊的淋病患者中分离647株淋球菌.采用琼脂稀释法检测菌株是否为TRNG及对抗生素最低抑菌浓度(MIC),采用纸片酸度法测定菌株是否产β-内酰胺酶(PPNG).结果 647株淋球菌中,检出216株(33.4%)TRNG,PPNG为290株(44.8%).TRNG的阳性率保持在28.3%～49.2%,只有2005年阳性率是17.3%.PPNG阳性率由2002年的37.1%上升到2005年的64%,呈递增趋势,但2006-2009年又逐年下降,2009年下降到32.3%.大观霉素的耐药率为0～2.8%.环丙沙星的耐药率除2006年(51%)有所下降以外,其余均在80%以上,2005年达到100%.头孢曲松的耐药率除2003年发现4株耐药外,其余无耐药株出现,但敏感菌株逐渐减少,中敏菌株逐年递增.结论 淋球菌对大观霉素敏感性高,应做为治疗淋病的首选药物,头孢曲松治疗淋病应注意给足剂量,环丙沙星不能做为治疗淋病用药.

Abstract：

Objective To monitor the antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, determine the prevalence of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) and plasmid-mediated tetracycline-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (TRNG) in Xi'an region, and to analyse the trends in antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Methods In total, 647 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were isolated from patients with gonorrhea in sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic settings from 2002 to 2009. Agar dilution method was used to detect TRNG and determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics, and paper acidometric method to detect PPNG. Results Of these 647 strains, 216 (33.4%) were TRNG, 290 (44.8%)were PPNG. The prevalence of TRNG strains remained between 28.3% and 49.2% in 2002-2009, except for 17.3% in 2005; the prevalence of PPNG strains increased from 37.1% in 2002 to 64% in 2005, but declined from 2006 to 2009 (32.3%). The prevalence of resistance to spectinomycin maintained at a low level (0 to 2.8%) over these years, while that to ciprofloxacin remained higher than 80% from 2002 to 2009, and accounted for 100% in 2005, with the exception of 51% in 2006. Ceftriaxone resistance was observed in none of these strains except 4 isolates in 2003, but the susceptibility to ceftriaxone decreased yearly. Conclusions Neisseria gonorrhoeae is highly sensitive to spectinomycin, which should serve as the first treatment choice for gonorrhea.Full dose is necessary for the application of ceftriaxone in the treatment of gonorrhea. Ciprofloxacin should not be used to treat gonorrhea.     

生殖器溃疡中单纯疱疹病毒的检测和分型

目的：了解性病门诊生殖器溃疡患者中单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）感染情况，并评价聚合酶链反应（PCR）－微孔板反向杂交检测和分型方法在生器疱疹诊断中的意义。方法：采用病毒分离培养、普通PCR和PCR－微孔板反向杂交法同时对200份生殖器溃疡标本作了HSV检测与分型。结果：PCR－微孔板反向杂交法的敏感性和特异性分别为98．1％和95．9％，PCR－微孔板杂交法分型结果与病毒分离培养法和普遍PCR的分型结果完全相符。生殖器溃疡中HSV检出率为30％（60／200），其中HSV－2感染占96．7％（58／60）。结论：HSV－2是性病门诊患者生殖器溃疡的主要病因之一，PCR－微孔板反向杂交法是一种适用生殖器溃疡标本中HSV的检测与分型的快速、敏感和特异的诊断方法。     

西安地区105株淋球菌抗菌药物耐药性分析

我院参加了中国疾病预防控制中心性病麻风病防治技术指导中心建立的淋球菌耐药监测协作网,首次对西安地区2002年分离的105株淋球菌对抗菌药物敏感性进行了监测,现将结果报道如下。