全文获取类型
收费全文 | 35178篇 |
免费 | 1817篇 |
国内免费 | 214篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 349篇 |
儿科学 | 555篇 |
妇产科学 | 468篇 |
基础医学 | 4490篇 |
口腔科学 | 959篇 |
临床医学 | 2258篇 |
内科学 | 9371篇 |
皮肤病学 | 713篇 |
神经病学 | 2239篇 |
特种医学 | 1084篇 |
外科学 | 5802篇 |
综合类 | 168篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 1111篇 |
眼科学 | 704篇 |
药学 | 2214篇 |
中国医学 | 114篇 |
肿瘤学 | 4609篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 161篇 |
2022年 | 123篇 |
2021年 | 627篇 |
2020年 | 354篇 |
2019年 | 469篇 |
2018年 | 671篇 |
2017年 | 492篇 |
2016年 | 624篇 |
2015年 | 640篇 |
2014年 | 864篇 |
2013年 | 1018篇 |
2012年 | 1656篇 |
2011年 | 1857篇 |
2010年 | 1033篇 |
2009年 | 855篇 |
2008年 | 1677篇 |
2007年 | 1855篇 |
2006年 | 1746篇 |
2005年 | 1863篇 |
2004年 | 1810篇 |
2003年 | 1882篇 |
2002年 | 1735篇 |
2001年 | 1016篇 |
2000年 | 996篇 |
1999年 | 1014篇 |
1998年 | 476篇 |
1997年 | 368篇 |
1996年 | 401篇 |
1995年 | 342篇 |
1994年 | 307篇 |
1993年 | 256篇 |
1992年 | 772篇 |
1991年 | 712篇 |
1990年 | 629篇 |
1989年 | 710篇 |
1988年 | 606篇 |
1987年 | 550篇 |
1986年 | 554篇 |
1985年 | 520篇 |
1984年 | 360篇 |
1983年 | 274篇 |
1982年 | 182篇 |
1981年 | 147篇 |
1980年 | 125篇 |
1979年 | 249篇 |
1978年 | 186篇 |
1977年 | 150篇 |
1974年 | 118篇 |
1971年 | 122篇 |
1969年 | 130篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 237 毫秒
1.
Tumor tissue is composed of tumor cells and tumor stroma. Tumor stroma contains various immune cells and non-immune stromal cells, forming a complex tumor microenvironment which plays pivotal roles in regulating tumor growth. Recent successes in immunotherapies against tumors, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, have further raised interests in the immune microenvironment of liver carcinoma. The immune microenvironment of tumors is formed because of interactions among tumor cells, immune cells and non-immune stromal cells, including fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Different patterns of immune microenvironment are observed among different tumor subtypes, and their clinicopathological significance and intertumor/intratumor heterogeneity are being intensively studied. Here, we review the immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and liver metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinoma, focusing on its histopathological appearance, clinicopathological significance, and relationship with histological and molecular classifications. Understanding the comprehensive histopathological picture of a tumor immune microenvironment, in addition to molecular and genetic approaches, will further potentiate the effort for precision medicine in the era of tumor-targeting immunotherapy. 相似文献
2.
Keiko Goto Yutaka Fujiwara Takeshi Isobe Naoko Chayahara Naomi Kiyota Toru Mukohara Yukari Tsubata Takamasa Hotta Kenji Tamura Noboru Yamamoto Hironobu Minami 《Cancer science》2019,110(6):1987-1994
Although dose reduction of S‐1 is recommended for patients with impaired renal function, dose modification for such patients has not been prospectively evaluated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic parameters of 5‐fluorouracil, 5‐chloro‐2,4 dihydroxypyridine and oteracil potassium, and to review the recommended dose modification of S‐1 in patients with renal impairment. We classified patients receiving S‐1 into 4 groups according to their renal function, as measured using the Japanese estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equation. The daily S‐1 dose was adjusted based on the patient's eGFR and body surface area. Blood samples were collected for pharmacokinetic analysis. A total of 33 patients were enrolled and classified into 4 groups as follows: 10 patients in cohort 1 (eGFR ≥ 80 mL/min/1.73 m2), 10 patients in cohort 2 (eGFR = 50‐79 mL/min/1.73 m2), 10 patients in cohort 3 (eGFR = 30‐49 mL/min/1.73 m2), and 3 patients in cohort 4 (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2). Those in cohorts 3 and 4 treated with an adjusted dose of S‐1 showed a similar area under the curve for 5‐fluorouracil (941.9 ± 275.6 and 1043.5 ± 224.8 ng/mL, respectively) compared with cohort 2 (1034.9 ± 414.3 ng/mL). Notably, while there was a statistically significant difference between cohort 1 (689.6 ± 208.8 ng/mL) and 2 (P = 0.0474) treated with an equal dose of S‐1, there was no significant difference observed in the toxicity profiles of the cohorts. In conclusion, dose adjustment of S‐1 in patients with impaired renal function using eGFR is appropriate and safe. 相似文献
3.
Shinichi Tsuruta Kenichi Kohashi Yuichi Yamada Minako Fujiwara Yutaka Koga Eikichi Ihara Yoshihiro Ogawa Eiji Oki Masafumi Nakamura Yoshinao Oda 《Cancer science》2020,111(3):1008-1019
ARID1A, one of the subunits in SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, is frequently mutated in gastric cancers with microsatellite instability (MSI). The most frequent MSI in solid‐type poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (PDA) has been reported, but the SWI/SNF complex status in solid‐type PDA is still largely unknown. We retrospectively analyzed 54 cases of solid‐type PDA for the expressions of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins (MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6), SWI/SNF complex subunits (ARID1A, INI1, BRG1, BRM, BAF155, and BAF170) and EBER, and mutations in KRAS and BRAF. We analyzed 40 cases of another histological type of gastric cancer as a control group. The solid‐type PDAs showed coexisting glandular components (76%), MMR deficiency (39%), and complete/partial loss of ARID1A (31%/7%), INI1 (4%/4%), BRG1 (48%/30%), BRM (33%/33%), BAF155 (13%/41%), and BAF170 (6%/2%), EBER positivity (4%), KRAS mutation (2%), and BRAF mutation (2%). Compared to the control group, MMR deficiency and losses of ARID1A, BRG1, BRM, and BAF155 were significantly frequent in solid‐type PDAs. Mismatch repair deficiency was associated with the losses of ARID1A, BRG1, and BAF155 in solid‐type PDAs. In the MMR‐deficient group, solid components showed significantly more frequent losses of ARID1A, BRG1, BRM, and BAF155 compared to glandular components (P = .0268, P = .0181, P = .0224, and P = .0071, respectively). In the MMR‐proficient group, solid components showed significantly more frequent loss of BRG1 compared to glandular components (P = .012). In conclusion, solid‐type PDAs showed frequent losses of MMR proteins and the SWI/SNF complex. We suggest that loss of the SWI/SNF complex could induce a morphological shift from differentiated‐type adenocarcinoma to solid‐type PDA. 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
Zuo Shogo Sho Masayuki Sawai Toshio Kanehiro Hiromichi Maeda Kosaku Yoshida Makiko Tsukada Ryo Nomura Motonari Okuyama Hiroomi 《Pediatric surgery international》2020,36(2):137-143
Pediatric Surgery International - The programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway has garnered much attention for its roles in clinical oncology. The aim of this study was... 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
K. Miura S. Yamaoka K. Arizono S. Ohba T. Koga T. Kawasaki N. Yoshida I. Asahina 《The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery》2019,57(6):529-535
Our aim was to evaluate the long-term skeletal stability of the mandible in 21 patients after orthognathic surgery with physiological positioning. The measurement points SNB, B point (X, Y), Pog (X, Y), and the angle of the ramus were measured on cephalometric photographs to assess skeletal stability preoperatively, immediately after operation, and one and two years postoperatively. In addition, we evaluated the clinical symptoms of disorders of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The analysis of the cephalometric photographs showed that SNB, B point X, and Pog X showed no significant differences among the postoperative time points. On the other hand, B point Y and Pog Y showed no significant differences throughout the study period. We compared the angle of the ramus before operation and two years postoperatively, and no significant difference was found. In addition, no cases showed any pathological symptoms of disorders of the TMJ two years postoperatively. The long-term stability after orthognathic surgery with physiological positioning was confirmed, and it seems to be a reliable orthognathic treatment in patients with mandibular prognathism. 相似文献