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排序方式: 共有9100条查询结果,搜索用时 40 毫秒
1.
Sho Yagishita 《Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences》2020,74(2):91-98
Pharmacological studies of antidepressants and atypical antipsychotics have suggested a role of dopamine and serotonin signaling in depression. However, depressive symptoms and treatment effects are difficult to explain based simply on brain‐wide decrease or increase in the concentrations of these molecules. Recent animal studies using advanced neuronal manipulation and observation techniques have revealed detailed dopamine and serotonin dynamics that regulate diverse aspects of motivation‐related behavior. Dopamine and serotonin transiently modulate moment‐to‐moment behavior at timescales ranging from sub‐second to minutes and also produce persistent effects, such as reward‐related learning and stress responses that last longer than several days. Transient and sustained effects often exhibit specific roles depending on the projection sites, where distinct synaptic and cellular mechanisms are required to process the neurotransmitters for each transient and sustained timescale. Therefore, it appears that specific aspects of motivation‐related behavior are regulated by distinct synaptic and cellular mechanisms in specific brain regions that underlie the transient and sustained effects of dopamine and serotonin signaling. Recent clinical studies have implied that subjects with depressive symptoms show impaired transient and sustained signaling functions; moreover, they exhibit heterogeneity in depressive symptoms and neuronal dysfunction. Depressive symptoms may be explained by the dysfunction of each transient and sustained signaling mechanism, and distinct patterns of impairment in the relevant mechanisms may explain the heterogeneity of symptoms. Thus, detailed understanding of dopamine and serotonin signaling may provide new insight into depressive symptoms. 相似文献
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Zuo Shogo Sho Masayuki Sawai Toshio Kanehiro Hiromichi Maeda Kosaku Yoshida Makiko Tsukada Ryo Nomura Motonari Okuyama Hiroomi 《Pediatric surgery international》2020,36(2):137-143
Pediatric Surgery International - The programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway has garnered much attention for its roles in clinical oncology. The aim of this study was... 相似文献
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Yasushi Sawayama Hidehiro Itonaga Takuya Fukushima Nobuaki Nakano Hiroshi Fujiwara Atae Utsunomiya Takahiro Fukuda Toshihiro Miyamoto Tetsuya Eto Kaname Miyashita Hirohisa Nakamae Masao Ogata Atsushi Yamanoha Yasuhiko Miyazaki Junya Kanda Yoshiko Atsuta Koji Kato ATL Working Group of the Japan Society for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation 《American journal of hematology》2019,94(5):E143-E146
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Kenji Fujisawa Youji Miyamoto Masaru Nagayama 《Journal of oral pathology & medicine》2003,32(6):358-366
BACKGROUND: The therapies for refractory ulcers on the oral mucosa are symptomatic and very unsatisfactory. We hypothesized that application of growth factors might be able to achieve successful remission of the lesion. We evaluated the effects of systemic administration and topical application of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on impaired wound healing of ulcers in the rabbit gingiva. METHODS: Almost uniform round ulcers could be created on the gingiva of the rabbits by chemical injury with acetic acid. When the submandibular glands were removed or i.v. injection of cisplatin (CDDP) and peplomycin sulfate was performed before ulcer formation, healing of the ulcers took longer than in untreated rabbits. To ascertain whether or not human EGF and bFGF affect rabbit cells, we first examined the effects of EGF and bFGF on the proliferation of the cells derived from rabbit gingiva. We then applied EGF or bFGF in these impaired healing models. RESULTS: EGF and bFGF promoted proliferation of the fibroblasts, and EGF also promoted proliferation of the keratinocytes isolated from gingival tissue of rabbits in vitro. Systemic injections of EGF and bFGF in rabbits, which had their submandibular glands removed, and topical application of bFGF accelerated healing of ulcers created in rabbits injected with CDDP and peplomycin sulfate. The ability of bFGF to promote the healing of ulcers was much greater than that of EGF. CONCLUSION: Basic FGF may be effective for refractory oral mucosal lesions. 相似文献
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This study focuses on obtaining more information about the site of anastomosis, with three-dimensional examination using methylmethacrylate resin (Mercox) corrosion casts. Seventy microvascular anastomoses were performed in Wistar albino rats, divided into two groups before sacrifice. In Group 1 (35), Mercox was injected into the vessels, whereas in Group 2 (35), the tissues were prepared without injecting Mercox. Both groups were compared under the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM preparation in Group 1 was simple, easy, and artifacts were significantly minimized. The anastomotic site could be well appreciated in three-dimensional views. Clear negative imprints of the endothelial surface were achieved without any breakage in the Mercox corrosion cast, and it can be reliably used in the evaluation of small vessel anastomosis. 相似文献
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Hiroaki Matsuura Hizuru Miyamoto Kenichi Kurita Alastair N Goss 《Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery》2006,64(10):1517-1525
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to test the functional and histologic fate of costochondral grafts (CG) in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reconstruction for unilateral ankylosis in the sheep. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five pure-bred adult Merino sheep were used. Ankylosis was induced by articular damage, disc removal, and placement of a bone graft. At 3 months, a gap arthroplasty was performed with a CG from the thirteenth rib. The sheep were sacrificed 3 months after CG reconstruction. The range of jaw movements were recorded at first operation, at lysis of ankylosis, and at sacrifice. The joints were examined radiologically, macroscopically, and histologically. RESULTS: All sheep showed a decrease in masticatory function, as shown by weight loss and decreased jaw opening, during the ankylosis period. On release, they regained weight and increased the range of jaw movement. Histologically, the joint space was filled with fibrous tissue. However, the partial spaces around the CG head were covered by fibrous tissue and/or fibrous cartilage. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that, when CGs are used with a gap arthroplasty in a fibrous and bony ankylosed TMJ, masticatory function is restored. 相似文献
10.
Yoshitaka Imoto Naoki Muguruma Tetsuo Kimura Masako Kaji Hiroshi Miyamoto Seisuke Okamura Susumu Ito Masahiko Nakasono Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa Toshiaki Sano 《Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai zasshi》2007,104(3):401-406
Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM) in neoplastic syndrome has been most commonly reported in squamous cell carcinoma. Gallbladder carcinoma with HHM is uncommon. In this report, we describe a male case of gallbladder carcinoma with marked hypercalcemia and a high level of serum parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP). An immunohistochemical examination using PTHrP was also positive. 相似文献