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排序方式: 共有481条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Nir Lubezky Ur Metser Ravit Geva Richard Nakache Einat Shmueli Joseph M. Klausner Einat Even-Sapir Arie Figer Menahem Ben-Haim 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2007,11(4):472-478
Background Recent data confirmed the importance of 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in the selection of patients with colorectal hepatic metastases for surgery.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before hepatic resection in selected cases may improve outcome. The influence of chemotherapy on
the sensitivity of FDG-PET and CT in detecting liver metastases is not known.
Methods Patients were assigned to either neoadjuvant treatment or immediate hepatic resection according to resectability, risk of
recurrence, extrahepatic disease, and patient preference. Two-thirds of them underwent FDG-PET/CT before chemotherapy; all
underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced CT and FDG-PET/CT. Those without extensive extrahepatic disease underwent open exploration
and resection of all the metastases according to original imaging findings. Operative and pathological findings were compared
to imaging results.
Results Twenty-seven patients (33 lesions) underwent immediate hepatic resection (group 1), and 48 patients (122 lesions) received
preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy (group 2). Sensitivity of FDG-PET and CT in detecting colorectal (CR) metastases was
significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2 (FDG-PET: 93.3 vs 49%, P < 0.0001; CT: 87.5 vs 65.3, P = 0.038). CT had a higher sensitivity than FDG-PET in detecting CR metastases following neoadjuvant therapy (65.3 vs 49%,
P < 0.0001). Sensitivity of FDG-PET, but not of CT, was lower in group 2 patients whose chemotherapy included bevacizumab compared
to patients who did not receive bevacizumab (39 vs 59%, P = 0.068).
Conclusions FDG-PET/CT sensitivity is lowered by neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CT is more sensitive than FDG-PET in detecting CR metastases
following neoadjuvant therapy. Surgical decision-making requires information from multiple imaging modalities and pretreatment
findings. Baseline FDG-PET and CT before neoadjuvant therapy are mandatory.
The abstract was presented before the 58th Cancer Symposium of the Society of Surgical Oncology, Atlanta, GA, USA, 2005, and
before the 2005 Congress of the American Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association, Fort-Lauderdale, FL, USA. 相似文献
2.
Einat Rabinovitch Dror Harats Pnina Yaron Tamar Luvish Merav Lidar Ron Kedem Aviv Shaish Issahar Ben-Dov Avi Livneh 《Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology》2007,99(6):517-521
BACKGROUND: Asthma is an inflammatory airway disease caused by interaction between susceptibility genes and diverse environmental factors. In Israel, asthma seems to be familial and more severe in patients of Iraqi Jewish descent. On the other hand, asthma is less frequent in individuals with familial Mediterranean fever, an autoinflammatory disease prevalent in the Iraqi Jewish community and linked to mutations in the familial Mediterranean fever gene, designated MEFV. OBJECTIVES: To explore a possible role for mutated MEFV in the reduced susceptibility to asthma and to determine its expression in Israeli subjects of Iraqi origins. METHODS: Using a case-control approach, we studied the presence of the 3 most common MEFV mutations (M694V, V726A, and E148Q) in DNA samples from 75 patients with asthma and 45 asymptomatic first-degree relatives, all of Iraqi Jewish origin. The severity of asthma was evaluated using a published severity score. RESULTS: Eleven patients with asthma and 14 of their relatives carried 1 or 2 mutations in the MEFV gene, a carrier rate significantly lower in patients with asthma than in their first-degree relatives and in ethnically matched healthy individuals (P < .03 and P < .003, respectively). Carriers of MEFV mutations had less severe disease, compared with noncarriers (P < .002). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that MEFV mutations may have a protective effect in the pathogenesis of asthma. 相似文献
3.
Inositol is a simple polyol precursor in a second messenger system important in brain myo-insitol, the natural isomer, which
has been found to be therapeutically effective in depression, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder in double-blind
controlled trials. Recently, epiinositol, an unnatural stereoisomer of myo-inositol, was found to have effects similar to
those of myo-inositol to reverse lithium-pilocarpine seizures. We measured the behavior of rats in an elevated plus maze model
of anxiety after chronic treatment of 11 daily intraperitoneal injections of epi-inositol, myo-inositol, or control solution.
Epi-inositol reduced anxiety levels of rats compared with controls, and its effect was stronger than that of myoinositol.
Lithium has been hypothesized to alleviate mania by reducing brain inositol levels. Inositol in brain derives from the second
messenger cycle, from new synthesis, or from diet via transport across the blood brain barrier. Because the first two are
inhibited by lithium, we propose that an inositol-free diet will augment lithium action in mania by enhancing restriction
of inositol. 相似文献
4.
Rationale: Myo-inositol is an isomer of glucose that is a precursor in the phosphatidylinositol (PIP) cycle, a source of two second
messengers: diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol triphosphate (IP3). Clinical studies have reported that inositol is effective in relieving symptoms of depression. Objective: The present study examined the effects of inositol on two animal models of depression: the Porsolt forced swim test, a behaviorally
based model; and the reserpine-induced immobility model, a pharmacologically based model. Methods and results: Chronic inositol injections (daily for 14 days) of 1.2 g/kg (but not at lower doses) reduced immobility time and increased
struggle time in the Porsolt test compared with control animals. The same dose and treatment schedule also reduced complete
immobility time but did not affect ambulatory activity in the reserpine test compared with controls. Chronic oral treatment
with inositol (10% in food for 14 days) had effects similar to IP inositol in the Porsolt test. Conclusions: The effect of inositol in animal models of depression supports its possible importance as a new treatment for the disorder,
and permits research on its mechanisms of action.
Received: 31 August 1998 / Final version: 18 November 1998 相似文献
5.
6.
Minority status is associated with mental and physical morbidity, substance dependence, and poor outcomes. To compare characteristics and treatment outcomes between patients from two minority groups in Israel (Christians and Muslims) and patients from the majority population (Jews) in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT), we prospectively studied all patients admitted to our clinic between 1993 and 2012 and followed up until 2013; 655 Jews, 67 Christians, and 37 Muslims. Christian patients differed from Jews and Muslims by younger age at admission to MMT, greater prevalence of drug injectors, and a higher proportion of Hepatitis-C and HIV sera positive. Muslims had comparatively less education and a lower proportion of females. The three groups had similar rates of one-year retention (75.9%) and opiate abstinence (68.1%). They also did not differ in long-term retention (up to 20 years): Muslims 5.5 years (95%CI 3.6-7.4), Christians 7.5 years (95%CI 6-9.1), and Jews 7.6 years (95%CI 7-8.2, p = .3). The Hepatitis-C incidence, however, was higher among the 21 admitted Hepatitis-C seronegative minorities (5.0/100 person years) than the 207 Hepatitis-C seronegative non-minority patients (1.7/100 person years, p=0.03). All groups had good treatment outcomes, except for Hepatitis-C seroconversion, which necessitates a specific preventive intervention among the minority groups. 相似文献
7.
David Potik Einat Peles Yahli Abramsohn Miriam Adelson Shaul Schreiber 《Journal of psychoactive drugs》2014,46(4):325-333
The relationship between vulnerable attachment style, psychopathology, drug abuse, and retention in treatment among patients in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) was examined by the Vulnerable Attachment Style Questionnaire (VASQ), the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), and drug abuse urine tests. After six years, retention in treatment and repeated urine test results were studied. Patients with vulnerable attachment style (a high VASQ score) had higher rates of drug abuse and higher psychopathology levels compared to patients with secure attachment style, especially on the interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, and paranoid ideation scales. Drug abstinence at baseline was related to retention in treatment and to higher rates of drug abstinence after six years in MMT, whereas a vulnerable attachment style could not predict drug abstinence and retention in treatment. Clinical Implications concerning treatment of drug abusing populations and methodological issues concerning the VASQ’s subscales are also discussed. 相似文献
8.
N. Kara S. Narayanan R. H. Belmaker H. Einat V. A. Vaidya G. Agam 《The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology / official scientific journal of the Collegium Internationale Neuropsychopharmacologicum (CINP)》2015,18(7)
Background:
The term adult neurogenesis constitutes a series of developmental steps including the birth, survival, differentiation, maturation, and even death of newborn progenitor cells within neurogenic niches. Within the hippocampus progenitors reside in the neurogenic niche of the subgranular zone in the dentate gyrus subfield. At the different stages, designated type-I, type-IIa, type-IIb, type-III, and granule cell neurons, the cells express a series of markers enabling their identification and visualization. Lithium has been shown to increase hippocampal cell proliferation in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus subfield of adult rodents and to stimulate the proliferation of hippocampal progenitor cells in vitro, but data regarding lithium’s ability to increase neuronal differentiation and survival is equivocal.Methods:
To clarify the effect of lithium on adult hippocampal neurogenesis, we identified the effect of chronic lithium treatment on distinct stages of hippocampal progenitor development using adult Nestin-green fluorescent protein transgenic mice and immunofluorescent techniques.Results:
The present observations confirm that lithium targets the initial stages of progenitor development enhancing the turnover of quiescent neural progenitors/putative stem-cells, corroborating previous reports. However, the enhanced quiescent neural progenitor-turnover does not translate into an increased number of immature neurons. We also observed a steep decline in the number of type-III immature neurons with complex tertiary-dendrites, suggesting that lithium alters the morphological maturation of newborn neurons.Conclusions:
Our results do not corroborate previous reports of lithium-induced enhanced numbers of newly generated neurons. 相似文献9.
10.
Rinat Avraham Vlada Shor Nancy Hurvitz Rachel Shvartsur Einat Kimhi 《Teaching and Learning in Nursing》2018,13(4):258-262
The study examines the impact of one-on-one simulation for medication administration (MA) on prelicensure student preparedness for and performance of MA in the clinical setting.We used a prospective quasi-experimental interventional study applying Kirkpatrick's model to the simulation experience addressing MA.Simulation increased student preparedness. Students' critical thinking and approach during the MA process were significantly higher in the clinical setting.One-on-one MA simulation is an effective educational method for improving student learning and performance in practice. 相似文献