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Torsten T. Bauer Joachim Lorenz Klaus-Friedrich Bodmann Friedrich Vogel 《Medizinische Klinik》2005,26(13):355-360
Hintergrund:
Die nosokomiale Pneumonie gehört zu den häufigsten nosokomialen Infektionen und ist die häufigste auf der Intensivstation. Die nosokomiale Pneumonie ist mit einer signifikanten Mortalität und Morbidität assoziiert, und ihr Auftreten verschlechtert die Prognose des Patienten deutlich. Nach der Definition der DRGs auch im deutschen Krankenhaussystem ist die nosokomiale Pneumonie überwiegend Sache des Krankenhauses und kann somit nicht nur das Ergebnis der Patientenbehandlung, sondern auch das finanzielle Ergebnis des Krankenhauses beeinträchtigen. 相似文献4.
Dimmeler Stefanie; Tonn Torsten; Seeger Florian; Zeiher Andreas M. 《European heart journal》2007,28(17):2175
It obviously escaped the notion of Egeland and Brinchman thatthe protocols additionally differ with regard to the washingsteps and buffer components used in the 相似文献
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Hans Rommelspacher Lutz G. Schmidt Torsten May 《Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research》1991,15(3):553-559
Based on the hypothesis that condensation products of neurotransmitters with aldehydes are involved in the pathogenesis of alcoholism, aromatic beta-carbolines (norharman and harman) were measured in the blood plasma of alcoholics and nonalcoholics. The identity of the extracted compounds was confirmed by various elution conditions of the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), newly developed radioreceptor assays, and the mass spectrum of norharman. The levels of norharman and harman in nonalcoholics were unchanged after a load with ethanol (1 g/kg body weight). The norharman levels of the alcoholics were significantly higher than that of the nonalcoholic controls (99.5 +/- 26.6 pg/ml vs. 26.9 +/- 10.7 pg/ml; p less than 0.001) and did not change significantly during a 3-week detoxication period. In the subgroup of alcoholics with delirium or hallucinosis, a slight increase of norharman during detoxication could be detected while in alcoholics with vegetative withdrawal symptoms norharman levels dropped slightly over time (p = 0.07). No difference was found with respect to harman between nonalcoholics and alcoholics. These results suggest disturbed regulatory processes in the formation and/or metabolism of norharman in alcoholics. Further investigations are needed to reveal a possible marker function of norharman in alcoholic patients. 相似文献
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Reinheimer TM 《BMC pregnancy and childbirth》2007,7(Z1):S15
Background
Preterm labour (PTL) is a major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, and oxytocin (OT) antagonists are potential tocolytics. Atosiban (TRACTOCILE) is a mixed vasopressin V1A/OT antagonist registered for acute treatment of PTL in Europe. Other off-label drugs have serious side effects. Barusiban is a selective OT antagonist which has reached clinical development. A monkey model with OT-induced PTL was developed to compare barusiban and atosiban. In addition, the feasibility for long-term treatment of PTL with barusiban was explored.Methods
Conscious pregnant cynomolgus monkeys were monitored for intrauterine pressure (IUP). A sensor for IUP was implanted into the amniotic cavity, and biopotential sensors for electromyogram were attached to the uterus. For short-term experiments, individual low-dose OT infusions induced stable submaximal uterine contractions. Barusiban and atosiban were administered either as intravenous bolus or infusion at high or low doses. For long-term treatment, low-dose OT was infused daily for 3–6 hours to mimic PTL. In addition, continuous high-dose infusions of barusiban (150 μg kg-1 h-1) or fenoterol (3 μg kg-1 h-1) were administered.Results
Contractions of 15–40 mmHg were induced with individual OT infusions at 5–90 mU kg-1 h-1, and no OT-related desensitization occurred. Correlation was demonstrated between electromyograms and IUP curves. Barusiban was well tolerated and its potency was 4 times higher than atosiban's. Barusiban and atosiban demonstrated >95% efficacy. However, barusiban's duration of action was >13 hours (atosiban's 1–3 hours) and reversible with high-dose OT in emergency situations. OT control and fenoterol-treated monkeys delivered preterm (ca. day 154) and showed an increase in overall IUP. Barusiban-treated animals delivered normally following end of treatment (ca. day 163).Conclusion
The presented telemetry model provides an excellent method to evaluate PTL drug candidates. OT induced stable repetitive contractions and no desensitisation. Barusiban and atosiban demonstrated high efficacy and rapid onset of action. Barusiban, a selective OT antagonist has higher potency and prolonged duration of action than atosiban. Barusiban effectively suppressed IUP during daily OT-challenges, delayed labour, and prolonged monkeys' pregnancy till term.8.
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Jürgen Vogt Torsten Schwarz Daniel Gras Johannes Sperzel Philippe Ritter Willem de Voogt Jean-Pierre Cebron Martin Seifert Bruce Tockman Bernd Schubert Eric Johnson Annette Doelger Thierry Pochet Elisabeth Mouton Christian Butter 《Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology》2007,19(1):61-68
Introduction Failure to enter the coronary sinus (CS) with a guiding catheter and entering its tributaries remains challenging in left
ventricle (LV) pacing lead implants for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). A dual telescoping catheter system (8F outer/6F
inner) is designed to provide the ability to adjust the catheter curve size, shape and/or reach to the patients’ anatomy avoiding
the need for catheter change.
Methods Five different designs for CS cannulation were randomly tested in 64 patients scheduled for CRT device implant.
Results In 33 consecutive patients three adaptable telescoping guiding catheter systems were tested per patient, the adaptable catheters
had higher overall cannulation success rates (68, 63 and 62%) compared to the fixed shape catheter (46%) and an greater cannulation
success rate when the CS location was not known (70, 53 and 72% vs 33% for the fixed shape). In a second group of 31 CRT patients
the two telescoping catheters had similar high levels of success (71–80%), with or without using the inner catheter.
Conclusions The telescopic system is adaptable to a wide range of anatomical variations in patients and can result in a higher CS cannulation
success rate due to its adjustability in the RA in search for the CS ostium. On top of this the inner catheter allows for
sub-selecting the CS tributaries. 相似文献