全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7616篇 |
免费 | 484篇 |
国内免费 | 24篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 70篇 |
儿科学 | 298篇 |
妇产科学 | 214篇 |
基础医学 | 997篇 |
口腔科学 | 159篇 |
临床医学 | 811篇 |
内科学 | 1560篇 |
皮肤病学 | 261篇 |
神经病学 | 707篇 |
特种医学 | 164篇 |
外国民族医学 | 2篇 |
外科学 | 975篇 |
综合类 | 83篇 |
一般理论 | 4篇 |
预防医学 | 660篇 |
眼科学 | 167篇 |
药学 | 482篇 |
中国医学 | 6篇 |
肿瘤学 | 504篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 66篇 |
2022年 | 38篇 |
2021年 | 223篇 |
2020年 | 163篇 |
2019年 | 188篇 |
2018年 | 254篇 |
2017年 | 209篇 |
2016年 | 206篇 |
2015年 | 184篇 |
2014年 | 292篇 |
2013年 | 421篇 |
2012年 | 506篇 |
2011年 | 525篇 |
2010年 | 260篇 |
2009年 | 209篇 |
2008年 | 390篇 |
2007年 | 459篇 |
2006年 | 367篇 |
2005年 | 410篇 |
2004年 | 317篇 |
2003年 | 280篇 |
2002年 | 249篇 |
2001年 | 109篇 |
2000年 | 114篇 |
1999年 | 126篇 |
1998年 | 63篇 |
1997年 | 55篇 |
1996年 | 55篇 |
1995年 | 36篇 |
1994年 | 47篇 |
1993年 | 42篇 |
1992年 | 81篇 |
1991年 | 85篇 |
1990年 | 70篇 |
1989年 | 86篇 |
1988年 | 100篇 |
1987年 | 85篇 |
1986年 | 75篇 |
1985年 | 72篇 |
1984年 | 62篇 |
1983年 | 57篇 |
1982年 | 36篇 |
1981年 | 38篇 |
1980年 | 34篇 |
1979年 | 48篇 |
1978年 | 42篇 |
1977年 | 37篇 |
1975年 | 28篇 |
1973年 | 30篇 |
1971年 | 28篇 |
排序方式: 共有8124条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Cough and paradoxical vocal fold motion 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Kenneth W. Altman MD PhD C. Blake Simpson MD Milan R. Amin MD Mona Abaza MD Ron Balkissoon MD Roy R. Casiano MD 《Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery》2002,127(6):501-511
OBJECTIVES: The differential diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic cough, paradoxical vocal fold motion, and disordered breathing can be a challenge to most practicing otolaryngologists. Tracheobronchial (ie, asthma, bronchitis, and tracheal stenosis), laryngeal (ie, vocal fold paralysis and neoplasms), and rhinologic (ie, allergies and rhinosinusitis) etiologies are commonly diagnosed and treated effectively. However, occasionally one is faced with patients who are refractory to medical treatment and have no obvious rhinologic, laryngeal or pulmonary cause. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We conducted a review of the literature. METHODS: We present a thorough review of the current medical literature exploring the complex neurologic mechanisms involved in the production of cough and the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease, vagal neurapathy, and paradoxical vocal fold motion. RESULTS: The diagnosis and successful treatment of chronic cough can be complex. It requires a thorough understanding of the neurologic mechanisms behind cough excitation and suppression. Successful treatment strategies include aggressive management of the patient's reactive airway disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and, in select cases, paradoxical vocal fold motion. This may involve a well-coordinated effort among pulmonologists, otolaryngologists, gastroenterologists, and speech pathologists. CONCLUSION: Gastroesophageal reflux disease, vagal neuropathy, and paradoxical vocal fold motion are additional causes of chronic cough and disordered breathing that need to be considered, in the absence of obvious laryngotracheal and/or rhinologic pathology. A high index of suspicion is essential in making the diagnosis and formulating an effective multidisciplinary treatment plan for these patients. 相似文献
8.
Enyioma N OBINECHE Michael PT GILLETT Abdishakur ABDULLE Mustapha SULAIMAN Mona AL-ROKHAIMI 《Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)》2002,7(3):115-120
SUMMARY: In patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), hyperleptinaemia has been widely reported, but the exact mechanisms leading to elevated leptin levels are unclear. Impaired renal clearance of leptin and the influence of other hormones may be important. In this study, we measured serum leptin levels in 150 patients on haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or in the predialysis phase of CRF. Furthermore, we measured plasma levels of insulin, growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), as well as plasma levels of triacylglycerols and total low density lipoprotein (LDL)- and high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. We observed significantly elevated levels of leptin, particularly in female patients, and leptin was shown to correlate significantly with insulin, total and LDL-cholesterol and log triacylglycerols. Leptin was inversely correlated with GH concentrations, but was not correlated with IGF-1 levels. Despite the multiple correlations established between leptin levels and other variables, only hyperinsulinaemia in CRF seems to be important as a determinator of leptin levels. 相似文献
9.
10.
The aim of the present study was to investigate if distant effects could be detected within the central nervous system after impact of a high-energy missile in the left thigh of young pigs. Pressure transducers implanted in various parts of the body of the animal, including the brain, recorded a short-lasting burst of oscillating pressure waves with high frequencies and large amplitudes, traversing the body tissue with a velocity of about that of sound in water (1,460 m/s). The distance between the point of impact and the brain and cervical spinal cord is in the range of 0.5 m. Macroscopic examination revealed that there was no gross brain tissue disruption or visible blood-brain barrier dysfunction. Light microscopic examination demonstrated myelin invaginations in the largest axons and shrinkage of axoplasm. Electron microscopic examination revealed a reduction in the number of microtubules, especially in the larger axons in the brainstem. Disintegration of Nissl substance, i.e., chromatolysis, was noticed after 48 hr in many Purkinje nerve cells in the cerebellum, concomitantly with the appearance of an increased frequency of association between lamellar bodies and mitochondria. Changes could also be observed in the cervical spinal cord and, at reduced frequency and extent, in the optic nerve and in other parts of the brain. These effects were evident within a few minutes after the trauma and persisted even 48 hr after the extremity injury. It is concluded that distant effects, likely to be caused by the oscillating high-frequency pressure waves, appear in the central nervous system after a high-energy missile extremity impact. 相似文献