Right atrial aneurysm: case report.

We report the case of a 49-year-old patient, with recent onset of fatigue, who was diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, which was cardioverted electrically. A diagnosis of right atrial aneurysm, with no other cardiac pathology, was made. An aneurysmectomy was performed. Both surgery and postoperative recovery were uneventful.     

3D Reconstruction of Tomographic Images Applied to Largely Spaced Slices

This paper presents a full reconstruction process of magnetic resonance images. The first step is to bring the acquired data from the frequency domain, using a Fast Fourier Transform algorithm. A Tomographic Image Interpolation is then used to transform a sequence of tomographic slices in an isotropic volume data set, a process also called 3D Reconstruction. This work describes an automatic method whose interpolation stage is based on a previous matching stage using Delaunay Triangulation. The reconstruction approach uses an extrapolation procedure that permits appropriate treatment of the boundaries of the object under analysis.     

Functional uncoupling of hemodynamic from neuronal response by inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase.

The cerebrovascular coupling under neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibition was investigated in alpha-chloralose anesthetized rats. Cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), and blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) responses to electrical stimulation of the forepaw were measured before and after an intraperitoneal bolus of 7-nitroindazole (7-NI), an in vivo inhibitor of the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase. Neuronal activity was measured by recording somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs) via intracranial electrodes. 7-Nitroindazole produced a significant attenuation of the activation-elicited CBF (P<10(-6)), CBV (P<10(-6)), and BOLD responses (P<10(-6)), without affecting the baseline perfusion level. The average DeltaCBF was nulled, while DeltaBOLD and DeltaCBV decreased to approximately 30% of their respective amplitudes before 7-NI administration. The average SEP amplitude decreased (P<10(-5)) to approximately 60% of its pretreatment value. These data describe a pharmacologically induced uncoupling between neuronal and hemodynamic responses to functional activation, and provide further support for the critical role of neuronally produced NO in the cerebrovascular coupling.     

Lutzomyia longipalpis salivary gland homogenate impairs cytokine production and costimulatory molecule expression on human monocytes and dendritic cells

In this report, we describe an investigation of the effects of Lutzomyia longipalpis sand fly salivary gland homogenates (SGH) on cytokine production and expression of costimulatory molecules on human monocytes, macrophages (Ms), and dendritic cells (DCs). SGH of L. longipalpis induced an increase in interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 and IL-12p40 production but a decrease in tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-10 production by lipopolysaccharida (LPS)-stimulated monocytes. We also examined the expression of costimulatory molecules on the surface of monocytes, Ms, and DCs. Whereas SGH affected the expression of these molecules on monocytes and Ms, it had little effect on these molecules on DCs. However, when DCs were generated from human monocytes in the presence of SGH, SGH inhibited the expression of costimulatory molecules. In addition, a decrease in the maturation of DCs induced by CD40L was observed in the presence of SGH. Finally, preincubating SGH with human sera containing anti-SGH-specific antibodies abolished the effects of SGH on cytokine production by LPS-stimulated monocytes.