腹膜透析液(乳酸盐-G1.5%)中钠盐鉴别方法的研究

目的:建立腹膜透析液(乳酸盐)存在钙盐干扰的情况下钠盐鉴别的方法,并通过对钙盐鉴别铂丝燃烧法阈值浓度的研究,确认该方法的可行性。方法:采用铂丝燃烧法,对本品进行鉴别操作。结果:当钙盐浓度低于5.20 g·L^-1时,铂丝燃烧为无色火焰,而本品中钙盐浓度仅为0.26 g·L^-1,因此采用铂丝燃烧法鉴别本品中钠盐时,钙盐对其不存在干扰。结论:方法便于操作且现象明显。     

小容量注射剂卡式瓶包装生产工艺研究

小容量注射剂的卡式瓶包装有别于传统的安瓿瓶包装形式,这种区别不仅表现在包装材料有着质的区别而且也表现在生产工艺过程及其质量控制也存在有明显的区别.     

关节镜下内固定关节融合术对晚期踝关节炎患者的疗效及AOFAS 和VAS 评分的影响

目的探讨关节镜下内固定关节融合术对晚期踝关节炎患者的疗效及美国矫形足踝协会评分系统(AOFAS)和疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)的影响。方法选取该院2012年1月-2015年1月收治的晚期踝关节炎患者84例,采用前瞻性研究的方法将研究对象随机分为实验组(42例)及对照组(42例),对照组患者采用传统开放性踝关节融合术,实验组在关节镜辅助下行内固定关节融合术。比较患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间和并发症发生率,同时随访12~36个月,采用AOFAS评分系统评估疗效,采用VAS评估患者踝关节疼痛程度。结果实验组的手术时间、术中出血量明显少于对照组(P0.05);两组患者术后情况对比,实验组术后住院时间及关节融合时间均少于对照组(P0.05);随访1年结果显示:实验组VAS及AOFAS评分均优于对照组(P0.05),实验组并发症发生率(9.52%)明显低于对照组(28.57%)(P0.05)。结论关节镜下内固定关节融合术手术时间短、术中出血量少、并发症发生率低,术后愈合率高,远期随访疗效确切,适合在临床推广使用。     

全膝关节表面置换术经典切口与改良切口术后切口外侧皮肤麻木的临床研究

目的 通过比较两种不同手术切口对全膝关节表面置换术(TKA)术后外侧皮肤麻木的影响，为减少TKA术后切口外侧皮肤麻木提供参考，同时对麻木产生的原因做出诊断。方法 选取2021年1月至2021年9月于河北大学附属医院行初次膝关节置换术患者105名，随机分为A、B两组，采用不同手术切口，测量患者术后2周、1月、3月、6月、1年的皮肤麻木面积及麻木发生率，比较两种手术切口术后膝关节切口外侧皮肤麻木的差异。结果 改良手术切口术后皮肤麻木发生率小于经典手术切口，具有统计学意义(P<0.05);改良手术切口术后皮肤麻木面积小于经典手术切口(P<0.001);随时间变化，麻木面积总体呈现递减趋势，部分患者切口外侧麻木可完全恢复。结论 改良手术切口较经典手术切口术后切口外侧麻木发生率更小；改良手术切口较经典手术切口对于减少膝关节表面置换术后皮肤麻木发生率及麻木面积有积极的意义；TKA术后切口外侧皮肤麻木可诊断为隐神经髌下支损伤。     

钴合金椎弓根螺钉植入修复脊柱结核重度后凸畸形：自身对照临床试验方案

BACKGROUND: There is evidence that internal fixation through an anterior or posterior approach for treatment of severe kyphotic deformity in spinal tuberculosis exhibits good curative effects. However, few prospective, long-term follow-up case control studies are reported.     

比较不同方式置入椎弓根钉内固定修复胸腰椎爆裂骨折的生物相容性

BACKGROUND: During the repair of thoracolumbar fracture, pedicle screw fixation is a commonly used treatment method. In the process of fixation, the different approaches can be used.  OBJECTIVE: To compare effect and biocompatibility of pedicle screw by percutaneous approach, posterior median approach, and intervertebral space approach for thoracolumbar fracture.  METHODS: 118 cases of thoracolumbar fracture were included after pedicle screw fixation. All patients were divided into three groups according to the approach: posterior median approach group (38 cases), intervertebral space approach group (40 cases) and percutaneous approach group (40 cases). After 12 months of follow-up, perioperative conditions, pain score, vertebral height of anterior border, kyphosis correction effect, adverse events and biological compatibility were compared among three groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Operation time, intraoperative bleeding and time in bed after surgery were shorter or less in the percutaneous approach and intervertebral space approach groups than in the posterior median approach group. Postoperative drainage was better in percutaneous approach and intervertebral space approach groups than in the posterior median approach group (all P < 0.05). Except drainage in the percutaneous approach and intervertebral space approach groups, no significant difference in other indicators was found. (2) Patients received imaging examination at different time points. The percentage of anterior vertebral height and kyphosis were significantly improved immediately after treatment and in final follow-up (all P < 0.05). No significant difference was detected before treatment, immediately after treatment and in final follow-up. (3) Visual Analogue score was identical before treatment. Visual analogue score was lower in the percutaneous approach and intervertebral space approach groups than in the posterior median approach group at 24 hours and 3 days after treatment and in final follow-up (all P < 0.05). No significant difference was detectable at 24 hours and 3 days after treatment and in final follow-up between the percutaneous approach and intervertebral space approach groups. (4) No rejection or wound non-healing was seen at 12 months after treatment. Some patients suffered from mild low back pain, which was improved by active symptomatic treatment. (5) These findings suggest that intervertebral space approach percutaneous approach obtained satisfactory outcomes compared with posterior median approach for treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures, and good biocompatibility was found.        

卡式瓶活塞密封性和滑动性研究

卡式瓶包装作为小容量注射剂新的包装形式,有别于传统的安瓿瓶包装形式,其活塞的密封性和滑动性将直接影响产品生产工艺、成品率和在有效期内的产品质量,所以在用卡式瓶包装小容量注射剂的生产之前首先要解决好活塞的密封性和滑动性问题。     

河北省承德市齿龈内阿米巴感染的调查分析

齿龈内阿米巴(Entamoeba gingivalis Eg)是寄生于人及许多哺乳类动物口腔内牙龈组织的共栖型口腔原虫,自Gross(1849)发现口腔有E.g,至今已有150年。长期以来,许多学者认为它是共栖型无致病性原虫,但随着大量流行病学调查显示牙周病患者齿龈内阿米巴的感染率明显高于健康人群。近年来,国内15个城市调查报告平均感染率47.247%[1],也有研究人员通过动物实验证实E.g可致牙周病[2]。为了解承德地区人群口腔齿龈内阿米巴感染情况,对口腔医院门诊病人和部分社区居民进行了调查,现报道如下。1调查对象与方法1.1调查对象对调查对象分组,Ⅰ组随机抽取承德市口腔医院门诊病人220人,年龄18~65岁;Ⅱ组随机抽取新兴街社区居民150人,年龄19~66岁;Ⅲ组随机抽取承德油专社区130人,年龄19~65岁。1.2取材和方法生理盐水一滴置于无菌载玻片上,用无菌牙签从龋齿内、牙龈袋、牙垢、炎症边缘取样,在生理盐水中涂均,加盖玻片,镜检。1.3问卷调查自制表格,对调查对象年龄、性别、文化程度、口腔疾病史、刷牙习惯及口腔卫生等情况进行问卷调查。根据所收集的资料进行统计学分析。2调查结果2.1三组人群齿龈内...     

注射剂卡式瓶包装的发展趋势

安瓿瓶作为注射剂的内包材,存在有许多难以避免的缺陷,这些缺陷将对人体造成不安全注射,由于没有很好的换代产品,几十年来一直沿用着,但随着人类对健康需求的日益重视,安瓿瓶的缺陷也越显突出.近年来卡式瓶的出现较好地解决了安瓿瓶作为注射剂内包材的缺陷,可以代替安瓿瓶作为注射剂的内包材.     

病椎间固定在脊柱结核患者治疗中的应用价值

[目的]探讨病椎固定在脊柱结核患者治疗中的疗效.[方法]回顾性分析本院2009年1月到2014牟12月收治的脊柱结核患者84例,根据患者意愿分为两组.病椎间组:38例,固定在病变累及的单个神经单元中完成;超病椎间组:46例,采用长、短节段内固定,范围超出病灶外2个运动神经单元.比较两组患者的术中出血量、手术时间及术前、术后血沉(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、视觉模拟(VAS)评分及Frankel分级、Cobb角.[结果]病椎间组术中出血量及手术时间均优于超病椎间组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组患者ESR、CRP术后6个月均降低至正常水平,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);病椎间组与超病椎间组末次随访时VAS评分较术前均下降,且低于超病椎间组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组患者Frankel功能分级较术前均明显恢复;两组患者末次随访时Cobb角均小于术前Cobb角.但两组间术前、术后、末次随访、矫正度数及丢失度数比较差异无统计学意义.[结论]病椎固定治疗脊柱结核是安全、有效的,能有效保留与病椎相邻正常运动神经单元,并有术中出血少、手术时间短的优势,值得临床推广应用.