基于SSR标记与化学成分构建十堰地区天师栗核心种质库＊

目的 利用筛选出十堰的天师栗中高多态性SSR位点评价天师栗种质资源的遗传多样性，结合有效药用成分含量，构建十堰地区天师栗核心种质库。方法 收集十堰地区114份天师栗种质资源，以七叶树基因组为参考，采用荧光毛细管电泳筛选出高多态性SSR位点，对天师栗种质资源进行遗传多样性分析。利用HPLC测定不同种质干燥娑罗子中七叶皂苷的含量。采用最小距离逐步聚类取样策略（LDSS），根据遗传多样性保留程度初步筛选出核心种质，并对该核心种质与原始种质的遗传多样性参数进行T检验，选择与原种质差异不显著的核心种质为最佳核心种质。结果 筛选出13对高多态性SSR分子标记，遗传多样性评价结果表明十堰地区天师栗种质资源遗传多样性较高，遗传分化较小，存在着较大的基因流，114份种质资源未分为不同的亚群，周家坝和辽叶居群间具有较近的遗传亲缘关系，且周家坝居群娑罗子中的七叶皂苷A及七叶皂苷B含量普遍较高。最终筛选出的核心种质共23份，占总种质资源的20.17%，其中周家坝12份样本、辽叶6份样本、普龄5份样本。结论 将SSR分子标记与主要有效药用成分结合，采用LDSS取样策略构建十堰地区天师栗种质资源核心种质库的方法具有可行性，能够有效的保存与管理天师栗种质资源，也为当地天师栗品种改良、新品种选育研究等提供了研究基础。     

The effects of curcumin supplementation on body mass index,body weight,and waist circumference in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and dose–response meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of liver‐related morbidity; its prevalence is elevating due to the rising epidemic of obesity. Several clinical trials have examined the effects of curcumin supplementation on anthropometric variables in NAFLD patients with inconclusive results. This dose–response meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of curcumin supplementation on body mass index (BMI), body weight, and waist circumference (WC) in patients with NAFLD. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Sid.ir, and Magiran.com to identify eligible studies up to March 2019. A meta‐analysis of eligible studies was performed using the random‐effects model to estimate the pooled effect size. Eight randomized controlled trials with 520 participants (curcumin group = 265 and placebo group = 255) were included. Supplementation dose and duration ranged from 70 to 3,000 mg/day and 8 to 12 weeks, respectively. Curcumin supplementation significantly reduced BMI (weighted mean difference [WMD] = ?0.34 kg/m², 95% CI [?0.64, ?0.04], p < .05) and WC (WMD = ?2.12 cm, 95% CI [?3.26, ?0.98], p < .001). However, no significant effects of curcumin supplementation on body weight were found. These results suggest that curcumin supplementation might have a positive effect on visceral fat and abdominal obesity that have been associated with NAFLD.     

清胰汤和姜黄素调整肠道微生态对重症急性胰腺炎的治疗机制

摘要： 目的 探讨清胰汤和姜黄素调整肠道微生态治疗重症急性胰腺炎 （SAP） 的机制。方法 40只SPF级健康 Wistar大鼠, 按照随机数字法分为4组, 对照组、 模型组、 清胰汤组、 姜黄素组, 每组10只。通过注射牛磺胆酸钠 （Na- Fc）, 诱发大鼠形成SAP模型, 建模前清胰汤组、 姜黄素组分别用相应中药汤剂灌胃1周。采用苏木素-伊红 （HE） 染色法观察结肠和胰腺组织病理变化, 收集大鼠盲肠段粪便, 16S rDNA测序技术分析4组大鼠肠道微生物菌群的变化。结果 病理结果显示, 模型组肠组织表现为肠壁水肿, 肠黏膜上皮缺损、 脱落等, 上皮下间质空隙变宽, 大量的中性粒细胞 （PMN） 等炎性细胞浸润等; 胰腺组织表现为胰腺腺泡水肿、 坏死, 叶间隔增宽, 大量的PMN等炎性细胞浸润等, 而中药清胰汤和姜黄素组可减轻模型组中的胰腺损伤和肠黏膜受损程度 （P＜0.05）。肠道菌群微生态结果显示清胰汤或 （和） 姜黄素组可有效降低SAP大鼠厚壁菌门 （包括梭菌纲、 芽孢杆菌纲）、 毛螺菌属数量菌群含量, 升高拟杆菌门 （包括拟杆菌纲、 拟杆菌属） 和乳酸杆菌属含量。结论 中药清胰汤和姜黄素可增加SAP大鼠的肠道菌群的多样性和丰富性, 调控微生物生态平衡, 增加益生菌群的含量, 降低有害菌群的定植能力, 从而达到对肠道的保护作用。     

莪术油对卵巢癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑制作用及其联合顺铂的协同作用研究

目的 探讨莪术油对卵巢癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑制作用,并探讨其与顺铂联合的协同作用。方法 建立卵巢癌细胞株HO-8910PM荷瘤裸鼠模型,随机分为模型对照组、莪术油组、顺铂组和联合给药组（莪术油+顺铂）4组,每组6只,分别腹腔注射莪术油（300 mg·kg^-1）、顺铂（2 mg·kg^-1）、莪术油联合顺铂（300 mg·kg^-1+2 mg·kg^-1）以及空白对照液（0.4 mL生理盐水）,给药3周后处死小鼠并测瘤体积变化,计算肿瘤生长抑制率,免疫组化检测各组肿瘤组织中NM23、TNF-α、VEGF、NF-KBP65、PCNA的蛋白表达。ELISA检测裸鼠血清中IL-2、IFN-γ水平。结果 与模型对照组比较,莪术油、顺铂及其联合给药后均能显著抑制裸鼠肿瘤体积的增长（P<0.05或P<0.01）,且联合给药的抑瘤率（55.06%）要高于莪术油（20.5%）和顺铂（52.52%）单独给药。免疫组化检测结果显示各组药物治疗后,能显著降低裸鼠肿瘤组织中NM23、TNF-α、VEGF、NF-KBP65、PCNA的阳性表达（P<0.05或P<0.01）,且降低程度从低到高依次为莪术油组、顺铂组、联合给药组。ELISA检测结果也表明顺铂以及莪术油联合顺铂给药3周后能显著提高裸鼠血清IL-2、IFN-γ水平（P<0.01）,且含量上升程度由低到高依次为莪术油组、顺铂组、联合给药组。结论 莪术油能够抑制卵巢癌荷瘤裸鼠移植瘤的增长,具有一定的抗肿瘤效果,其机制可能与调节肿瘤生长因子NM23、TNF-α、VEGF、NF-KBP65、PCNA及免疫相关因子IL-2、IFN-γ的表达有关。莪术油联合顺铂用药对卵巢癌肿瘤的抑制具有潜在的协同作用,但还需更深入实验研究。     

益妇灵胶囊中挥发油β-环糊精包合工艺的研究

目的考察益妇灵胶囊中莪术挥发油的包合方法,优选最佳的包合工艺。方法通过比较不同的包合方法,以莪术油的包合率为指标,确定包合方法和最佳包合工艺参数。结果胶体磨法较饱和水溶液法好,胶体磨法最佳的包合工艺为：油：β-环糊精=1：8,研磨15min,挥发油：95％乙醇=1：1,莪术油的包合率为82％。结论所确定的工艺挥发油的包合率高,操作简单、时间短,耗能低,适合工业化大生产。     

Curcuma zedoaria Rosc. (white turmeric): a review of its chemical,pharmacological and ethnomedicinal properties

Objectives Curcuma zedoaria Rosc is a perennial herb found in tropical countries, such as India, Japan and Thailand. Various parts of this plant are used in Ayurveda and other folk medicines for the treatment of different ailments such as diarrhoea, cancer, flatulence and dyspepsia. This study is an attempt to compile an up‐to‐date and comprehensive review of C. zedoaria that covers its traditional and folk medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. Key findings Research carried out using different in‐vitro and in‐vivo techniques of biological evaluation supports most of the claims. Summary This review presents the botany, chemistry, traditional uses and pharmacological data of the plant.     

Curcumin and its analogues: Potential anticancer agents

This review chronicles the exploration of the curcumin in terms of development of analogues for the anticancer activity over the last century. Curcumin is a natural phytochemical obtained from dried root and rhizome of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa). It has been shown to interfere with multiple cell signaling pathways, including apoptosis (activation of caspases and downregulation of antiapoptotic gene products), proliferation (HER‐2, EGFR, and AP‐1), angiogenesis (VEGF), and inflammation (NF‐κB, TNF, IL‐6, IL‐1, COX‐2, and 5‐LOX). In the last decade it has been much explored and various synthetic analogues have been prepared and evaluated for various pharmacological activities. Most of the analogues have shown very good anticancer activity in various models and various cell lines. However, some analogues have also shown antioxidant, anti‐HIV, antimutagenic, antiangiogenic, antimalarial, antitubercular, antiandrogenic, COX inhibitory activities. Few analogues have shown very potent results and may be considered as clinical candidates for the development of future anticancer agent. This review contains 728 curcumin analogues and covers the literature from 1815 to mid 2009 and 93 references are cited. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 30, No. 5, 818–860, 2010     

Increase in Plasma Concentrations of Geranylgeranoic Acid after Turmeric Tablet Intake by Healthy Volunteers

Geranylgeranoic acid (GGA) is one of the most potent cancer-preventive acyclic retinoids. GGA has been shown to induce cell death in human hepatoma-derived HuH-7 cells. We have recently reported the natural occurrence of GGA and its related compounds in several medicinal herbs such as turmeric, basil, rosehip, cinnamon and others [Shidoji and Ogawa, J. Lipid Res., 45: 1092–1103, 2004]. In the present study, we performed oral administration of turmeric tablets to healthy volunteers in order to investigate bioavailability of natural GGA. By using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, authentic GGA was eluted at a retention time of around 18 min as a negative ion of m/z 303.4. With healthy volunteers, plasma GGA was detected prior to the tablet intake and its concentrations were increased at 2 h after its intake and maintained at higher level until 4 h, suggesting an efficient bioavailability of preformed GGA in the turmeric tablets through oral administration. These results indicated that GGA in the turmeric tablet was absorbed as an intact form from intestinal mucosa. The present study provides a clue to conduct a research for cancer preventive roles of GGA in a number of spices.     

3种方案治疗外阴阴道念珠菌病305例疗效观察

目的:观察并评价3种方案治疗外阴阴道念珠菌病的疗效。方法:采用随机对照研究方法,将外阴阴道念珠菌病患者随机分组,A组(100例):顿服氟康唑150mg,同时0.5g/L碘附液擦拭阴道外阴后,阴道内喷洒制霉素粉(制霉素片与葡萄糖粉按1:2.5制成粉末),连用7d;B组(100例):0.5g/L碘附液擦拭阴道外阴后,阴道内喷洒制霉素粉,连用7d;C组(105例):顿服氟康唑150mg,同时每晚阴道放置复方莪术油栓1枚,连用7d。观察3组疗效及副反应。结果:A、B两组临床症状体征很快改善,停药7～14d、1个月和2个月复诊,A组临床有效率分别为95.00%、94.00%、93.00%,真菌转阴率分别为98.00%、95.00%、94.00%;B组临床有效率分别为94.00%、82.00%、81.00%,真菌转阴率分别为97.00%、90.00%、82.00%;C组临床有效率分别为94.29%、91.42%、90.48%,真菌转阴率分别为95.24%、94.29%、91.43%。停药1、2个月复诊B组的临床有效率较低,与A组、C组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:3种方案治疗外阴阴道念珠菌病均有效;患者自觉症状改善情况在医院用药优于自己用药;阴道用药联合口服用药远期临床有效率高于单纯阴道用药。