聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞刺激因子致白细胞增多的国内外文献分析

目的:分析聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞刺激因子致白细胞增多的临床情况及特点,为临床实践提供依据及建议。方法:采用文献回顾性研究方法,对聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞刺激因子致白细胞增多患者的临床资料进行统计分析。结果:共纳入文献13篇,涉及患者545例次。聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞刺激因子致白细胞增多时,用药剂量以固定剂量6mg为主,兼有30,60,100,150,200μg·kg-1或固定剂量12mg,用药途径为皮下注射,不良反应发生于给药后1～11d,WBC范围为(10～230)×109·L-1。多数患者不用特殊处理,有3例需要处理的手段包括水化、血浆分离术等。结论:临床应用聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞刺激因子时应加强用药监测,以避免和减少白细胞过高的发生。     

Brugada electrocardiographic pattern induced during febrile state with marked leukocytosis

Several agents and conditions have been reported to unmask or accentuate the electrocardiographic pattern of Brugada syndrome including fever. At a molecular level, sodium channels have been showed to be temperature dependent. Herein, we describe a case of Brugada electrocardiographic pattern unmasked during febrile state and marked leukocytosis.     

Unusual manifestations of henoch-schonlein purpura

Henoch schonlein syndrome (HSP) represents a diagnostic challenge when gastrointestinal symptoms or other atypical symptoms precede the cutaneous manifestations. We describe two patients whose abdominal symptoms antedated cutaneous manifestations. Six-year-old, black male patient, presented with 1 wk history of vomiting (without diarrhea or urinary symptoms), hypertension (140/90 mmHg), diffuse abdominal pain and hypoactive bowel sounds:. WBC’s 40,000/Cu mm³ with 80 percent hypoproteinemia, (albumin 1.6 G%), high plasma renin and stools positive for occult blood. Renal function and urinalysis was normal. Two weeks later patient developed urticarial purpuric rash over the ankles, gross hematuria and gross edema. Biopsy of the skin lesion was consistent with HSP vasculitis. Second patient 4 yr Brazilian male patient presented with abdominalpain, vomiting, blood in the stools, and pain in the right testis. Three days later, developed purpuric rash over his limbs and trunk. He also had hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, leukocytosis and normal urine analysis. Abdominal pain, bloody stools, painful testicular swelling and hypoproteinemia abated with steroid therapy. In HSP patients, atypical presentation of abdominal pain, hypertension, hypoproteinemia without proteinuria testicular swelling and leucocytosis in the absence of cutaneous and joint manifestations poses as diagnostic problem. Protein-losing enteropathy should be considered in HSP patients with hypoproteinemia.     

三氧化二砷治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病过程中高白细胞血症和维甲酸综合征的特点

目的:为明确三氧化二砷(亚砷酸,ATO)在初治和全反式维甲酸(all trans retinoicacid,AT RA)治疗后复发的急性早幼粒细胞白血病(acute promyelocyticleukemia,APL)的诱导缓解时,引起高白细胞血症(leukocytosis)和维甲酸综合征(reti noicacidsyndrome,RAS)的发生规律。方法:初治和复发的APL共30例,ATO10mg/d进行诱导缓解治疗。结果:30例患者中23例(77%)达到完全缓解,达到缓解平均时间37.1d。发生高白细胞血症有14例(47%),出现高白细胞血症平均时间为12.9d,发生高白细胞血症患者的白细胞平均基础值为3.1×109L-1,未发生高白细胞血症患者的白细胞平均基础值为2.6×109L-1,两者差异有统计学意义,z=-2.635,P=0.008,所有患者均未采用细胞毒药物治疗,白细胞均恢复至正常水平。RAS有9例(30%),发生RAS的平均时间为13.9d,发生RAS患者的白细胞平均基础值为3.6×109L-1,未发生RAS患者的白细胞平均基础值为2.6×109L-1,z=-1.909,P=0.046,无1例因RAS死亡。结论:ATO对初治和复发的APL诱导缓解安全有效,ATO诱导APL缓解时引起的高白细胞血症及RAS与白细胞基础水平有关,在诱导缓解过程中发生的RAS与高白细胞血症有一定相关性。高白细胞血症可以通过继续应用ATO逐渐恢复。     

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma with paraneoplastic leukocytosis: a clinicopathological analysis of five cases

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a type of T-cell lymphoma with a relatively favorable prognosis. However, a certain group of ALCLs is highly aggressive, featuring paraneoplastic leukocytosis (PL) in clinical presentation. The present study evaluated five cases of ALCL presenting with PL, including four men and one woman, with a median age of 58 years. All cases revealed leukocytosis with a range from 15.3 to 112.9 × 10(3) /μL. Five (100%) and 4 (80%) cases demonstrated immunoreactivity for granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), respectively. There were significant differences in the expression of G-CSF and TNF-α between ALCL cases with or without PL (p < 0.05 for both). The prognosis of ALCL patients with PL was poor. Four of five patients (80%) died of the disease within a median survival time of 3.5 weeks. The release of G-CSF and TNF-α from lymphoma cells may associate with ALCL presenting with PL, leading to cytokine crisis and even poorer prognosis.     

腰蛛网膜下腔持续引流治疗术后颅内感染的研究

目的探讨腰大池穿刺持续引流对于颅脑术后颅内感染的治疗作用及适应证。方法将120例颅脑术后颅内感染病例分为两组:A组60例,采用腰大池持续引流并椎管内注射抗生素治疗,其中A1组30例,A2组30例;B组60例,每天行2次腰椎穿刺术并椎管内注射抗生素,但不持续引留,其中B1组30例,B2组30例;A1、B1组脑脊液白细胞数为500×106～10000×106/L,A2、B2组脑脊液白细胞数为20×106～500×106/L。结果在感染控制平均时间、临床症状改善时间和感染控制病例数方面,A1与B1组存在统计学差异(P<0.05),A2与B2组无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论对术后脑脊液白细胞数在500×106/L以上的颅内感染,腰大池持续引流作用显著,值得临床推广;但对脑脊液白细胞数在500×106/L以下的颅内感染,每天仅需行2次腰椎穿刺术并椎管内注射抗生素即可,无需采用腰大池持续引留。