甘肃45~69岁人群健康素养水平及影响因素

目的了解甘肃省45~69岁常住居民健康素养水平分布状况,并探索其影响因素,为中老年人制定健康教育干预策略和措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样和概率比例规模抽样(PPS)法,抽取全省87个县市区45~69岁常住居民作为调查对象,采用问卷调查法调查居民健康素养水平。问卷内容包括人口学资料与健康素养相关问题等两大类,并采用Logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果2017年甘肃省45~69岁居民健康素养具备率为6.52%;基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本健康技能3个方面健康素养具备率分别为15.59%、8.36%和8.72%;六类健康问题素养具备率由高到低依次为:科学健康观素养(29.37%)、安全与急救素养(28.94%)、健康信息素养(15.38%)、传染病防治素养(12.43%)、基本医疗素养(11.02%)和慢性病防治素养(10.53%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果提示,城乡、文化程度、职业和收入是健康素养水平的影响因素。结论甘肃省45~69岁常住居民健康素养水平较低,应加强健康教育和监测研究,并制定有效的对策和措施,提高健康素养水平。     

Epidemiological study of the end stage renal disease patients in Gansu province

Objective To investigate the clinical features and treatment of the end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients in Gansu province. Methods Based on the Chinese national renal data system, the investigation and analysis were made on the epidemiological literature of ESRD patients in 22 hospitals of Gansu from 2012 to 2013 by retrospective investigation. Results (1) In Gansu, the number of living ESRD patients was 4379, the point prevalence rate of ESRD was 169.6 per million. Their average age was (47.46±15.57) years, 30 to 59 years old patients accounted for 70.0%, and the male-female ratio was 1:1.15. The prevalence rate was higher in less-educated population and manual laborers. (2) As the leading cause of ESRD, chronic glomerulonephritis accounted for 43.0%, followed by diabetic nephropathy (31.0%), hypertensive nephropathy (11.0%) and allergic diseases (6.9%). (3) The current treatment of ESRD: 51.2% of the patients received hemodialysis, 4.4% received peritoneal dialysis, 1.1% received renal transplantation, 32.2% received no treatment, and 11.1% died. (4) The causes of patients not taking dialytic treatments: economic reasons accounted for 61.0%, lack of blood dialytic conditions accounted for 24.0%, patients ceasing treatment accounted for 3.1%, family factors accounted for 2.3%, religious reasons accounted for 1.8%, other reasons accounted for 7.8%. Conclusions The point prevalence rate of ESRD in Gansu was 169.6 per million. 30 to 59 years old patients were the main population. The major cause of ESRD was chronic glomerulonephritis, followed by diabetic nephropathy and hypertensive nephropathy. 32.2% of ESRD patients did not receive any renal replacement therapy, which was caused mainly by economic difficulties and the lack of dialytic equipments.     

甘肃省急诊护理人员心理健康状况调研及分析

目的:分析甘肃省急诊护理人员心理健康现况,探讨科学的管理和改进方法。方法:采用SCL-90量表,随机选取甘肃省30家医疗机构(包括院前医疗急救机构)的急诊护理人员,按照资料类别分为省级医院、兰州市级医院、地州级医院及县级医院4个组,进行系统全面调查,了解甘肃省急诊护理人员心理健康状况并予以统计学分析,提出合理化建议。结果:1/3的甘肃省急诊护理人员存在不同程度心理问题,尤以强迫症状突出,占到总人数的37.0%。女性的心理健康状况较男性更差,地州级医院急诊护理人员心理不良倾向更为突出。结论:甘肃省急诊护理人员心理状况堪忧,各级医院领导层和护理管理者要重视急诊护理人员的心理卫生健康状况,通过多种途径积极减轻压力,维护急诊护理人员的心理健康。     

甘肃省卫生人力资源公平性及预测研究

目的对甘肃省卫生人力资源配置现状及公平性进行分析,对2019—2023年需求数量进行预测,为甘肃省卫生人力资源发展规划提供参考建议。方法运用洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数对甘肃省卫生人力资源配置的公平性进行研究;运用时间序列模型对甘肃省2019—2023年卫生人力资源需求量进行预测。结果 2018年甘肃省所属每千人口卫生技术人员、执业(助理)医师和注册护士分别为5.2名、2.0名和1.9名。按人口配置的基尼系数均小于0.4的临界值;按地理配置的基尼系数均超过0.6,处于高度不公平状态。预测到2023年甘肃省卫生技术人员、执业(助理)医师和注册护士的人数分别为167 471人、40 534人和53 657人。结论甘肃省卫生人力资源配置的人口公平性优于地理公平性;卫生人力资源发展速度缓慢,医护比不合理,全省医疗人力资源不足;甘肃省在未来五年对卫生人力资源的需求量很大,需要进一步重视卫生人力资源的开发,扩大人才队伍建设规模。     

基于ISSR的甘肃不同产区栽培当归遗传多样性研究

目的研究甘肃不同产区栽培当归的遗传多样性。方法应用ISSR分子标记技术对甘肃省41个居群的栽培当归样本进行分析,利用Popgene 32软件分析Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)等遗传信息参数,应用Ntsys软件构建亲缘关系UPGMA聚类图。结果 8条引物共检测到154个位点,其中多态性位点119个,多态位点百分率(PPB)为77.27%。栽培当归居群间的H为0.222 9,Shannon’s多样性信息指数(I)为0.337 4,种群间基因分化系数(Gst)为0.683 9,基因流(Nm)为0.2311,遗传距离变化范围0.042 9~0.327 8。结论甘肃栽培当归遗传多样性在物种水平上较高;居群间遗传多样性水平明显高于居群内;居群间遗传分化程度大,且基本无基因交流。     

甘肃省康乐县药用植物资源初探

目的:进一步摸清甘肃省康乐县野生药用植物资源及其分布规律,分析药用植物多样性的特征,为该县中草药资源的开发利用和保护提供科学依据。方法:通过野外考察、标本采集、鉴定与资料考证相结合的方法对甘肃省康乐县药用植物资源多样性进行研究。结果:康乐县现有野生药用植物65科258种,以菊科和蔷薇科为主,其中国家级重点药用品种24科39属43种。该地野生药用植物的药用部位主要为全草类和根或根茎类,分别占40.31%和25.19%,药性主要以清热药和祛风湿药为主,分别占28.68%和12.79%。现有栽培药用植物12种,栽培面积达3 000公顷。结论:康乐县药用植物资源虽然丰富,但是多数品种蕴藏量不大,而且近年中草药资源也在逐渐减少,所以应在保护的前提下加快研究进度,进行合理开发利用。     

玉米/鹰嘴豆间作条件下不同施磷量对灌耕灰钙土无机磷组分的影响--测试文章

在甘肃引黄灌区的灌耕灰钙土区域,通过玉米/鹰嘴豆间作种植,采用蒋柏藩、顾益初石灰性土壤无机磷分级方法研究了施磷水平和间作种植方式对玉米、鹰嘴豆土壤无机磷素形态的影响。结果表明：研究区各无机磷形态含量顺序为O-P＞Ca₁₀-P＞Ca₈-P＞Al-P＞Fe-P＞Ca₂-P,施磷能够显著提高玉米和鹰嘴豆土壤中Ca₂-P、Ca₈-P、Al-P和Fe-P的含量,O-P和Ca₁₀-P的含量不随施磷量增加发生显著性变化;与单作相比,间作种植对鹰嘴豆土壤带各无机磷组分含量没有显著影响,但间作玉米种植带土壤各组分无机磷含量均低于单作土壤,其中不施磷肥处理下Fe-P、施纯磷 40 kg·hm^-2处理下Al-P及施纯磷 80 kg·hm^-2处理下Ca₁₀-P的含量显著低于单作土壤。     

Inhibition of PRRX2 suppressed colon cancer liver metastasis via inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

The aim of this study was to investigate whether PRRX2 may regulate the liver metastasis of colon cancer via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. PRRX2 and β-catenin in patients with the liver metastases of colon cancer was detected by immunochemistry. Colon cancer cells (CT-26 and CMT93) were divided into Normal, si-Ctrl, si-PRRX2 and si-PRRX2 +LiCl groups. Cell invasive and migrating abilities and the related proteins were detected. Liver-metastatic mice model was constructed consisting of Normal, NC shRNA and PRRX2 shRNA groups to examine the function of PRRX2 shRNA on liver metastasis. We found that PRRX2 and β-catenin positive rate was elevated in colon cancer tissues, especially in those tissues with liver metastasis, and there was a close relation between PRRX2 and the clinical staging, lymph node metastasis and numbers of liver metastases of colon cancer patients with liver metastasis. In vitro, the invasive and migrating abilities of CT-26 and CMT93 cells decreased apparently in the si-PRRX2 group, with down-regulation of PRRX2, p-GSK3β^Ser9/GSK3β, nucleus and cytoplasm β-catenin, TCF4 and Vimentin but up-regulation of E-cadherin. However, LiCl, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway activator, can reverse the inhibitory effect of si-PRRX2 on invasive and migrating ability of colon cancer cells. In vivo, the volume and weight of transplanted tumor and the number of liver metastases in the PRRX2 shRNA group were significantly reduced, with the similar protein expression patterns as in vitro. In a word, PRRX2 inhibition may reduce invasive and migrating abilities to hinder epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and suppress colon cancer liver metastasis through inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.     

甘肃省1959—1988年人间鼠疫流行病学特征及控制措施的研究

本文研究了甘肃省１９５９－１９８８年发生的２３起６３例人间鼠疫的流行病学特征。研究结果表明本省人间鼠疫地在理分布上具有分散性，孤立性，局限性和与鼠疫疫源地的关联性，在时间分布上具有间断生，突发性。不均衡性和集中于狩猎旱獭期的季节性，传染源主要是染疫的鼓马拉雅旱獭（Ｍａｒｍｏｔａ ｈｉｍａｌａｙａｎａ）和肺型鼠疫病人，死于鼠疫的患者尸体和其他染疫动物尸体可能起到过传染源的作用；传播途径以直接接触传染     

甘肃省党参种植生产现状的调查分析

目的:为甘肃省大宗药材合理种植、生产提供依据。方法:通过对甘肃省党参的种质资源现状、田间管理、采收加工、养护贮藏和市场销售等生产现状进行实地考察和农户走访,对调查信息进行整理和分析。结果与结论:调查结果表明,党参资源存在种质、品质参差不齐,种子、种苗的前期投入成本逐年攀高,田间管理措施少,养护贮存措施粗放,党参市场价格波动大,种植面积盲目扩大等问题。建议做好党参适宜性生产区划,规范党参种质来源和质量,进一步对农户进行规范化栽培的田间管理、采收、加工和运输的培训和监督;充分利用已建成的国家中药资源野外动态监测站对党参进行及时的动态监测分析,对党参的种植和生产做出市场预判和决策依据;积极探索新型发展模式,形成规范化的党参种植生产链条。