320排CT评价右心室功能的对照研究:与1.5T磁共振心脏成像比较

目的 与1.5T 磁共振成像对比,探讨320排CT心功能扫描模式(cardiac function angiography,CFA)评价右心室心功能的能力.方法 测量分析50例常规就诊患者应用320排CT CFA扫描数据,与心脏核磁共振成像(cardiac MR imaging,CMR)结果对比,统计分析右室射血分数(right ventricular ejection fraction,RVEF)、右心室舒张末期容积(right ventricular end-diastolic volume,RVEDV)、收缩末期容积(right ventricular end- systolic volume,RVESV)、每搏输出量(right ventricular stroke volume,RVSV)、心排血量 (cardiac output,RVCO)各测量值与CMR各测量值的相关性和差异.结果 (1)与CMR结果对照,320排CT对本组的RVEDV、RVESV 、RVEF、RVSV、RVCO各参数测量结果有显著的相关性(n=50,r=0.944～0.990,P＜0.001).除RVEF测量结果差异无显著性意义外,RVEDV、RVESV、RVSV、RVCO均显示有低估.(2)应用CFA技术,平均延迟时间(9.32±1.77) s,平均射线剂量(2.73±0.47) mSv.结论 应用CFA扫描模式,320排CT可以准确描述右心室功能变化.     

从“天癸既行,皆从厥阴论之”论治经前期综合征探析

[目的]探析从“天癸既行,皆从厥阴论之”的辨证观论治经前期综合征的理论依据和实际意义。[方法]围绕“天癸既行,皆从厥阴论之”的论点,通过分析厥阴经脉循行与冲任、胞宫的关系,基于厥阴本病及厥阴与少阳、厥阴与少阴的关系,探析厥阴与经前期综合征的相关性,最后附一则医案以证其效。[结果]经前期综合征中医属于“月经前后诸证”的范畴,厥阴经病与冲任、胞宫关系密切,其病机多寒热错杂,临床可从厥阴病角度论治经前期综合征,以中医学“天人相应”之论,顺应厥阴时间节点,恰时给方用药,可达事半功倍之效。所附验案系厥阴寒热错杂证之痛经,治以柔养肝木、温补元阳、调补中焦,处以乌梅丸改汤加味,取得较好疗效。[结论]经前期综合征临证可从厥阴论治,灵活运用经方,如乌梅丸化裁;或循其厥阴法治疗,异病同治,效如桴鼓。     

320层CT心电门控双期心脏功能扫描一站式检查的初步研究

目的 初步探讨应用320层CT心电门控双期心功能扫描模式(DPCFA)一站式评价心脏、冠状动脉、肺动脉形态及左、右心室功能的能力.方法 回顾性分析40例经临床确诊患者的320层CT DPCFA扫描数据,分别以肺动脉期重建并观察肺动脉分支,以主动脉期重建并观察冠状动脉.分别以两期数据进行MPR重组并分析左、右心室功能,结果与超声心动图相对照.5例因图像质量欠佳排除组外,35例图像质量达到2级以上,可用作诊断,扫描平均心率(71.2±11.2)次/min,全部患者扫描期间未出现心律失常.应用Pearson检验进行相关性分析,应用配对t检验分析二者测量左心室射血分数(LVEF)的一致性.结果 (1)35例最终入组患者中,诊断单发肺动脉栓塞l1例,冠心病支架术后7例,单发冠心病5例,先天性心脏病房间隔缺损3例,特发性肺动脉高压3例,左房黏液瘤l例,肺动脉栓塞合并冠心病5例,全部符合临床诊断.(2)CT与超声心动图对照,35例患者的左、右心室舒张末期最大径分别为(36.7±3.3)、(43.3±3.4)mm,左、右心室收缩末期最大径分别为(31.6 ±5.1)、(41.3±5.1)mm,LVEF为47.1±15.1.超声心动图测得左、右心室舒张末期最大径分别为(40.3±3.1)、(47.3±4.2)mm,左、右心室收缩末期最大径分别为(37.3±5.6)、(45.3±3.3)mm,LVEF为46.0±14.8.CT与超声测量结果有显著的相关性(r=0.886～0.988,P值均＜0.01),LVEF的测量结果差异无统计学意义(t=0.692,P＞0.05).(3)应用DPCFA技术,平均射线剂量(5.4 ±0.5)mSv.结论 320层CT心电门控双期心功能扫描模式,可以用于心血管疾病一站式影像检查,可为临床心血管疾病的诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗方案的确定提供丰富的影像学信息,对左、右心功能不全相关临床问题的处理具有指导作用.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the feasibility of evaluating cardiac structure, coronary artery,pulmonary artery and cardiac function in one single scan by 320-row CT ECG-gated double phase cardiac function scan mode. MethodsForty patients underwent the 320-detector row CT double phase cardiovascular angiography. The pulmonary phase and aortic phase were reconstructed in order to evaluate the pulmonary and coronary artery. MPR reconstructions of both pulmonary and aortic phase were used to analyze the function of the two ventricles. And the results of the cardiac function were compared with those of transthoracic echocardiography. Thirty-five cases could be analyzed and diagnosed, while the other 5 cases had to be given up because of the poor imaging quality. The mean heart rate was (71.2 ± 11.2) beat per min (bpm). No arrhythmia case included. Results ( 1 ) Pulmonary embolism were diagnosed in 11 cases,coronary artery disease (CAD) were found in 5 cases, while post-stent implantation were observed in 7 cases. Six cases of congenital heart disease were diagnosed with 3 ASD and 3 primary pulmonary hypertension. Another one was diagnosed with left atrial myxoma, and 5 cases were pulmonary embolism associated with CAD. All of above cases were verified by final clinical diagnosis. (2) The heart function parameters including LVEDd , RVEDd, LVESd, RVESd and LVEF were (36.7 ±3.3), (43.3 ± 3.4) mm,(31.6±5.1), (41.3 ±5.1) mm and (47.1 ±15.1) for CT, while those were (40.3 ±3.1), (47.3 ±4.2) mm,(37.3 ±5.6), (45.3 ±3.3) mm,and (46.0 ± 14.8) for ultrasound, respectively. The CT results were correlated with the ultrasound ( n = 35, r = 0.886-0.988, P ＜ 0.01 ). (3) The average radiation exposure was ( 5.4 ± 0.5 ) mSv. Conclusions 320-row CT ECG-gated double phase cardiac function scan mode is feasible for the "one-stop-shop" examination of the cardiovascular disease. This noninvasive method is recommended for the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cardiovascular disease.